Ini ndinovenga kuzvibvuma, asi Trump ichokwadi nezveUkraine

Ndisati ndaenderera, ndine chikwereti chekuzivisa kune vaverengi ve EU Mutori wenhau. Dai ndaiva mugari wemuAmerica, ndingadai ndisina kuvhotera Mutungamiriri wenyika, VaDonald Trump, nekuti, tichisiya nyaya yekuti munhu akabatwa nemhosva, uye semunhu ane hutsinye uye asina nyasha, pane zvakawanda zviri muhurongwa hwake hwepamba zvandisingade., anonyora Vidya S. Sharma Ph.d.

Ini handisi kupokana nazvo zvachose asi ini zvakare handisi fan mukuru weiyo transactional style ye diplomacy kumberi kwenyika. Zvikuru sei nesimba guru. Nyika dzakapfuma uye dzine simba rakawanda dzinofanirwa kuita sedzisina hanya (kunyangwe pakupedzisira, inowedzera simba radzo rakapfava). Semuyenzaniso, handisi kufarira danho raMusk-Trump rekudzosera mari ingangoita zvirongwa zvese zveUSAID, kumisa mupiro wemari weUS kuWorld Health Organisation, kubata mitemo yezvemamiriro ekunze sezvipingamupinyi mukusimudzira hupfumi, kana kuedza kubvisa zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwemagasi egreenhouse, nezvimwe.

Muutongi hwezvido zvevanhu, zvakajairika kushoropodza/kuzvidza mitemo yevanopikisa mumusika wemazano, kureva kuratidza kukwezva kwevavhoti. Asi yakasarudzika yaVaTrump modus operandi kushungurudza, kudzikisira uye kutuka vanomupikisa uye vanoonekwa vavengi nekudaidza mazita pachena.

Mushure mekupokana kukuru muna Kukadzi 28, 2025, mutungamiri wenyika VaTrump vakaraira Mutungamiri Zelensky kuti vabve muWhite House vanofanira kupihwa mhosva zvine simba. Munhu haatore Mutungamiriri weNyika anoshanya sokunge ari junior clerk mukambani yake. Mumwe anofanirwa kutevedzera maprotocol akaisirwa zviitiko zvakadaro.

VaTrump vakashoropodzwa nekudaidza Mutungamiri Volodymyr Zelensky mudzvanyiriri. Asi Trump inogona kunge yakataura izvi nekusaziva uye kwete kutuka Zelensky. VaTrump vanogona kunge vasina kuziva kuti Bumbiro reKuUkraine rinorambidza sarudzo dzeparamende nedzemutungamiri wenyika kuti dziitwe kana nyika iri pasi pemutemo wemauto.

Saizvozvo, Ukraine inogona kunge isina kutanga iyi war sezvakataurwa neMutungamiri Trump zvisiri izvo asi, sezvandinokurukura pazasi nyaya yakasimba inogona kuitwa kuti yaive yekusaziva uye kukundikana kweUkraine (nekuda kwekusaziva) mukugadzira mutemo wekune dzimwe nyika wakanyatsokodzera kushandira zvido zvenyika yeUkraine iyo yakabatsira zvakanyanya, kanenge, mukurebesa hondo iyi.

Nezvikonzero zvakanyorwa muchinyorwa changu, 'Kuti Kamala Harris akarasikirwa sei nesarudzo isingarasikike' yakaburitswa pano munaNovember 15, 2024, ndingadai ndisina kuvhotera Kamala Harris. Mumakore ake mana seMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri kana panguva yekuratidzira kwemutungamiri wenyika muna 2024, Harris haana kuratidza hungwaru kana humbowo hwakadzama pamatambudziko akatarisana neUS mukati kana kunze kwenyika. Aisagona kana kutaura mutsara unotsinhirana panhau ipi neipi kunze kwokunge akavhenekerwa parunhare rwake.

Vaverengi ve EU Mutori wenhau vachaziva kuti Mutungamiri Trump nehutungamiri hwavo vakashongedzwa zvakanyanya nekuyedza kutaurirana runyararo pakati peRussia neUkraine. Chikumbiro chake chinorambidza nhengo yeNATO kuUkraine pakutanga uye inoda kuti Ukraine ibvise hutongi munzvimbo dzagara dziri pasi peRussia.

Chinangwa chechinyorwa ichi ndechekuongorora kana kushoropodzwa kuri pamusoro kwechikumbiro chaTrump kwakanaka here. Trump ane mhosva yekufadza Russia here? Ndiye iye Neville Chamberlain we2025, se Robert Kagan, munyori anobatsira weThe Atlantic uye mumwe mukuru paBrookings Institution ine mukurumbira, akadaro?

KUSHOropodzwa kwaTRUMP - KWAKAKOSHA SEI?

Mumwe angatarisira kuruboshwe-vakatsamira vakasununguka vatauri kuti varove Trump. Asi vatauri vezvematongerwo enyika, avo vaipopotera VaTrump vachipopota musarudzo, vanga vachishora VaTrump kubva pavakataura masvondo mana apfuura kuti. Russia inofanirwa kudzoserwa kuG7; uye Defense Secretary wake, Pete Hegseth, musi wa12 Kukadzi 2025 pakushanya kwake kwekutanga kumuzinda weNATO akataura kuti (a) Ukraine haifanire kutarisira kudzoreredza nharaunda yese yakatorwa neRussia kubvira 2014; uye (b) iyo US yaisazotsigira bhidhiyo yeUkraine yekuve nhengo yeNATO.

Mutungamiri Trump vakashoropodzwa nekuimba kubva papepa renziyo raPutin. VaTrump pavakanyora paTwitter kuti hurongwa hwaZelensky hwakatungamira kuHondo yeRussia-Ukraine, Tony Abbott, aimbova Prime Minister weAustralia, akataura kuti VaTrump vaive "Lkugara munyika yekufungidzira”. Vakashorawo VaTrump apo vekupedzisira vakati hutungamiriri hweZelensky hwakashandisa zvisizvo mabhiriyoni emadhora akapihwa murubatsiro rweUS.

