Zvinopfuura bhiriyoni imwe yemadhora eZvikwereti zvaMykola Lahun Zvinogona Kuendeswa kune Mauto Ane mauto eUkraine.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekushomeka kwemari yehondo nemagariro uye kuvimba nerubatsiro rwemari yekune dzimwe nyika, hurumende yeUkraine haishandise mikana yese yekuwedzerazve hupfumi hwenyika - inoshuma. EU Nhasi.

Imwe sosi yakadaro inogona kunge iri midziyo yeUkraine oligarchs vanga vachibvisa mari kubva munyika kwemakore 10-15 apfuura. Semuenzaniso, kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nemabasa eaimbova muridzi weDelta Bank Mykola Lahun (pamufananidzo) inofungidzirwa pamadhora 1.2-1.4 bhiriyoni. Pane kudaro, hurumende inoratidzika isina hanya nekuita kwakadaro, chaizvoizvo kushivirira kuedza kudzivisa kubhadhara chikwereti.

Pakupera kwaApril 2024, iyo yakazozivikanwa nezve kuendeswa kuUkraine kwekutanga batch yerubatsiro rwemauto kubva kuhurumende yeUS sechikamu chepasuru hombe inokosha $61 bhiriyoni. 

Mutengo webatch ungangoita $1 bhiriyoni. Zvaisanganisira zvombo zvekudzivirira mhepo, zvombo zveHIMARS, TOW anti-tank missiles, Javelin anti-tank systems uye anti-tank grenade launchers, Bradley nedzimwe motokari dzehondo, HMMWVs uye motokari dzinotsigira zvinhu, high-precision aviation ammunition, airfield support. midziyo, migodhi, midziyo yekutsvaira zvimbambaira, midziyo yekuona husiku, pfuti yemuchina uye dzimwe pfuti, masipari, nezvimwe. 

Urwu rudungwe rurefu runopa nzwisiso inofungidzirwa yehuwandu hwezvombo zvinogona kutengwa nemadhora bhiriyoni. Imwe neimwe bhiriyoni yakadaro yakakosha kuUkraine nhasi.

Panzvimbo pezvo, kuva nemukana wokugamuchira mari yakafanana uye zvichida yakatokura zvikuru nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvehondo kupfurikidza nokubhadharwa kwezvikwereti zvomumwe wema<em>tycoon, zviremera zvinoratidzika kuva zvinofuratira. 

Nyaya iyi inobata nyaya yepamusoro-soro yeaimbova muridzi weDelta Bank, muzvinabhizimisi Mykola Lahun, uyo akakonzera kurasikirwa kwemadhora mabhiriyoni 1.2 kuUkraine munguva kubva pakutanga kwe2010 uye iye zvino akavanda muAustria. 

Panzvimbo pekuunganidza zvikwereti kubva kuLahun, matare eUkraine nenzira yakarongeka anomutungamira mukubhuroka kwake - maitiro matsva anobvumira kubvisa zvishoma kana kubvisa zvachose zvikwereti zvemunhu uye muchokwadi - mune yaLahun - kuendesa kumapfudzi evateresi.

Lahun ndiyo yechipiri yakakura sosi yekukuvadza kuhurumende mushure mekupokana oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky. 

Nekudaro, kana kubva pakutanga kwema1990, muridzi wePrivat Group aine midziyo muchikamu chaicho chehupfumi, kusanganisira mafuta negasi, metallurgical, maindasitiri emigodhi, ipapo mubhengi Lahun akanyatso wedzera bhavhu rake rekubiridzira chete pahwaro hwemari. kushungurudzwa. 

Panguva imwecheteyo, akatanga kuvanza zvinhu zvake munzvimbo dzekuMadokero kubva pakupera kwema2000 uye akazviita nounyanzvi, kwete pasina rubatsiro rwehutungamiri hweNational Bank yeUkraine (NBU). Zvirongwa zvake zvakasvika pakakwirira panguva yehutungamiri hwaViktor Yanukovych. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza imwe nyaya yakadai, inova risiti yemari, iyo inopa pfungwa yehuwandu hwakashandiswa naLahun mumakore aya.

Lahun ndiani uye anopomerwa chii?

"Kusimuka uye kubhuroka kweDelta Bank kunowanzotsanangurwa nenzira mbiri. Imwe nyaya ndeyemuzvinabhizinesi ane hunyanzvi aive asina rombo rakanaka. Imwe yacho ndeyeboka remakororo avo, kusvika mukana wakakodzera, vakabudirira kutevedzera basa rebhangi rinokura, "chinyorwa cheUkraine cheForbes. akanyora nezveLahun munaGunyana 2020, vachirondedzera nyaya yemuzvinabhizimusi.

