Nhanho inotevera yekutsvagisa pamusoro penzira yekuyera hurombo hwakawanda muUzbekistan

Vatsvagiri veCentre for Economic Research and Reforms vachaita ongororo pakati pehuwandu mumatunhu ese emunyika kuti vaone iyo Index, iyo inoburitsa hunhu hwehurombo hwakawanda.

Center for Economic Research and Reforms, yakabatana neUNICEF, iri kuita chidzidzo che “Methodology for Measuring Multidimensional Poverty in Uzbekistan”. Pahwaro hweiyo nzira yakagadziridzwa, iyo Family Welfare Index ichaunzwa muUzbekistan.

Musi waZvita 29, Center for Economic Research and Reforms yakabata tafura yakatenderedza pamusoro pehurombo hwakasiyana-siyana muUzbekistan, iyo yakava nhanho inotevera yechidzidzo.

Chiitiko ichi chakapindwa nevashandi vehurumende nemadhipatimendi akakodzera, pamwe chete nenyanzvi yepasi rose kubva kuUNICEF Research Center (Innochenti) Gwyther Rees, uyo akapa ruzivo pamusoro pezvakaitika kune dzimwe nyika uye maitiro akanaka ekuyera hurombo hwemarudzi akawanda.

Tafura yakatenderedzwa yakarongwa neHofisi yeUNICEF muUzbekistan nerutsigiro rweUNICEF Dunhu Hofisi yeEastern Europe neCentral Asia uye UNICEF Research Center (Innocenti).

Chinangwa chikuru chetafura yakatenderedza ndechekukurukura chirongwa chekutanga chakagadziridzwa nenyanzvi kubva kuCentre for Economic Research and Reforms kuona kuyerwa kwehurombo hwakawanda mumamiriro eUzbekistan. Ongororo ichaitwa munyika yose kuti itsanangure Index inozoratidza maitiro ehurombo hwakawanda. Nyanzvi dzakakurukura nzira uye mibvunzo yechidzidzo chiri kuuya. Kunyanya, akati wandei akasimbiswa uye akakosha mazano akaitwa, tichifunga nezve aya mazano emibvunzo ichapedzwa.

Pakupera kwaChivabvu 2021, kekutanga muUzbekistan, fungidziro dzekutanga dzehushoma kushandiswa kwevatengi kwehuwandu hwakaburitswa. Nokudaro, kuedza kwakaitwa kuyera urombo hwemari munyika.

“Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti shoko rokuti “urombo” harina tsanangudzo yepasi rose. Nyika imwe neimwe inochengetedza tsananguro yenyika zvichienderana nehunhu hwayo. Nechinangwa chimwe chete, takakurukura patafura yemazuva ano kuti hurombo hwakasiyana-siyana chii kubva pakuona kweiyo Uzbekistan, uye kuti ndeapi chiyero chinofanira kuverengerwa. Chiitiko chepasi rose chinoratidza kuti inotora kuwanika kwekudya kwakakwana, imba inosangana nemimwe mitemo, kuwana magetsi, hutano hwehutano uye dzidzo. Ndeipi iyo chaiyo nhanho, iyo inofanirwa kunge iri nhanho yemhando, ichatemwa kuburikidza nekubvunzana kwenyika. Semuenzaniso, kuiswa kwechiratidzo chehurombo hwenyika kuchayera chiyero chekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu veUzbekistan, zvichiratidza zvakananga mararamiro avo ", akadaro Mr. Umid Aliyev, UNICEF Social Policy Advisor muUzbekistan.

Zvakakosha kuyera huwandu hwehurombo pakati pevana sezvo chikamu che33% chevagari vemuUzbekistan vari vana. Kekutanga muna 2017, Mutungamiriri akasimudza nyaya yehurombo. Kubva ipapo, Center for Economic Research and Reforms yakaita zvidzidzo zvakawanda pamusoro pekuyera hurombo.