Paul Monk, aimbova mukuru wehungwaru muongorori neThe Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) uye mutsigiri akasimba waTrump, akazivisa hurongwa hwaTrump hwezvematongerwo enyika. "haisi kukanganisa chete - inoparadza. "

Steven Pifer, aimbove mumiriri weUS kuUkraine uye mumwe wevanonyanya kutaura nhengo huru yeUkraine uye inopokana neRussia muUS, akanyora achipokana naTrump pamapuratifomu enhau epamhepo senge. The Hill uye Kufarira Kwenyika nekuda kwekubvumirana nezvido zvaPutin kunyange kusati kwatanga nhaurirano. Mune mamwe mazwi, VaTrump vakasiya chero mukana wekuti US ingangove nawo mukupesvedzera chimiro cherunyararo.

Kunyora The Washington Post, Michael Birnbaum et.al. vakanyora kuti, “VaTrump vavhundutsa Europe nekuita sevanotenderana neMutungamiriri weRussia Vladimir Putin kunyange nhaurirano dzisati dzatanga... VekuEurope vainetsekana vakati VaTrump vari kupa Russia chibvumirano chavo chakasimba kwazvo chisati chashandiswa.

The Wall Street Journal yakanyorwa muna Kukadzi 17, 2025: "Vadyidzani vekuEurope vaiziva kuti hukama hwavo neTrump Administration yechipiri yaizonetsa."Kunyange zvakadaro, kuvhunduka kwavakaita kubva kuWashington mumazuva achangopfuura kunokonzeresa dambudziko. Yambiro, zvishoma kana zvishoma: Shape up kana maAmerican ari kutumira kunze.

"Tanga nehondo yeUkraine. Uku ndiko kurwisana kukuru kwemauto muvhu reEurope kubva muna 1945, uye vatungamiri veKondinendi vanocherechedza dambudziko rekuchengetedza kwavo. Asi shoko raVaTrump nderokuti US haina basa kuti vanhu vekuEurope vanofungei pamusoro pekuti hondo inofanira kugadziriswa sei."

Kutaura nezve hurongwa hwaTrump hwekuunza hondo yeUkraine-Russia kumagumo nekukurumidza, Paul Kelly uye vamwe vazhinji vanyori vepfungwa vakagumisa kuti US haigone kuvimbwa nayo semubatsiri. Malcolm Turnbull, aimbova Mutungamiriri weAustralia, akapomera zvimwe chetezvo mubvunzurudzo paABC.

Paul Dibb, hawk yeRussia uye aimbova Mutevedzeri weMunyori muAustralia Dhipatimendi reDziviriro, akatsiura Donald Trump nekutaura kuti "hapana nzira yekukurukurirana inogona kururamisa kusiiwa kweZelensky neUkraine munhaurirano dzerunyararo". Mumwe mumiriri weUkraine mumiriri uye zvino Purofesa wenhoroondo yeRussia paMelbourne University anonzi Trump Puppet yaPutin. Vazhinji vatauri vakatsanangurawo kuti VaTrump vakaderedza US.

Nenzira, aya ndiwo mamwe mapoka evatsinhanisi avo, nguva pfupi mushure mekutanga kweHondo yeUkraine-Russia vakanga vachifanotaura se: Rhupfumi hweUSsia hwave pedyo nekudonha (chaizvoizvo, zvichienderana nenhamba dzakaunganidzwa ne Bank of Finland, yakakura ne3.6% uye 3.6% kusvika 4.1% mu2023 uye 2024 zvakateerana); hondo yacho haifarirwi muRussia zvokuti Putin aizokurumidza kukundwa; tsika yeuto reRussia yakaderera zvekuti Masoja eRussia ari kusiya zvigaro zvavo. Iyo yekupedzisira haisi dambudziko rakakomba rakatarisana neRussia. Izvo, zvakadaro, seUS Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri, JD Vance akataura nenzira kwayo kuZelensky, nderimwe rematambudziko makuru akatarisana neUkraine: zviuru zvevarume vekuUkraine vakasiya zvigaro zvavo, kupa mhosva mamiriro asina kunaka pamitsetse yepamberi uye sevhisi yakavhurika, nezvimwe.

BIDEN'S UKRAINE DZIDZISO

Imwe nzira yekuongorora huchokwadi hwekushoropodzwa kwaVaTrump ndeyekuona kuti chinzvimbo chaTrump chakasiyana sei nedzidziso yeBiden.

Ongororo yepedyo inoratidza kuti kushoropodza kwavo pamusoro paTrump kwakavakirwa pafungidziro mbiri:

• Biden aida kukoka Ukraine senhengo itsva yeNATO; uye
• Biden angadai akada kuti Russia irege matunhu akahwina panguva yehondo sechikamu chekugadzirisa runyararo.

Mafungiro aya haatsigirwi nechokwadi.

Ichokwadi kuti Biden akadzokorora kutaura kuti US ichatsigira Ukraine "kwenguva yakareba sezvazvinotora". Asi haana kumbojekesa: chero zvichitora kuita chii?

apo Ukraine inopesana ne2023 yakundikana, iyo White House yakagadzira nzira nyowani yeUkraine iyo yakasimbisa kudzoreredzwa kwenzvimbo yakarasika kuRussia. Nzira itsva iyi ine zvinangwa zvikuru zvitatu: (a) kubatsira Ukraine kuti isarasikirwa neimwe ndima kuRussia; (b) kuchengetedza vatsigiri veNATO vakabatana mukutsigira kwavo Ukraine; uye (c) ku kudzivirira NATO kupinda zvakananga mukukonana.

Karen DeYoung weWashington Post, pamwe chete nevamwe vatatu vaaishanda navo, mushure mekutaura nevakuru vakati wandei muBiden Administration, vezvematongerwo enyika vekuUkraine nemauto, uye vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika vari munyika dziri nhengo dzeNATO, vakanyora chinyorwa chakanyatsotsvakurudzwa chine musoro unoti, "Zvirongwa zvehondo zveUS kuUkraine hazvifungidziri kutorazve nzvimbo yakarasika".

Pakati penhengo dzeNATO, Poland neBalkan nyika dzanga dziri vatsigiri vakasimba veUkraine. Mushure mekukundikana kweUkraine 2023 counteroffensive, Latvian Mutungamiri Edgars Rinkevics akaudza The Washington Post, "Zvichida hakuzove nemhindu huru yenzvimbo ... Nzira chete ndeyekuwana zvakawanda sezvaunokwanisa kuUkraine kuti uvabatsire kutanga kudzivirira maguta avo ... uye chechipiri kuvabatsira kuti vasarasikirwe."