Maererano nebhuku racho, mukutanga kwe2000s, Lahun aiva ne10% yeUkrsotsbank, apo mukuwasha weaimbove mutungamiri weUkraine Leonid Kuchma, Viktor Pinchuk, akaitenga kubva kune imwe oligarch, Valeriy Khoroshkovsky. 

Akakweretawo mari kubva kuPinchuk kuti agadzire yake pachake sangano rezvemari. Delta Bank yakatangwa muna 2006 nekubheja pamusika wePOS zvikwereti pa50-80 muzana pagore muzvitoro zvemidziyo yemumba. 

Mushure mekutambudzika kwe2008, pazvakanyanya kuoma kuburitsa zvikwereti zvakadaro, Lahun akatanga kuvaka muenzaniso webhangi "rakajairika" nekutenga mamwe masangano emari. 

Semuenzaniso, muna 2010, nenzira iyi iyo American corporation Cargill yakava mugoveri weDelta Bank - yakashanda neUkrprombank, iyo Lahun yakatenga. Mushure mezvo, akawanawo Kreditprombank yepakati-kati, iyo yaifanirwa kunge iri yekupasa kwake kune vatengi vemakambani kubva kuDonbas (iyo indasitiri yemoyo yeUkraine), sezvo yaive yechipiri-tier tycoons ipapo. Gare gare, akatenga mamwe mabhangi akati wandei, achiunganidza zvikwereti. 

Lahun's Delta Bank yakava kopi chaiyo yeDelta Bank yeRussia nekuti yakasikwa padanho uye nemari yeRussia yekudyara homwe Icon Private Equity, iyo panguva iyoyo yaitungamirwa naKirill Dmitriev. Mazuva ano, Kirill Dmitriev mumwe wevakuru vakuru veRussia vari pedyo naPutin uye ari pasi pezvirango zveUS.

Matambudziko ekutanga akaonekwa pakarepo nekuputika kweRevolution of Dignity, apo vanoisa mari pavakatanga kutora mari yavo kubva kubhangi. Pakupera kwegore, hafu yechikwereti chechikwereti chakarongedzerwa seNPLs. 

Bhangi rakatanga kuwana refinancing kubva kuNBU. Mari yese yechikwereti cheNBU yaive 9 bhiriyoni hryvnas. Hafu yemari yakashandurwa kuita mari yekunze ikaendeswa kunze kwenyika. Mushure mekugara kweCrimea, zvikwereti zvevatengi ikoko zvakarasika. Mhedzisiro imwechete yakamirira portfolio yebhangi muDonbas.

Pasinei nekudyidzana neCargill, mamiriro ezvinhu akawedzera, bhangi harina kuwana mari yekuzvivandudza. Delta Bank yakaramba ichi "kuyamwa" refinancing kubva kuNational Bank. Mhomho yevanhu vaiisa mari iyi yakatanga kuungana pedyo nemahofisi ebhanga iri zvichitevera runyerekupe rwekusungwa kwaLahun. 

Pakupera kwaGumiguru 2014, iyo NBU yakazivisa bhanga kuti haina mari uye yakagadza mutariri. Bhanga reNyika rakanga rakagadzirira kuita bhanga renyika - paramende yeUkraine yakatogovera mari inosvika bhiriyoni imwe yemadhora ekudzoreredza mari. Zvisinei, matambudziko akanga akadzika zvokuti muna March 1 bhangi rakabviswa pamusika.

Kumwe kuferefeta kwakaratidza kuti Lahun nevatungamiriri vebhanga vanga vachinyengedza mutongi kubva 2011 nekugadzira akawanda emakambani ekunyepedzera ekumahombekombe kuti abvise mari. Mari yebhangi yakatenderwa yakawedzera papepa chete. Maakaundi epasi rose ebhangi akaburitswa muna 2013, nepo zvisimbiso zvenhema zvemari iripo zvakaendeswa kuNBU. 

Zvikwereti zvekushanda "zvakaputsika" nemadhipoziti makuru emakambani, nekuda kweiyo kodzero dzekukumbira zvikwereti zvakawanda muchikwereti chemortgage uye Oschadbank yakarasika, iyo yakazozivikanwa semutemo. Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakatengwa pasina ongororo yemagwaro. Kubvisa madhipoziti panguva yedambudziko, ivo "vakachekwa" kuita zvidiki. Kunyangwe pakupera kwa2014, bhanga rakaramba richibvisa mari kuburikidza nemasangano ekunze Bank Winter, Meinl Bank, uye Bank Frick.

Mufananidzo (kuruboshwe) unoratidza imwe yenyaya dzakadai, inova risiti yemari, iyo inopa pfungwa yehuwandu hwakashandiswa naLahun mumakore aya.

