Sezvo iyo UK inochengeta kureba, kureba kubva kuEU, Switzerland inoswedera pedyo

Britain haisiriyo yega nyika ine dambudziko kuEuropean Union sezvo ichinetsekana nekunetsekana nekuita neTrump-Musk force-field inosvika muWashington, anonyora Denis MacShane.

Switzerland yakabatwa negakava reEU risingaperi.

Vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika veSwitzerland vari kuda kuziva kuti hurumende itsva yeBasa, uye ruzhinji rwevanopfuura mazana mashanu eMPs vese vanobva kumapato aipikisa Tory akatungamira 500 mushandirapamwe wekubuda muEurope, vachatanga kubatana neEurope yese.

MaSwiss hongu akabatanidzwa zvakanyanya muEurope kupfuura iyo insular United Kingdom. EU ndiyo inodyidzana zvikuru neSwitzerland. Mitatu yemitauro yekondinendi yeEurope - chiGerman, chiFrench nechiItaly - mitauro yepamutemo yeSwiss uye Switzerland yave nayo kwemakumi emakore. of facto musika wevashandi wakavhurika.

Nhasi mamirioni maviri nemazana mashanu evatorwa vanogara muSwitzerland - angangoita chikamu chimwe muzvishanu akaberekerwa munyika. Ndicho chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehuwandu hwevanhu.

Mune dzimwe nzira zvematongerwe enyika zvekutama kwevanhu muSwitzerland zvinoratidza izvo zveBritain. Vashandirwi veSwitzerland vanoziva kuti vanoda vashandi vekuEurope. Chikwata chenhabvu chenyika cheSwitzerland chinoenderana nevatorwa kubva kuKosovo neAlbania uye pasina vanachiremba veGerman uye vanamukoti vanobva kuEurope yese masevhisi ekurapa eSwitzerland angadonha.

Asi kusiyana nevakuru veBritish vakatya vezvematongerwo enyika vezvematongerwo enyika uye vanopesana neEuropean propagand vakaita saNigel Farage, Robert Jenrick, kana Daniel Hannam, mabhosi eSwiss anotora hurongwa hwemari nesimba kuti vakunde mareferendamu ayo anoda kuvhara miganhu nenzira yakaoma. Brexit yakatemerwa Britain muna 2020 uye kusvika parizvino haina kupokana nehurumende yeStarmer.

VaSwiss vane nhoroondo refu yezvematongerwo enyika ekure-kurudyi. Bazi guru rebato reNazi kunze kweGermany muma1930 raive muDavos. Vakuru veSwiss vakakumbira Berlin kuti adhinde "J" ane mukurumbira wakashata pamapasipoti emaJuda eGerman muma1930s kuitira kuti vaJudha vaitsvaga hupoteri kubva mukutambudzwa kweNazi vadzoserwe kumuganhu.

Kufanana neBritain muma1950 nema1960 Switzerland yakakurudzira kutama kwevanhu vakawanda kuti vaite basa rose munyika dzine nzara yekushanda. Kusiyana neBritain iyo yakapa hugari hwevagari vemo kuWindrush, vatorwa vekuIndia nePakistani vekuSwitzerland vakaedza kuvharidzira vabvakure kuti vasave vagari vekuSwitzerland mukutenda kwekufungidzira boka revashandi richangobva kusvika raizodzokera kumusha kunogara pasi pevadzvanyiriri kuSpain, Portugal kana Greece.

Nhasi zvematongerwo enyika zvinopesana neEurope zvinobhadhara zvematongerwo enyika muSwitzerland. Referendamu yeSwitzerland muna 1992 yakavhotera Kwete zvishoma kujoina European Economic Area. Vachitsigirwa neavo vanopikisa EU, vanopesana nevatorwa vanonzwa bato guru muParamende yeSwitzerland iSwiss People's Party (SVP) ine zvigaro makumi matanhatu nechimwe kubva pamazana maviri. MuchiFrench SVP yakapfava kuita Union of the Democratic Center (UDC).

SVP chikamu chekodzero itsva dzeurudzi dzinomiririrwa muvavakidzani vese veSwitzerland - France, Italy, Austria neGermany. Zvakadaro gangaidzo rezvinonzi nemunyori John Lloyd "Rudyi Itsva" ndechekuti Le Pen, Meloni, neGerman vanotaura vakarurama havasi kupikisa EU nenzira ipi zvayo yakakosha. Tarisiro yevanopesana neEuropean rightists (uye vamwe vari kuruboshwe rwenyika) muBritain kuti Europe ichasimuka kuti iparadze kudyidzana kweEurope yaratidza kusafara.

KuSwitzerland, SVP yepamusorosoro populist ideologue, Roger Köppel, mutori wenhau akasiya chigaro chake cheparamende uye azvipira kutaura kwake. hunyanzvi hwekusimudzira AfD, bato rakanyanyisa rekurudyi rekuEast Germany rinoita chakavanzika chidiki cheshuviro yaro yezvikamu zveThird Reich.