Biden Administration payaigadzira mutemo wayo weUkraine mushure mekutadza kupikisa muna 2023, Eric Green aishanda paBiden's National Security Council achitarisa mutemo weRussia. Muhurukuro naSimon Shuster weNguva, Green akadaro, "Tanga tisingatauri nemaune pamusoro pemiganhu yenharaunda". Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo yakagadziridzwa mutemo weUS haina kufunga vimbiso yekubatsira Ukraine kudzoreredza chero nyika yakatorasika kuRussia.

Eric Green akaudza Shuster, "Chikonzero chaive chakareruka ... mumaonero eWhite House, kuita izvi kwaive kusingakwanise kuUkraine, kunyangwe nerubatsiro rwakasimba kubva kuMadokero." Green akaenderera mberi achiti, "Iyi haisi kuzova nyaya yekubudirira pakupedzisira. Chinangwa chakanyanya kukosha chaive chekuti Ukraine irarame senyika inozvitonga, ine demokrasi."

Mushure mekutadza kupikisa 2023, Mutungamiri Volodymyr Zelensky akagadzira "chirongwa chekukunda". Urongwa uhwu hwaiva nezvikamu zvitatu: (a) nhengo yeNATO yekukurumidza kuUkraine; (b) iyo US inofanira kusimbisa nzvimbo yeUkraine nehuwandu hutsva hwezvombo; uye (c) Ukraine inobvumirwa kurova zvakadzika muRussia.

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, Biden, kune rumwe rutivi, aive nezvinangwa zvitatu zvakasiyana izvo zvaipesana nezvinangwa zvaZelensky.

Yakanga isiri Biden chete yaipesana nenhengo yeUkraine kuNATO. Germany, Hungary neSlovakia vaipokanawo nekukoka Ukraine kuti ibatane neNATO.

One mukuru weNATO Zvinonzi dzakati, “Nyika dzakadai seBelgium, Slovenia kana Spain dzakahwanda kuseri kweUS neGermany.

Mukupera kwaGumiguru 2024, Mumiriri weUS anobuda kuNATO Julianne Smith akaudza POLITICO: "Kusvika parizvino, mubatanidzwa hausati wasvika padanho rekuti wagadzirira kupa nhengo kana kukoka kuUkraine."

Munyori wezvekunze weBiden, Anthony Blinken mubvunzurudzo muna Ndira, 2024 paWorld Economic Forum muDavos, Switzerland, akati, "Tinogona kuona izvo ramangwana reUkraine rinogona uye rinofanira kuva, zvisinei nekuti mitsetse yakadhirowewa kupi... uye inguva yemberi iyo yakamira yakasimba pamakumbo maviri echiuto, mune zveupfumi, zvegutsaruzhinji. (matsveyama ndeangu)

Mushure mekunge Donald Trump anzi ndiye akakunda musarudzo dza2024, Zelensky haana kuzeza kushora Biden pachena. Mubvunzurudzo naLex Fridman (podcast yakaburitswa muna Ndira gore rino), Mutungamiri Volodymyr Zelensky akati, "Ini handidi mamiriro akaita sezvatakaita naBiden. Ndinokumbira zvirango izvozvi, ndokumbirawo, uye zvombo izvozvi."

Zelensky anofunga kuti Biden ainyanya kungwarira pakumira kuRussia, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakupa Ukraine nzira yakajeka yekuve nhengo yeNATO. Mune imwe yekubvunzurudzwa kwake panguva yekushanya kwake kuBiden White House munaGunyana apfuura, Zelensky akati, "Zvakakosha kuti tigovane muono wakafanana weremangwana rekuchengetedzwa kweUkraine - muEU neNATO."

UKRAINE: BIDEN VS. TRUMP

Zvinofanirwa kuve pachena kubva munhaurirano iri pamusoro kuti Biden Administration yanga isingade kuti Ukraine ibatane neNATO. Uye Biden haana kumbovimbisa Ukraine chero rubatsiro mukuwanazve nzvimbo yakarasika.

Saka Biden airevei paaiwanzoti, "kureba sezvazvinotora." Zvinogona kungoreva kuti Biden yaizotsigira Ukraine chero bedzi Ukraine yaida kurwisa Russia iri yoga senyika ine mercenary ine zvombo uye inopihwa mari neUS neNATO.

Biden aiziva kuti kunetsana kweUkraine neRussia kwaida mhinduro yezvematongerwo enyika. Biden aiziva kuti kana Russia ikabvumidza Ukraine kujoina NATO, yaizokombwa neNATO pamuganhu wayo wekumabvazuva. Biden aiziva kuti kuRussia yaive hondo iripo. Biden aiziva kuti aishandisa Ukraine mumutambo wake mukuru wesimba.

Ndosaka Biden asina kumbobvira aita neRussia panyaya iyi. Zvisungo zvake zvaingogumira pakusunungurwa vagari vekuAmerica / vatori venhau vakachengetwa sevasungwa mumajeri eRussia. Biden akafara kushandisa Ukraine sehupfu nekunyengedza kuti nhengo dzeNATO neEU dzakanga dzisiri kure uye mabhakiti emari aizoyerera nekujoinha EU aive mumaoko avo.

Biden aipesana nemauto eUS kana NATO achirwira nharaunda yeUkraine. Ukraine inoda kuve nhengo yeNATO zvakanyanya kuitira kuti ikwanise kukumbira Chisungo chechishanu chechibvumirano icho chinoti kana nyika yeNATO iri kurwiswa nepfuti, nhengo yega yega yeAlliance inoona chiitiko ichi chemhirizhonga sekurwisa nhengo dzese dzakashongedzerwa uye ichatora matanho sezvaanoona zvakakodzera, "kusanganisira kushandiswa kwemauto," kuti abatsire nyika yakarwiswa.

Nekudaro, Biden akange aziva nguva yese kuti kupa nhengo yeNATO kuUkraine yaive nzira yechokwadi yekuputira kondinendi yese yeEurope muhondo inoparadza. Izvi zvinogona kumanikidza Russia kushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya zvine hungwaru kuzvidzivirira pamubatanidzwa wenhengo dzeEuropean NATO neUS. Izvi ndizvo zvairehwa naTrump paakapomera Mutungamiri Zelensky kuda kutanga "Hondo Yenyika III."

Kusvika pakupokana kweveruzhinji pakati peVatungamiri VaTrump naZelensky pamusangano wavo wekupedzisira kuWhite House, VaTrump vaitevera mutemo waBiden. Kana, zvingave zvakanaka kutaura kuti Biden akatevera mutemo wakatarwa naTrump I manejimendi.