Zvinoenderana nefungidziro yeDeposit Guarantee Fund yeUkraine, kurasikirwa kwakazara kwakakonzerwa neDelta Bank neLahun nekuda kwekubhadharwa kwemari yebhangi nehomwe, isina kubhadharwa refinancing zvikwereti, zvikwereti zvakabviswa, zvikwereti kumabhangi enyika kubva muna 2019. zvakafungidzirwa paUAH 36 bhiriyoni (panguva iyoyo, inenge mabhiriyoni 1.4 emadhora). Huwandu hwekukuvadzwa, hunogona kutariswa zvichibva pane zvinoburitswa nenhau zvemidziyo yemhosva, inoenzana - inenge madhora bhiriyoni 1.2.

Maererano dhata yeUkraine edition NV, Lahun ine akati wandei mabhizinesi anoshanda muUkraine uye muCrimea asingadzorerwe nevakuru veUkraine. Semuenzaniso, nyaya ine chekuita nedzimba dzekugara muYalta, makambani ekurima, zviuru zvemahekita enzvimbo yekurima pedyo neSevastopol iyo yakanyoreswa pasi pemutemo weRussia. 

"Lahun aikwanisa kuchengetedza muridzi wevhu pamunda wakarejeswa, uye panguva imwe cheteyo asingarasikirwe nezvikamu zvekambani pachayo, chete kana aine (uye achine) chizvarwa cheRussia," vatori venhau veNV vakadaro. Mukuwedzera, maererano nedheta rezvinyorwa zvakazaruka, Lahun akabatana zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga nehuwandu hwemakambani akagadzirwa munguva kubva muna 2004 kusvika muna 2012 nekutora chikamu chake nehanzvadzi yake Antonina - aya mabhizinesi ekuvaka, kusimudzira, uye mari.

Nyaya yekubhuroka

Pasinei nokuti kushungurudzwa uye kukuvadza kwakakonzerwa naLahun kwakanga kwave kuchizivikanwa kwenguva refu, zvinhu zvake zvakasimbiswa chete mugore rechipiri rekurwisa kweRussia kuzere muUkraine. Hofisi yeMuchuchisi Mukuru weUkraine inotsigira kupomerwa kwehurumende mumatare makuru matatu, ayo akatumirwa kudare chete muna 2023. Izvo zvine chokuita nekubiwa kwemari yakawanda uye kubhadhara mutero. Mune imwe yenyaya - № 761/8406/23 - Lahun akazonzi aidiwa muna Gumiguru 2023 nekutadza kuuya mudare. Kunyangwe, semuenzaniso, mukuru webhodhi rebhangi rake, Olena Popova, anga ari pane yaidiwa rondedzero kubva 2017.

Lahun pachake haana kumira asina kuita chinhu. Muzhizha ra2023, akafunga kuzvizivisa kuti haana mari semunhu kuti asabhadhara zvikwereti zvese zvakakweretwa kune vakasiyana siyana. Chirevo chinoreva kusakwanisa kubhadhara zvikwereti zveUAH 7.7 bhiriyoni. Zvinotarisirwa kudzima zvikwereti muhuwandu hunosvika UAH 6 bhiriyoni, sezvo mamiriro emari aripo achinzi haabvumidze mubhangi kubhadhara zvikwereti.

Rondedzero yezvivakwa izvo Lahun anofunga kushandisa pakugara nevanokwereta anosanganisira dzimba uye zvivakwa zvevhu muCrimea, nzvimbo dzeminda muKyiv neChernihiv kumatunhu, kuchengetedzwa kwemakambani ane chekuita neDelta Bank, pamwe nekuunganidzwa kwewachi dzemaoko emhando dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira Omega, Panerai Luminor, Rolex, Greubel Forsey, Audemars Piguet, FP Journe, Girard Perregaux nevamwe. Mawachi mazana maviri nemakumi mana akabatwa mukati meimwe yemhosva. Pamusoro pe, zvinozivikanwa kubva munhau dzenhau kuti Lahun akawana basa muna 2022 uye anotamisa "muhoro" wake weUAH 14,000 pamwedzi kubhadhara chikwereti kuOschadbank yehurumende, inosvika UAH 4.5 bhiriyoni.

Nekudaro, zvinoita sekunge rondedzero yezvivakwa zvemubhadhari wemari inodzikisirwa zvakanyanya. Muna 2019-2020, Deposit Guarantee Fund yakahaya kambani yepasi rose DWF Law kuti itsvage midziyo yekunze yaLahun. Nekudaro, ivo vachange vakagadzirira kuzivisa mhedzisiro yebasa rayo chete kana paine gakava reruzhinji pamusoro pekubhuroka, uko homwe ichange iri bato. 