Berne akagamuchira mizhinji yemitemo yeEU uye mumareferendamu gumi nematanhatu akatevera muSwitzerland chinzvimbo chepro-European chakahwina mune ese kunze kwevatatu.

Brussels yakaneta nekutaurirana kusingaperi mazana ezvibvumirano zvekutengeserana neBern. Zvakadaro EU inoda 1.39 bhiriyoni maEuro anoshandiswa kusimudzira zvifambiso muPoland iyo Swiss yakabhadharwa.

Bato reSwitzerland People's Party, rinoshora zvakanyanya EU. Yakawana mavhoti akawanda musarudzo dzemubatanidzwa muna 2023 - 28% - asi mapato arikuda chibvumirano chinoita kuti Switzerland irambe iri chikamu chemhuri yenyika dzeEuropean anosanganisira Social Democrats (bato rehanzvadzi yaLabour) pa18%, maRiberals pa14%, Center yegumi nemana neGreen Liberals, uye Green Party ine vhoti iri pasi pegumi muzana.

Saka nepo Swiss People's Party iri bato hombe muParamende kune ruzhinji rwakajeka rwevamiriri vemitemo veSwitzerland vasingade kujoinha Britain yakasarudzika seEU-inovenga democracy.

Izvo zvinodikanwa neEU zvakabatanidzwa mune inoshamisa jargon mutsara - "simba rekugadzirisa". Zvinoreva kuti maSwiss anofanirwa kubvuma kuwiriranisa mitemo yavo yekutengeserana, tsika dzekuchengetedza, kuremekedza mitongo yeECJ, uye rusununguko rwekufamba neEU. Berne akatobatana neSchengen uye veSwitzerland vanotora chikamu muzvirongwa zveyunivhesiti yeHorizon neErasmus izvo Labor ichiri kuramba kugamuchira.

Chibvumirano chazvino chinogona kupfuudzwa neSwitzerland National Council - iyo yakaenzana neImba yeCommons - asi yozoendeswa kureferendamu inotorwa nyore nemapato ezvematongerwo enyika muSwitzerland.

Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemabatirwo evashandi vekuSwitzerland. EU inoramba iri pamwoyo chikamu cheDavos elite consensus system yekufambisa nyika kubva pakadonha Soviet communism makore makumi matatu nemashanu apfuura.

Vashandirwi veSwiss vakaita sevanofanana navo vekuBritain kana vekuAmerica vanoda kuhaya uye kupisa moto pamadiro evashandi kuti vaunze purofiti yavo. Pasinei neEuropean Social Charter, EU haina kukwanisa kupa rubatsiro rwakakwana kune vashandi veEurope vasiri yunivhesiti vakadzidza. Saka kumukira kwaEmmanual Macron's Davos yakasununguka chirongwa chakatungamira kune anti-EU Marine Le Pen kubuda nezvigaro zvakawanda muNational Assembly.

Kana maSwiss masangano evashandi maererano nevatungamiriri vakaita saAdrian Wüthrich, akamboshanda muparamende yeSwitzerland uye zvino achimhanyisa imwe yemaviri makuru emubatanidzwa weSwitzerland, Travail Suisse, "vanonzwa kuti EU iri kungoisa chimiro chepro-boss modhi kupfuura ivo. uye vatsigiri vegutsaruzhinji vachavhota Kwete mune chero referendamu. "

National Councillor (MP) Barbara Schaffner anosimbisa ongororo yaWüthrich. Anotaurira bato reGreen Liberal, bato rinotsigira EU asi iro rinosimbirira kuti EU inofanirwa kuve negwara rekubatsira nekutsigira vashandi pamwe nemasabhuku.

Saka kunyange hazvo Brussels inganzwa kuti Switzerland yaswededzwa pedyo neEU maCommissioner eEU akapihwa mhosva yekutaurirana chibvumirano chekupedzisira cheEU-Swiss isati yaenda kureferendamu inofanirwa kuterera kunze kwekunge veSwiss vakaita seChirungu muna 2008 vakavhota vachipikisa. Europe.

Saka izvi zvinosiya kupi Britain? Pamusangano wepagore weGore Idzva wevamiriri veBritish neSwitzerland muSwiss Alps kwaingova nenhengo dzeparamende dzeBrexit Tory, kusanganisira aimbove Mutungamiriri, Liz Truss, akazouya. Hapana kana MP weLabour mumwe chete aivepo. Mutungamiri weEurope, Stephen Doughty anoremekedzwa muBerne nekuvaka hukama hwakanaka nehurumende yeSwitzerland.

Asi Labor haisi kushanda muEurope zvematongerwo enyika. Tichipihwa mazana maviri evamiriri veLabour MPs vasina chigaro chehurumende chero cherudzi rwupi zvarwo pamwe yave nguva yeLabour sebato uye maMPs akatanga kubatana neEurope.

Denis MacShane aimbova gurukota reEurope uye akatungamira All Party Parliamentary Group yeMP kuSwitzerland.

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