MUsiyano pakati peBIDEN neTRUMP

Ko mutemo waTrump wakasiyana here nedzidziso yeBiden? Mhinduro yechokwadi inofanira kuva NO.

Asi inosiyana mukuratidzwa uye kusiyana neBiden inotsvaga kugadzirisa kwezvematongerwo enyika dambudziko.

Panosiyana naVaTrump kubva kuBiden ndechekuti iye neMunyori wake weDziviriro Hegseth vakagadzirira kutaura pachena izvo Biden Administration yaizongotaura pachivande mumisangano yakavharwa yemusuwo kune vanobatana nayo veNATO, kureva, (a) kuve nhengo yeNATO yakanga isiri sarudzo yeUkraine; uye (b) neUkraine, kana yaida kupera kwehondo, ichave nayo kuita territorial concessions. Asi VaBiden vanga vasingafarire kusvika pakugadzirisa zvematongerwo enyika nezvenyaya dzekuchengetedzwa kweRussia zviri pamutemo. Zvichipesana nehumbowo hwese huripo, Biden aitarisira kuti Russia yaizodonha muhupfumi vomhan'arira runyararo.

VaTrump vakaburitsa izvi zviviri zvakavandika zvemutemo waBiden paruzhinji nekuti akasarudzwa zvakare aine mvumo yekupedza Hondo yeUkraine-Russia. Trump haisi kutsigira mari yehondo; ikozvino yave hondo yekurwisa uko Ukraine inoziva kuti haigone kudzosa nharaunda yayo yakarasika nechisimba.

Russia inozivawo kuti kunyangwe ikabudirira kutora Ukraine, yaizotarisana nehondo dzemagandanga dzinouraya uye zviito zvekuparadza zvayakambosangana nazvo muAfghanistan. Zvimwe zvezviito izvi zvaizoitika mukati meRussia sekuurayiwa kwemukuru weRussia, Igor Kirillov (iye aitarisira mauto ekudzivirira kwenyukireya) pamberi peimba yake yeMoscow muna Zvita gore rapfuura yakaratidza. Ukraine haisi Afghanistan kana Chechnya. Inogovera miganhu nenhengo ina dzeNATO.

Zvinofanirwa kuve pachena parizvino kuti Trump anga asiri kuita chero chibvumirano kuRussia pasina kuwana chero chinhu. Akanga ari, nenzira yeTrumpian undiplomatic, achinyanya kutendeseka nevanhu veUkraine. Akanga achiudza vanhuwo zvavo vekuUkraine kuti rugare neRussia runosanganisirei. Chimwe chinhu icho vezvematongerwo enyika nevechiuto veUkraine vaive vazeza kuudza vagari vavo. Biden, kune rumwe rutivi, akange asina kugadzirira kubvisa dandemutande rekunyepedzera kwaakatsausa vanhuwo zvavo vekuUkraine.

VaTrump vakangopinza chokwadi mumamiriro ezvinhu. Nemamwe mashoko, kudzosa rimwe remapato ari kurwisana panyika. Kana uchida, zvinyorovedze.

Kana tichishuvira kutonga VaTrump pahwaro hwehumbowo chete uye tisingaregi rusaruro rwedu ruchikanganisa kufunga kwedu, tingaona zvakaoma kushoropodza gwara raTrump kana tichirienzanisa nedzidziso yeBiden. VaTrump vari kungoenderana nevagari veUS, Ukraine uye US vanobatana neNATO

VaTrump vane shungu dzekupedza hondo kuitira kuti zviwanikwa zvemari zviri kushandiswa kutsigira hondo yeUkraine zvishandiswe mudzimba kana kugadzirisa bharanzi reUS.

Nekudaro, vatsoropodzi vake vatadza kuona mutsauko wakakosha pakati paTrump nevamwe vese vakamutangira. Vamwe vese maPresident eUnited States, muhukama hwavo nevanodyidzana, vakachengeta nzvimbo dzavo dzekupokana uye zvibvumirano zvakakamurwa zvakasimba. Mutungamiri Trump haaiti izvozvo. Kuti azadzise chinangwa chake, Trump akagadzirira kudurura gakava kune ese maficha ehukama nenyika iyoyo (-ies).

HAKUNA PUTIN NOR TRUMP HAVASI VANHU CHAIVO

Kwete Trump kana Putin ndivo vapambi chaivo. Vapambi chaivo vane mhosva yehondo iyi ndeavo vezvematongerwo enyika nevakuru vakuru vane marongero nezviito zvakakonzera kuwedzera kweNATO uye nenzira uye mumamiriro ezvinhu avakasarudza kuita kuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva.

Bhuku raProfessor Mary Sarotte, "Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of Post-Cold War Stalemate," ine nhoroondo yakanaka kwazvo yekuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva.

Sarotte munyori wenhoroondo wekuAmerica wepashure peCold War era paJohns Hopkins University. Bhuku rake rakakurudzirwa serimwe remabhuku akanakisa emutemo wekunze ne Zvekune dzimwe nyika muna 2021 uye yakanyorwa serimwe reMabhuku Akanaka Kuverengwa ne Financial Times muna 2022.

Sarotte inoratidza kuti Bill Clinton's Secretary of Defense US William Perry naGeneral John Shalikashvili vakakurudzira kuti chirongwa cheKudyidzana kweRunyararo chiendeswe kuRussia kubatanidza iyo yekupedzisira muEuropean kuchengetedzwa kwekuvaka. Yeltsin aifarira kubatanidzwa uku. Aida kuti Russia ibatane nemasangano akadai seNATO, G7, OECD, WTO neParis Club, nezvimwewo. Akaona Kudyidzana kweRunyararo kwakarongwa senzira yakakwana yekuzadzisa chinangwa ichi.

Asi chirongwa chePerry naShalikashvili chakabva chapfurwa nenyuchi dzeRussia dzakadai saMadeleine Albright, Antony Lake, Richard Holbrooke, etc. Pakutanga, Clinton aifarira kubatanidzwa uku; pakupedzisira, akazvibvumira kutungamirirwa nehove dzeRussia. Clinton akabva apa mvumo kuNATO kutora nyika dzaimbova dzechibvumirano cheWarsaw. Munguva ya1995-99, hutongi hwaClinton hwakatevera kuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva zvine hukasha.

CLINTON AKAURAYA DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS MURUSSIA

NATO yakaunza nyika dzekuMabvazuva neCentral Europe mukutenderera kwayo panguva iyo Russia yaive mune zvehupfumi uye nezvematongerwo enyika pamhino. Ruble yanga ichirasikirwa nekukosha kana ichienzaniswa nedhora rekuAmerica zuva nezuva. Masherufu ezvitoro zvikuru muMoscow akanga asina chinhu. Hurumende yeRussia haina kukwanisa kubhadhara mari dzemudyandigere nezvimwe zvekubatsirikana kuvagari vayo vakwegura uye varwi vehondo nenguva.

Russia yakanzwa kunyadziswa payaiona nyika dzekuMabvazuva nepakati peEurope nenyika dzeBaltic dzichinyengerwa kuti dzibatane neNATO. Yainzwa kurerutswa.

Sarotte anotora Odd Arne Westad (munyori wenhoroondo wekuNorway anodzidzisa nhoroondo yemazuva ano yeEastern Europe paYale University) kupfupisa mamiriro acho. Westad akanyora mubhuku rake ra2017, Hondo Yemashoko: Nhoroondo Yenyika: “Madokero aifanira kubata neRussia zviri nani mushure meHondo Yemashoko kupfuura zvayakaita.

Musi wa20 Ndira 2006 muBudapest, makurukota ezvekudzivirirwa kwenyika dzeCentral European NATO akapa chirevo chakabatana, icho chakataura kuti vakagadzirira. kutsigira kupinda kweUkraine muNATO.

Musi wa27 Kubvumbi 2006, pamusangano weNATO makurukota ekunze, James Appathurai (uyo aimiririra Munyori Mukuru weNATO) akataura kuti nhengo dzese dzemubatanidzwa dziri kufarira kukurumidza kubatanidzwa kweUkraine muNATO.

US, mukufara kwekukunda Hondo Yemashoko, yakakanganwa kuti nyika dzakaita seRussia, China, neIndia, nekuda kwehukuru hwadzo uye kugona kwemauto, dzaizogara dzichiita basa rakakosha padanho repasi rose. Zvinetso zvavo hazvigoni kufuratirwa nokusingaperi.

Mukati mukati meRussia, kuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva kwakaderedza simba re-pro-Western liberal movement uye yakatamba mumaoko evanhu vakaoma nyika vakaita saPutin. Nekudaro, iyo US yakadzikira pasi pazasi chinangwa chayo chekutanga chekusimudzira masangano anotungamira kune demokrasi yeRussia.

Iyo Clinton White House yakanga isiri kungobatikana nekuwedzera kwekumabvazuva kweNATO. Muna 1999, iyo yekupedzisira akatanga chirongwa chemazuva 78 chendege (inonzi Operation Allied Force) kurwisa Federal Republic yeYugoslavia. Kuvhiya uku kwakauya sekuvhundutsa vanhu vekuRussia nekuti hakuna kubvumidzwa neUN.

Panguva iyoyo, Russia yakanga isina simba uye pasi pehutungamiri husina simba hwaYeltsin (uyo panguva ino akanga achirwara zvikuru nenhoroondo dzose). Yakazviwana imene kuva muoni asingabetseri.

Operation Allied Force yakapa chimwe chikonzero kune vemunyika kuti vapikise NATO, kunyanya kufamba kwayo kumabvazuva. Sirogani yevamiriri venyika yaive "Nhasi Belgrade, mangwana Moscow."

Kune rimwe divi, veRussia vezvematongerwo enyika havafungi kuti kutyisidzira kwekupararira kwenyukireya kwakakonzerwa nekudonha kweSoviet Union kwaivewo chinhu chakakonzera kuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva. Asi iyo US nevabatsiri vayo veNATO vaive vakanganisa kudzikamisa zvachose maonero evanhu vakaita saPutin uye nechisimba pamusoro pavo. Vanhu ava vakaona kuparara kweSoviet Union uye nekuwedzera kweNATO kumabvazuva senjodzi kana njodzi isingagadzirisike.

Muchidimbu, US neNATO vakawana zvavakaronga kuita, asi havana kutamba zvematongerwo enyika nemazvo. IUS nevadyidzani vayo vekuEurope vakaratidza kushomeka kwehunyanzvi hwekuona mukuita kwegwaro rayo. Vakanga vachida zvikuru kushandisa mukana weRussia yakashata. Iko kukanganisa uku kwauya kuzovashungurudza nenzira yekurwisana kweUkraine.

TRUMP: MUREvereri Akatendeka

Pane humwe hunhu hunosiyanisa Trump kubva munzira yeBiden Administration uye vazhinji vatungamiriri venyika dzeNATO vakananga Kyiv.

Trump inoda kugumisa hondo iyi nekukurumidza. Saka, kusiyana nemaitiro eUS mune mamwe matambudziko, VaTrump vari kuzviratidza semuyananisi asina kwaakarerekera. Haasi kusundira ajenda yeUkraine kana kufarira Putin. Panguva imwe cheteyo, akagadzirira kuisa dzvinyiriro ipi neipi yaanogona kuita pamativi ose ari maviri ari kurwisana kuti avaunze patafura yekurukurirano.

Akange akatsiurwa zvakanyanya nekutaura kuti Ukraine, kunyangwe isina makadhi, zvakadaro 'zvakanyanya kuoma kubata nazvo' kupfuura Russia. VaTrump vanodaro nezvikonzero zviviri: (a) Mutungamiri weUkraine Zelensky akataura kakawanda kuti aida kuti US idaro “mira zvakasimba kudivi redu", kureva kuti, usave mutengesi akatendeseka. Akataura manzwiro akafanana panguva yemusangano wake wakashata naTrump musi wa28 Kukadzi.

VaTrump vakatarisana nekushoropodzwa nekukumbira Ukraine kusaina hupfumi hwayo hwechicherwa kuUS. Mukupesana nezvinodavirwa zvakafara, zvakanga zvakadaro pakutanga Zelensky pfungwa, yakagadzirwa gore rakapera. Chinangwa chayo chaive chekukwezva US kusaina kuongororwa kwemaminerari uye kugadzira mabhizimusi akabatana. Mari yakaunganidzwa nenzira iyi yaigona kuzoshandiswa kutsigira hondo yeUkraine. Ukraine yakafungawo kuti US yaizowana chibvumirano ichi chinoyevedza zvekuti VaTrump vangave vakagadzirira kunyora kuchengetedzwa kweUkraine kana paine hondo yeramangwana neRussia.

Asati ashanyira White House muna Kukadzi 28, achitaura nezve mukana wekuti US inogona kusapa vimbiso yekuchengetedza, Zelensky akati, "handisi kusaina chimwe chinhu iyo ichafanirwa kubhadharwa nezvizvarwa nezvizvarwa zveUkraine. "

Trump haizopa vimbiso yakadaro nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri: (a) ichakanganisa chinzvimbo chake semutongi asina kwaakarerekera, uye (b) Trump anoda kugadzirisa kusawirirana uku nekuti anoda kubvisa US kubva mukukonana uku. Anofunga kuti kukakavara kwatanga nekuti nhengo dzeEuropean dzeNATO hadzina kushandisa mari yakakwana pane zvavanoda zvekuchengetedza uye dzave kusununguka-kutasva US.

Akatotaura kakawanda kuti kana Russia ikasapindura zvakanaka pakuedza kwake runyararo, saka aizoisa zvirango zvehupfumi zvakanyanya kuoma kuRussia.

CHINA NDIYE NZOU MUMUMBA

Muna 2021, mushure mekunge Mutungamiri Biden abvisa mauto eUS kubva kuAfghanistan. Biden akashoropodzwa nemativi ese ezvematongerwo enyika. Ini ndaive mumwe wevashoma vatsinhi avo akatsigira danho raBiden. Ndakanyorawo nhevedzano yezvinyorwa nezve 'hondo yekutya' yeEUREporter. Muchinyorwa changu chakanzi “China ndiyo yakabatsirikana zvikuru muhondo ye "nekusingaperi" muAfghanistan” iyo yakaonekwa pano munaGunyana 21, 2021, ndakanongedza kuti China ndiyo yakabatsirwa zvikuru nepo US yakakanganiswa kurwisa 'hondo yehugandanga.' Makore iwayo akabvumira China kuti igadzirise mapapiro ese emauto ayo edziviriro nekuwedzera saizi yebhajeti rayo rekudzivirira uye nekubira tekinoroji kubva kuUS nevanodyidzana nayo.

Kupfuurirazve, mukati memakore aBush naObama, China yakasimudzira hushamwari hwakadzama chinyararire pakati penyika dzeSouth Pacific, muAfrica neLatin America (kusanganisira Panama) neGreece iri panjodzi yeupfumi (muEurope). China zvakare yakaramba ichibatanidza hupfumi hwenyika dzeSouth Asia (kureva, ASEAN) muhupfumi hwayo.

VaObama vakagadzira East Asia Strategy, iyo panguva yetemu yake yechipiri yakagadziridzwa zvishoma uye yakadzokororwazve "Pivot kuEast Asia" dunhu redunhu. Yaifanirwa kumiririra shanduko yakakosha mumutemo wekunze weUnited States uye kuzorora kubva panguva yeBush Jr.

Asi mukuita, hazvina kuita zvakawanda nekuti hutongi hwaObama hwakanga huchiri kusungwa muIraq neAfghanistan. Uye zvakabva zvabatikana mukurakanisa kweRibhiya neSyria. Hapana kana mumwe munhu asina kukodzera akapihwa mubairo weNobel Peace Prize kupfuura Obama. Zvichida kunze kwaHenry Kissinger.

Zvakasiiwa kuTrump I Administration kugadzira mutemo unoshanda weChina. Trump panguva yake yekutanga akaedza kuve neChina munzira mbiri (a) nekuyedza kudzikisira mwero wekukura kwehupfumi nekushandisa mutero (akabatsirwa mubasa rake nedenda reCovid-19) uye (b) nekutadzisa kukura kwayo tekinoroji nekurambidza kufambiswa kwehunyanzvi padanho rekutengesa nekusapa Nvidia rezinesi uye vamwe vanogadzira chip kubva pakutengesa mamwe marudzi emhando dzemachipisi kuenda kuChina makambani edzidzo. Vadzidzi veChinese kubva kutsvaga zvinzvimbo muUS dzidzo masangano.

Kunyangwe hazvo VaBiden vakateedzera mutemo waTrump weChina, nzira yaakatevera nayo Hondo yeRussia-Ukraine, akabvisa basa rakaoma rakawanda rakaitwa nehutongi hwaTrump kuti rive neChina.

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mutemo waBiden weUkraine, kureva, kuramba kwake kuona kukosha kwekuunza kusawirirana uku kugadzirisa nekukurumidza, kwakava nechokwadi chekudyidzana kwepedyo pakati peRussia neChina pamatanho ese aungafungidzirwe: ehupfumi, tekinoroji, uye zvematongerwo enyika. Biden akave musungwa wezvaakange adzidza panguva yakakwira Hondo Yemashoko, kureva kuti, Soviet Union yaive humambo hwakaipa uye inofanira kunge irimo nechero muripo. Akatadza kunzwisisa kukosha kwekuputsika kweUSSR muna Zvita 1991; zvino China yakanga iri mhandu anotyisa, uye nguva iyoyo yakanga isiri kudivi reUS. Kusada kwake kwaPutin kwakamboitawo basa mazviri.

Kuomerera kwaBiden pakuona Russia neteresikopu yake yeCold War uye kuramba kwake kubvuma zviri pamutemo kuchengetedzeka kweRussia kwawedzera kuderera kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza iyo US yakatarisana nayo izvozvi. Mutemo wake wakamanikidza Russia kuumba mubatanidzwa unopokana neUS kwete neChina chete, asiwo neNorth Korea neIran.

Muna Kukadzi 2022, Russia neChina dzakasaina a "hapana miganhu" kubatana chibvumirano chekushandira pamwe mune zvematongerwo enyika, zveupfumi, uye zvechiuto. Musi waChivabvu 16, gore rapfuura, kushandira pamwe uku kwakawedzera kusimbaradzwa apo nyika mbiri idzi dzakaita mhiko a "Nguva itsva" yekubatana yakanangana chete neUnited States.

Saizvozvo, muna Mbudzi 9, 2024, Putin akasaina chibvumirano cheNorth Korea-Russia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty kuita mutemo, uye Kim Jong Un akasaina chisungo chekusimbisa zvakafanana musi wa11 Mbudzi 2024.

Vaverengi vanogona kuyeuka kuti Mutungamiri Obama pavakataurirana Yakabatana Inonzwisisika Chirongwa Chekuita (JCPOA) neIran musi wa14 Chikunguru 2015, chibvumirano chekumisa chirongwa chenyukireya cheIran mukudzorera kubviswa kwezvimwe zvirango zvehupfumi, Russia yakaita basa rakakosha.