“Sei zvakakosha kuyera urombo? Nhasi, maererano neWorld Bank, chikamu che9.2% chevanhu pasi rose, kana kuti vanhu mamiriyoni 689, vanorarama muhurombo hwakanyanya nemari isingasviki US $ 1.90 pazuva. Munyika 107 dzichiri kusimukira, iye zvino mava nevanhu vanosvika mabhiriyoni 1.3 vanorarama muurombo hwakasiyana-siyana (zvichienderana nemaitiro ehurombo hwakasiyana-siyana). Izvi zvinoreva kuti hurombo hwemarudzi akawanda hunoyerwa kwete chete nemari inowanikwa, asiwo nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakawanda, zvakadai semamiriro ehupenyu, hutano, hutsanana uye zvivakoti munzvimbo yekugara, uye chiyero chekuchengeteka.

Urombo hwevana hunonyanya kukosha kudarika kutsunga kwehurombo kune vanhu vakuru. Nokuti kuremara kunowanikwa pazera duku kunokanganisa mabasa omunhu muupenyu hwake hwose. Kunyanya, zvidzidzo zvezesayenzi zvakaratidza kuti urombo hune simba rakaipa pamabasa ehuropi hwevanhu, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa chinenge chakaderera pakati pevana varombo. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakaratidzwa kuti huwandu hwemari hwakaderera muhupenyu hwese, "akadaro Hasan Majidov, muongorori paCentre for Economic Research and Reforms.

 Nzira dzemari uye dzisiri dzemari dzinoshandiswa kuona hurombo. Pane maturusi maviri ekuyera urombo husiri hwemari, yekutanga iri nzira yeUNICEF's Multidimensional Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA). Chaizvoizvo, iyi inzira yekuyera urombo pakati pevana. Yechipiri iMPI (Multidimensional Poverty Index). Chimwe chezvinangwa zvedu zvikuru muUzbekistan nhasi kugadzira nzira yekuyera hurombo husiri hwemari yakawanda pakati pevakuru nevana, tichibatanidza zviratidzo zviviri izvi. Mumethodheji yeMODA, zviratidzo zvezera zvinopihwa zvakaparadzana, kureva pakuitisa ongororo, mibvunzo yakasiyana inogadzirirwa vanhu kubva kumucheche kusvika kumakore mashanu, kubva pamakore mashanu kusvika ku5 uye anopfuura makore gumi nemanomwe. MPI haina sarudzo iyi. Naizvozvo, kuyerwa kuri kugadzirwa nekubatanidza nzira mbiri idzi.

Munguva yekutenderera, Karomat Nurullayev akapa mhedzisiro yeongororo yakaitwa muArmenia iyo inoyera multidimensional isiri-yemari urombo vachishandisa nzira mbiri.

Paunenge uchigadzira zviratidzo zvemubvunzo, vatori vechikamu chetafura yakatenderedza vakaronga kuvandudza ivo vakaparadzana kumaruwa nemadhorobha ehuwandu hwevanhu, pamwe nezvikamu zvehuwandu hwevanhu vanogara muzvivakwa zvakawanda-storey nezvivanze. VaRavshan Isamutdinov, nyanzvi muBazi reMahalla uye Kutsigira Mhuri, vakakarakadza kuti paitwe zvidzidzo zvakasiyana nezvevakadzi (zvakasiyana zvevakadzi nevarume). Chechipiri, akaronga kugadzira chiratidzo chekuvapo kwematarenda uye hunyanzvi pakati pehuwandu. Izvi zvichabatsira kuderedza kushaikwa kwemabasa nehurombo, nyanzvi yakati.

Sezvo nyika imwe neimwe inopesana nemamiriro ayo uye maitiro ayo, maererano nenyanzvi, munyika dzakawanda dzakabudirira kushayikwa kweInternet kusingagumi kudzimba kune imwe yezviratidzo zvehurombo, asi kushandiswa kwechiratidzo ichi muUzbekistan hakuzotibatsiri. sarudza mwero chaiwo wehurombo.

Seminari iyi inotarisirwa kuumba hwaro hwekusimudzira nekushandiswa kwenzira yenyika yekuyera hurombo hwakawanda uye kuverenga iyo Family Well-Being Index. Zviyero izvi zvinopa ruzivo runobatsira pakuona matanho akazara ekudzikisa hurombo nekuvandudza kugara kwemhuri muUzbekistan.

Goverana ichi chinyorwa: