VaTrump vanongove Mutungamiriri weUS achangoburwa asingatsigire kutendeseka kwematunhu

Hatifanirwe kushamiswa zvakanyanya neakaipa 'chikumbiro cherunyararo' chakataurwa neMutungamiriri weAmerica, VaDonald Trump, nekuti ingano kuti US yakazvipira zvizere kumusimboti wehutsvene hwenzvimbo dzematunhu. IUS ine rekodhi refu yekutyora kutendeseka kwematunhu. Heino maitiro, anonyora Taras Kuzio.

Trump's 'peace proposals' yakaronga kuti US 'de jure' icherechedze hutongi hweRussia pamusoro peCrimea iyo yakatorwa neRussia muna 2014. Ukraine yakamanikidzwa kubvuma izvi 'de jure recognition.' Zviripachena, izvi hazvina kufungidzirwa sezvo mutungamiri weUkraine asina kodzero yebumbiro remutemo yekutyora bumbiro nekupa nharaunda. Danho rakadaro raizoda referendamu uko sarudzo dzepfungwa dzinoratidza kuti vazhinji vekuUkraine vangapikisa danho rakadaro. The New York Times akadaro MP weUkraine, Kostyantyn Yeliseyev achiti: 'Hapana kana mumwe wezvematongerwo enyika wekuUkraine angavhota kuti anyorese zviri pamutemo kutorwa kwenzvimbo dzeUkraine. Kune nhengo dzeParamende, zvingave zvakanyanya kupfuura kuzviuraya kwezvematongerwo enyika. "

VaTrump vafuratirawo magwaro maviri anoshora kucherechedzwa zviri pamutemo kwenzvimbo dzakatorwa neRussia muUkraine. Muna July 2018, ipapo US Secretary of State Pompeo akati US haizombofa yakaziva hutongi hweRussia pamusoro peCrimea. Muna Gumiguru 2022, Seneta Marco Rubio, uye Maseneta eDemocratic and Republican akakurudzira shanduko dzemutemo dzinorambidza US kucherechedza "chero chirevo cheRussia chekutonga pamusoro pechikamu chipi nechipi chenharaunda inozivikanwa pasi rose yeUkraine".

The Trump administration kwaenda rimwe danho nekumanikidza Ukraine kuti iregewo hutongi hwematunhu mana eDonetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhya, neKherson ayo akatorwa muna Gunyana 2022. "Chirongwa cherunyararo" chaTrump chinodaidzira kuti "de facto recognition" yekutora kweRussia zvikamu zvematunhu mana eUkraine.

Mukuru wenhaurirano Steve Witkoff akanga atotsanangura kubvuma kwaTrump kutonga kweRussia. Witkoff, mubvunzurudzo yaKurume naTucker Carlson, haana kukwanisa kudoma matunhu mana eUkraine asi akati, zvisizvo, vaitaura chiRussian, izvo Zaporizhzhya naKherson vasiri. Witkoff akati, zvakare zvisizvo: "Pave nemareferendamu apo ruzhinji rwevanhu rwakaratidza kuti vanoda kuve pasi pehutongi hweRussia." Carlson akawedzera mutsara weKremlin: "Kutaura zvazviri, dzimwe dzenzvimbo idzi ikozvino, kubva pakuona kweRussia, chikamu cheRussia, chakarurama?"

'Chikumbiro cherunyararo' chechikwata chaTrump haisi nzira itsva.

Muchokwadi, iyo US yakakanganisa kuvimbika kwenzvimbo kubva pakaparara Soviet Union muna 1991, ndiko kuti, kweanopfuura makumi matatu emakore. US haina kumbomanikidza Vatungamiri veRussia Boris Yeltsin kana Vladimir Putin kuti vasunungure kunetsana muMoldova, Georgia kana Azerbaijan iyo Russia yakanga yagadzira muma1990 apo Kremlin yakanga yatsigira vanoparadzana.