Hazvifanirwe kuve zvakaoma kune chero muverengi kuti aone kana mutemo waBiden wakasimbisa China, Iran neNorth Korea kana kuvanetesa.

Zvingave zvisirizvo kududzira chishuwo cheMutungamiri Trump chekugumisa hondo yeUkraine sekushamwaridzana nemudzvanyiriri ane hutsinye Putin nekuti VaTrump pachavo vane hutongi hwehutongi maari.

Panzvimbo iyoyo, VaTrump vanoona kugadziriswa kweUkraine - Hondo yeRussia sechinhu chinodiwa kuti ive neChina. Anotenda nekubatsira Putin kuti apedze hondo (iyo yasvika kwamvura yacheka makumbo) maererano nemashoko apo Putin anogona kutora kukunda kwechiso uye nekukoka Russia kuti idzoke kuG7 kirabhu, ane mukana wekurwa wekugadzira wedge pakati peChina neRussia kana zvishoma kuderedza kushanda pakati peChina neRussia, kunyanya mune zvekudzivirira teknolojia.

KUTUNGAMIRIRA TAFURA: KUSIPO KWEEEUROPEAN ALLIES NEUKRAINE

Trump anga ariwo vachizvidzwa zvikuru nekuda kwekusabatanidza Ukraine uye chero yevabatsiri vayo vekuEurope muchikwata chake chekutaurirana. Kusabviswa kwavo kwakashandiswa kubvunza kugona kwake kuita dhiri.

Izvi zvakadaro kunyangwe vese VaTrump neMunyori wavo wekunze, VaMarco Rubio, vataura kuti pazvinenge zvakakodzera, Ukraine nenyika dzeEurope dzichaudzwa muchidimbu, zvadzinotsvakwa, nekutariswa. Chokwadi ndechekuti Rubio naTrump's National Security Advisor, Michael Waltz, vakasangana kwemaawa masere nenhumwa yeUkraine muJeddah munaKurume 11 (nguva pfupi mushure memusangano wakashata pakati paZelensky naTrump) inotaura zvakawanda nezve kutendeseka kwekutonga kwaTrump uye chishuwo chaTrump chekushanda semutengesi akatendeseka. Iyo Trump Administration II inofanirwawo kurumbidzwa nekuramba yakanamatira kuhurongwa hwayo pamberi peiyo yakanyanyisa inzwi uye yakakura kwazvo yekuUkraine kutambira mukati meUS neEurope.

Mamwe mapoinzi maviri muchidimbu nezve zano raTrump.

Chekutanga, kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti Ukraine ndeimwe yemapato ari kurwa uye yakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya kumidziyo yayo, semuenzaniso, zvivakwa zvemauto, migwagwa, mabhiriji, zvipatara, nzvimbo dzekugara, nezvimwewo, uye yakarasikirwa nezviuru zvemasoja ayo pamwe ne20-25% yenzvimbo yayo, asi chokwadi chakaoma ndechekuti Ukraine yaive proxy yeBiden. Yakanga iri uye inoramba iri hondo yekusarudza kuUkraine.

Muna 2022, Türkiye akabvumira chibvumirano pakati peRussia neUkraine. Matemo echibvumirano ichi aifarira zvakanyanya kuUkraine kupfuura chero chibvumirano chekumisa pfuti chachaizosaina neRussia. Isu tava kuziva kuti Biden akatumira Victoria Nuland kuKyiv kukanganisa chibvumirano uye akakurudzira Ukraine kurwa neRussia. Pasina rubatsiro rwemari nerwemauto (maererano nehurongwa hwezvombo uye kugoverana kwehungwaru) kubva kuUS, Ukraine haigone kurwa neRussia kwemwedzi inopfuura mishoma, kunyangwe vadyidzani vayo vekuEurope vakatsigira Ukraine kusvika pakukwanisa kwavo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuda kwehukuru uye zvipingaidzo zvekugona izvo nhengo dzese dzeEuropean NATO dzinosangana nazvo.

Zvinoreva kuti mapato maviri chete ane pfungwa dzakakosha mugakava iri iUS neRussia. Vadyidzani vekuEurope veUS neUkraine mapato ari pamutemo pakurwisana uku. Asi ivo havana zviwanikwa zvekumanikidza kuda kwavo kunze kwekunge vakwanisa kunyengerera US kuti itange kurwisa kwakazara kweRussia. Zvakanakisisa zvavanogona kutarisira kuunza nyaya dzavo kuUS uye vanotarisira kuti zvinovanetsa zvichacherechedzwa.

Chechipiri, zvinonyatsonyorwa kuti kana mapato akawanda ari patafura yenhaurirano, zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti pawane sarudzo.

KUTyisira kune MITEMO-BASED ORDER

Kuedza kweRussia kutora matunhu mana ekumabvazuva kweUkraine (oblasts) yakashorwa sekutyisidzira kumitemo-yakavakirwa kurongeka iyo West yakaedza kumisikidza kubva Hondo Yenyika II. Kutaura zvazviri, hapana divi rine maoko akachena.

Muchidimbu, ndinongotaura nezvezviitiko zvitatu zveakawanda apo nyika dzekuMadokero hadzina kutevedzera kurongeka kwayo: (a) sezvataurwa pamusoro peUS neNATO havana kumbotsvaga mvumo yeUN yemazuva makumi manomwe nemasere ekubhomba kwemhepo kuSerbia; (b) kupinda muIraq neMutungamiri Bush Jr. vachinyepera kubvisa “zvombo zvinoparadza vakawanda” hakuna kumbobvumirwa neUN; uye (c) Kutsigira kusingazungunuke kwaBiden kuIsrael uku iyo yekupedzisira yaityora mitemo yakawanda yekupinda munzvimbo dzine makakatanwa nekuuraya mazana evagari zuva rega rega muGaza Strip uye vaishandisa nzara nekubhomba muzvipatara nezvimwe zvivakwa zvevanhu nezvivakwa zvekugara, nezvimwewo semidziyo yehondo. Ndinokurumidza kuwedzera pano kuti ndinoshora mumashoko akasimba zvakaitwa neHamas musi wa7 Gumiguru 2023. Icho chaiva chiito chinosemesa icho Hamas ingadai yakaziva kare kuti yaizokuvadza vaPalestine. Zvakadaro, chokwadi chinoramba chiripo chekuti mhinduro yeIsrael yakaita zviito zvisiri pamutemo zvakawanda zuva rega rega uye mhinduro yavo yakanga isina kuenzana sezvanga iri chirongwa chayo chekugadzirisa maJuda muPalestine mukati memakumi mashanu emakore apfuura kana zvakadaro (nerutsigiro rwechinyararire rweUS).