"Kare muna 2021, Iryna Venedyktova, uyo panguva iyoyo akabata chigaro chemuchuchisi mukuru, akazivisa kutorwa kwezvinhu zveLahun muhuwandu hunosvika UAH mamiriyoni 790. Kunyanya, nyaya yacho inobata minda ye200 munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeUkraine, uye $ 1 mamiriyoni zvakare "yakaoma" mubhangi reSwiss muakaundi yebhangi, ". mind.ua chinyorwa akati. Bhizinesi raLahun muCrimea uye munharaunda inodzorwa yeUkraine, iyo yakanyoreswa nehama dzake, ichiri kushanda.

Dare reEconomic Court reKyiv pakutanga rakaramba kuvhura nyaya nechikumbiro chaLahun. Zvisinei, Dare Repamusorosoro reMaodzanyemba - dare rechipiri - rakabviswa iyi sarudzo uye panzvimbo pacho vakafunga kuiendesa zvakare kuEconomic Court yeKyiv kuti iongororwe. 

Parizvino, nyaya yacho yakakumbirwa neDare reCassation reDare Repamusorosoro zvichibva pakunyunyuta kweNational Bank uye nebhangi renyika Ukrexim. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chechitatu chekukwidzwa. Chivabvu 28, 2024, Dare reCassation Akatanga kutongwa kwekubvumira nyaya yaLahun yekubhuroka kutanga ichimupa mukana wekudzima zvikwereti zvake. Mutongo wekupedzisira weDare uri kutarisirwa kuziviswa kupera kwaChikumi.

Kana nyaya yekubhuroka ikavhurwa, dare rinofanirwa kuunza kumisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevose vanokwereta, pamwe nekugadza maneja wekugadzirisa zvikwereti. 

Izvi zvinoreva kuti kudzoka kwezvikwereti zvinodarika bhiriyoni imwe nemazana maviri emadhora izvo Lahun zvino ane chikwereti kuhurumende yeUkraine uye izvo zvakakosha pakudzivirira uye nekuona kugadzikana kwemari mumamiriro ezvinhu ekugara uchivimba nerubatsiro rwemari yekune dzimwe nyika zvichatonyanya kunyengera. Panzvimbo pemidziyo chaiyo, nyika ichagamuchira "wachi chaiyo," inotaridzika sembama pachiso pane mhinduro chaiyo yenyaya yechikwereti.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti panguva imwecheteyo, magweta emubhadhari ari kuedza kushandisa izvo zvinonzi "Lozovoy amendments" (huwandu hwekugadzirisa kweCriminal Procedure Code yeUkraine yakarongwa naMP Andriy Lozovoy) kuvhara mhosva dzakawanda dzemhosva sezvinobvira zvichienderana nekupera kwemutemo wezvisingakwanisi pakuferefeta kwavo. hupenyu hwakanyarara kuMadokero mune ramangwana, shandisa midziyo yekunze uye pamwe kunyange kugadzira mabhizimisi matsva. Pashure pezvose, nhoroondo yake yeutsotsi ichacheneswa, uye mukurumbira wake unogona kuva usina ruvara zvakare.

Muenzaniso waOligarch Ihor Kolomoisky, uyo akaunzawo PrivatBank hombe kune nyika isati yabhuroka uye akapomerwa mhosva yekushungurudzwa kwemabhiriyoni emadhora, anoratidza kuti kuda kwezvematongerwo enyika kunokwanisa kuunza kumatare edzimhosva matsotsi emari akakura kupfuura Lahun. 

Mukuwedzera, iyo Ukrainian vezvenhau vakadzokorora akaratidza kune chokwadi chekuti masangano ekuchengetedza mutemo anokwanisa kuwana mhedzisiro yakakosha mune dzimwe nyaya, semuenzaniso, iyo yemurimi baron Oleh Bakhmatiuk, uyo zvakare akavanda muVienna. Sezvo vakuru vehurumende vakabatsirawo Lahun kubira bhanga nemari yenyika, hatigone asi kubvuma kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kuwedzera kwekuferefetwa kwenyaya iyi neNational Anti-Corruption Bureau yeUkraine kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya chinzvimbo cheaimbove mubhengi uye kuderedza njodzi dzekusiya izvi, kukurumidza kutsvaga nekutorwa kwemidziyo yenyika.

Saka, pakati pekutsvaga kutsva kwezvitsva zvekunze kwemari yekushomeka kwebhajeti hombe uye kudiwa kwemauto kwezvombo, mubvunzo unomuka, nei zviremera zveUkraine zvichinyatso kufuratira kuti aimbove muridzi weDelta Bank anotiza sei basa?

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