Muna 1992, Section 907 yeUS Freedom Support Act yakarambidza chero rubatsiro rwakananga nehurumende yeAzerbaijan. Izvi zvakaita kuti Azerbaijan ive nyika yega mushure meSoviet, kubva mumatunhu gumi neshanu eUSSR, kuti isagamuchire rubatsiro kubva kuUS nechinangwa chekutsigira shanduko yemauto uye shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi kubva kucommunism uye kutonga kwekuraira hupfumi.

Chiito cheUS chaive chekuti Azerbaijan yakavharira Armenia mushure meHondo yekutanga yeKarabakh kubva 1988-1992. Washington yakapomera Azerbaijan mhosva yehondo kunyangwe yaive Armenia yaive yatora makumi maviri muzana enzvimbo yeAzerbaijani kubva 1992-2020.

Kurwisa kwaTrump vachipesana neMutungamiriri weUkraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy nekuda kwekusaziva 'Crimea seRussia inotevedzera zvikanganiso zvakafanana zveUS. Trump akapomera mutungamiri weUkraine nekuita 'mataurirwo emhirizhonga' izvo 'zvinoita kuti zviome kwazvo kugadzirisa hondo iyi' uye yeUkraine kutadza kudzivirira Crimea muna 2014. Muchirimo 2014, Mutungamiriri weUnited States, Barack Obama, achitya 'kukwira,' akamanikidza Ukraine kuti isarwisane nekurwisa kweRussia kuCrimea uye kufuratira zvisungo zvekuchengetedza zveUS kuUkraine pasi peMemorandum 1994.

Trump akapomera Zelenskyy kukanganisa kwehurukuro dzerunyararo, achiti 'Ndinofunga tine chibvumirano neRussia. Tinofanira kuwana dhiri naZelenskyy.' Trump akawedzera 'Ndaifunga kuti zvingava nyore kubata naZelenskyy. Kusvika parizvino, zvave zvakaoma.' Asi izvo, kusavapo kwekumanikidza Putin kuti aenzanise zvaanoda zvakanyanya, izvo zvave zviripo kubva Muchirimo 2022, zvinoratidza kutsigira kwaTrump kuRussia uye kusafarira Ukraine uye ruvengo rwemunhu kuna Zelenskyy waanopomera mhosva yake yekutanga kupomerwa.

VaTrump havana kumbobvira vamanikidza Russia kana kudaidza Putin kuti asabvuma kumisa pfuti. Musi waMarch 11, Ukraine yakabvuma kumisa kurwa kwemazuva makumi matatu. VaTrump vari kutevera mumatsimba evakuru veAmerica vakambopa makarotsi kune vapanduki - Armenia neRussia - apo vachishandisa tsvimbo kune avo vane minda yakatorwa - Azerbaijan neUkraine. A muchengeti Muparidzi akatsanangura Trump seanoshuvira chibvumirano cherunyararo 'chero zvazvinoreva kuUkraine.'

Pakati pe2001-2022, Senate yeUnited States yakagamuchira chigadziro chakapa mutungamiri simba rekuregera Chikamu 907. Asi munaNovember 2023, US yakamisa mauto uye mamwe maitiro ekubatsira kuAzerbaijan nekubvisa Mutemo Wekutsigirwa Kwerusununguko Chikamu 907 chiremera chekuregererwa kwemakore emari 2024; ndiko kuti, panguva yaJoe Biden nehutungamiriri hwaTrump.

Kuita kweUS kwakanangana nekuranga Azerbaijan mushure mekunge yatora zvakare hutongi hwedunhu reKarabakh munaGunyana 2023. Karabakh inozivikanwa pasi rose senzvimbo inozvitonga yeAzerbaijan. Mumwe anoshamisika kana US yaizorangawo Ukraine dai iri mune ramangwana kutorazve Crimea, dunhu rinozivikanwa senyika yeUkraine inozvitonga.

US haisati yamboda kuti Israel ibude kubva kuGolan Heights kana kuWest Bank iyo yakagarwa mushure meHondo yeMazuva matanhatu ya1967, neyaimbotorwa muna 1981. UN nenyika zhinji dzinoona Golan Heights neWest Bank senzvimbo dzakatorwa neIsrael dzeSyria neJordanian.

Ma manejimendi akatevedzana eUS akaramba kupa rubatsiro rwechiuto kuAzerbaijan neVatungamiri Barack Obama naTrump kuUkraine. IUS yakafuratira kurwiswa kwemauto neAzerbaijan neUkraine izvo zvakakonzera kutorwa kwenzvimbo dzavo panguva imwechete yakapa rubatsiro rwemauto kuArmenia neIsrael izvo zvaitora nyika yemuvakidzani wavo zvisiri pamutemo. IUS yanga iri mutsigiri mukuru werubatsiro rwemauto kuIsrael kwemakumi emakore, rubatsiro rwasvika mazana emabhiriyoni emadhora.

Muna Kukadzi 2008, iyo US, pamwe neUK, yakaziva rusununguko rweKosovo kubva kuSerbia. Kosovo yakanga iri nzvimbo yakasununguka yeSerbia yakanga isina kodzero yepamutemo yekuve nyika yakazvimirira mushure mekuparara kweYugoslavia. Autonomous matunhu mune yaimbova USSR haana kupiwa kodzero kuzvitonga; izvi zvakangopihwa kune gumi neshanu Soviet republic.

Ukraine haina kumboziva rusununguko rweKosovo nokuti Kyiv yakatenda kuti yakazarura musuwo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoti kodzero 'yekuzvisarudzira.' Chokwadi, Russia yakashandisa muenzaniso weKosovo kutaura kuti Crimea yaivewo nekodzero 'yekuzvisarudzira,' kunyangwe mienzaniso miviri iyi yakasiyana zvakanyanya sezvo imwe dunhu rakava nyika yakazvimirira uye imwe yakatorwa. Armenia yakashandisa mienzaniso ye'kuzvitonga' kweKosovo neCrimea kuti itsigire zvainoti kudunhu reKarabakh rine kodzero imwe chete.

IUS yakateedzerawo nzira yekuda kuziva yekuparadzaniswa kweKurdish. PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party), iyo yakatanga kurwisa mauto mukati meTürkiye muna 1979, yakasarudzwa sesangano remagandanga naTürkiye, US uye European Union (EU). Türkiye inhengo yakakosha yeNATO inobata mabhesi emhepo maviri eUS, zviteshi zviviri zveUS radar uye chiteshi chemhepo cheUS.

Panguva imwecheteyo, US yakabatana nemauto neYPG (People's Defense Units) muSyria ine hukama hwepedyo uye hwekushanda nePKK. YPG-PKK zvikamu kuchamhembe kweSyria zvagara zviri chikamu chepakati cheUS-inotsigirwa neSyrian Democratic Forces (SDF). Zvichakadaro, Washington yakaona iyo SDF: "semubatsiri wayo mukuru ane zvombo mukurwisa Daesh, iyo yaidzora nzvimbo yakakura yedunhu kusvika 2017".

Türkiye kune rimwe divi ane chokwadi chekuti SDF inzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika inotsigirwa neUS kuvharidzira varwi veYPG-PKK mukati menzvimbo dzayo. Zvinoshamisa, "makumi emamiriyoni emadhora emari yevateresi vekuAmerica anopedzerwa pakubata YPG, nhungirwa yePKK".

'Chikumbiro cherunyararo' chaTrump chinotyora kuvimbika kwenharaunda yeUkraine uye mibairo kusazivikanwa kweRussia chakashamisa vatauri vazhinji. Zvakangodaro, kusaremekedza kwaTrump kuperera kwenharaunda yeUkraine kunotevera tsika refu pamakumi matatu emakore apfuura ekutsigira kutorwa kweIsrael kweSyria Golan Heights neJoridhani West Bank, vachiranga Azerbaijan mushure mechikamu chechishanu chenzvimbo yayo yakagarwa neArmenia, vachiziva kuti Kosovo yakaparadzana nemapoka ekuzvimiririra. Türkiye's territorial kutendeseka.

Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Türkiye, uye EU inosimudzira hutsvene hwenzvimbo yekuvimbika kwematunhu seyapakati pemutemo wepasirese. Nehurombo, nhoroondo yenhoroondo inoratidza kuti izvi hazvina kumbobvira zvave zvakadaro kuUS, Israel, uyezve Russia.

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