Saizvozvo, zvakaitwa neRussia muGeorgia muna 2008 nekugara kwayo mudunhu reTransdniestrian reMoldova muna 2022 zvaipesana nemirairo-yakavakirwa kurongeka.

Hondo yeUKRAINE-RUSSIA: Ingapera sei

Kubva musarudzo dzaPresident Trump patsva, zvinhu zvanga zviri kufamba nekukurumidza panyaya iyi. Achisiya mhirizhonga yake yeruzhinji naZelensky, VaTrump vakakurukura nyaya iyi neBritish PM Starmer uye Mutungamiriri weFrance Macron. Anonzi akamboita hurukuro dzenhare naPutin. Vanachipangamazano vake, vachitungamirwa naRubio, vakaita hurukuro nevapi vezano veZelensky naPutin. Akanga ataurawo nevakawanda vekuEurope vanobatana neCanada.

Kunze kwemusangano waRubio nechikwata cheUkraine kwakabuda chikumbiro chekumisa pfuti. Steve Witkoff, shamwari yepedyo yaTrump uye mukuru wezvivakwa uyo akaita basa rakakosha mukutaurirana kumisa kurwa pakati peIsrael neHamas, akange zvino atumirwa kuMoscow kunotsvaga mhinduro yaPutin pachikumbiro ichi.

Vanhu vekuRussia vane ruzivo rwakanyanya mukutaurirana neUS. Uyezve, Putin naTrump vanozivana zvakanaka. Mushure mekuverenga chikumbiro ichi, ichiteverwa nenhaurirano dzake naWitkoff, hazvingave zvakaoma kuna Putin nevapangamazano vake kuti vaone kuti chingave chii chiri pasi peAmerican/Ukrainian. Putin anosungirwa kutora chikumbiro ichi zvakanyanya, asi achaedzawo kuchigadzirisa kuti chienderane nezvinangwa zvake zvehondo. Haasi kuzosaina pamitsetse ine madoti.

Zviviri zvezvinangwa zvake zvakatoita sekunge zvaitwa (zvishoma zvishoma): Ukraine yakanyimwa nhengo yeNATO panguva ino. Asi Putin angada kuti Ukraine itaure zvisina kujeka kuti haifi yakabatana neNATO uye kuramba iri nyika isina kwayakarerekera. Handifunge kuti Putin angapokana neUkraine kutsvaga nhengo yeEU.

Chikumbiro chaVaTrump chekumisa kurwa chinyararire nezvenzvimbo yakatorwa neRussia. Putin asati abvuma kumisa pfuti, aizoda kuita kwakajeka neUS neUkraine kuti matunhu mana ekumabvazuva (oblasts) akarasika anofanirwa kuzivikanwa sematunhu matsva eRussia.

Kubva 2022, iyo US nevabatsiri vayo veUkraine vane yakatemerwa zvirango zvinosvika 21,692 kuRussia. Izvo zvakanangana nezvizvarwa zveRussia, masangano enhau, chikamu chemauto, uye kumakambani anoshanda nesimba, kubhururuka nendege, kuvaka ngarava, kufambiswa kwemashoko, nezvimwewo. Asati asaina chero chibvumirano chekumisa kurwa, Putin angada nguva yakasimba yekuti zvizhinji zvezvirango izvi zvibviswe. Izvo zvakafanana zvinoenda kune midziyo yeRussia Central Bank iyo yakatorwa neWest.

Kuti awedzere kudzikisira chinzvimbo cheUkraine, Putin achaedza kutambanudza nhaurirano dzekumisa moto kudzamara mauto eRussia adzinga murwi wekupedzisira wekuUkraine kubva mudunhu reKursk.

Zviri mukuda kuti Ukraine igadzirise kusawirirana kwayo neRussia nekukasika nekuti nguva iri kudivi reRussia. Kana zviratidzo zviripo chiri chinhu chingapfuura, ipapo Ukraine inononoka kusvika pakubvumirana neRussia, ndipo painorasikirwa nenharaunda. Zelensky akashora Biden achiti akanyanya kungwarira, asi hapana mutungamiri weUS achatendera hondo iyi kuti isvike muhondo yeEurope yakazara. Mune mamwe mazwi, Madokero anogona kunge achida kupa zvombo uye makombora kuUkraine, asi iwo ese achapihwa mamiriro akaomarara kuti asazodenha Russia zvakare. Kumadokero kunoratidza Russia yakaratidza kuzvidzora kwakawanda mukukonana uku.

Hapana anoziva kana Trump achabudirira kuunza runyararo kumuganhu weUkraine-Russia. Asi ini ndichapedzisa nekutaura kuti pese apo hondo inosvika kumagumo ichagadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa neRussia kupfuura Ukraine. Uye zvichasiirwa kune vekuUkraine kuti vaite nharo dzekuti hondo iyi yaive yakakodzera kurwa here.

Mativi ese ari maviri achafanirwa kuita zvibvumirano. Kunyangwe kukurumidza kuri kudivi raPutin, asi chinhu chakanyanya kuoma icho Putin achafanira kutaurirana kuumbwa kwemauto anochengetedza runyararo, richave basa ravo, uye pasi pemureza wavanozoshanda muUkraine. Saizvozvo, chinhu chakaomesesa kuna Zelensky chingave kuendesa hutongi pamusoro pechikamu cheUkraine. Zelensky aigona kushandisa vimbiso yake yekusarerekera sechinhu chebargaining chip pane ichi chibodzwa.

Vidya S. Sharma inopa zano vatengi panjodzi yenyika uye tekinoroji-yakavakirwa kubatana. Akapa zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvemapepanhau ekunyepedzera akadai se: The Canberra Times, The Sydney Morning Herald, Age (Melbourne), Australian Financial Review, The Economic Times (India), Bhizinesi Standard (India), EU Mutori wenhau (Brussels), East Asia Foramu (Canberra), The Business Line (Chennai, India), Nguva yeHindustan (India), The Financial Express (India), The Daily Caller (US. Anogona kufonerwa pa: [email inodzivirirwa].

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