Nzira yekuenda kuCritical Mineral Security muBritain Inofamba nemuAfrica neMiddle East

Mukana weBritain wekuvaka nzira yakabatana yekutengeserana, yekudyara nekusimudzira zvicherwa zvakakosha, pamwe nevadyidzani muAfrica neMiddle East, ichaongororwa pamusangano unouya wakakokwa neCambridge Middle East neNorth Africa Forum. - anonyora Patrik Kurath.

Hurumende yeUnited Kingdom ichangobva kusarudzwa yeLabourmendi yakavimbisa kuburitsa hurongwa hwekune dzimwe nyika hune chishuwo hunoita kuti Britain iite mubatanidzwa anoshanda uye akakodzera munyaya dzepasi rose, yakagadzirira kudyidzana nevanodyidzana navo pazvinhu zvakakosha zvemitemo. Imwe yenzvimbo dzakadaro dzemitemo ndeye green green, umo Vashandi vanotarisira kuisa nheyo dzekudzikisa mitengo yemagetsi, kuwana simba rekuzvimirira kubva kune zvitubu zvinoputika, uye kusvika kune zvibodzwa zve zero mumamiriro ezvinhu emunharaunda uye pasi rose akagoverana ane chokuita nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye zvezvakatipoteredza.

Zvinoenderana nezvishuwo izvi chirongwa cheEuropean Union chekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi rinopisa uye kusvika padanho rezero panosvika gore ra2050, rave kutoitwa kwemakore anopfuura mana izvozvi. Pamusoro pemitemo ye European Green Energy Deal yakanangana nekubudirira kwezviwanikwa, chirongwa che 'REPowerEU' chakatangwa neEuropean Commission muna 2022 mukupindura kuhondo muUkraine, iyo ine chinangwa bvisa mafuta efossil kunze kwenyika kubva kuRussia zvachose. Zvirongwa zviviri izvi zvenguva refu zvinovimbisa kugadziridza hukama hwesimba hweEU zvachose, uye kuvimbisa huwandu hwemabhizinesi nemikana yekudyara kune nyika dziri munzira dzepasi rose dzemagetsi emagetsi.

Britain inogona kuratidza kuve mubatsiri akakosha mukugadzira hukama pamwe nekudyara mukugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena uye kuvandudza kugona kwenyika dzine zviwanikwa uye zvakakosha zvicherwa zvakachengetwa zvinodikanwa kutsigira shanduko yesimba. Lithium, cobalt, nickel, graphite uye manganese ndezvimwe zvezviwanikwa zvakakosha izvo UK nevavakidzani vayo muEU vanofanira kupinza mukugadzira green hydrogen uye green ammonia, nekugadzira mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba, photovoltaics nemhepo. turbines.

Nyika yeAfrica inogamuchira kugoverwa kusingaenzaniswi kwe mwaranzi yezuva uye ine 56% yepasi rose cobalt matura, 54% yepasi rose manganese uye yakakurumbira magirafu reserves. Hukama hweUK hwenhoroondo nenhengo dzeAfrica dzeCommonwealth of Nations uye hukama hwepedyo nedzimwe nyika dzemuAfrica dzinoiisa zvakanaka kuve mutambi akakosha muAfrica-Europe yakachena simba ecosystem. Zvechokwadi iyi ichava nyaya yeAfrica-Middle East Critical Minerals Forum, ichaitwa kuYunivhesiti yeCambridge ne Cambridge Middle East neNorth Africa Forum (CMENAF) tichibatsirana nevemakambani akazvimirira Missang uye Commonwealth Africa Initiative.

Chiitiko ichi, chichave semusangano wezuva rose, chichaongorora nekusimudzira kuwirirana pakati peAfrica neMiddle East muchikamu chakakosha chezvicherwa, tichitarisa pane net zero zvinangwa, kusimudzira, migodhi ine mutoro, uye hurongwa hwekudyara zvine ziso rekukurudzira UK. hutungamiri mumunda. Nekuunza pamwe vanobatana kubva kumatunhu ese ari maviri, iyo Forum ichatsvaga kukurudzira hukama, kukurudzira kudyara, uye kusimudzira maitiro akasimba muindastiri, uku ichigadzira nzvimbo yekukurukurirana kunoenderera.

Sangana nezvirongwa zvesimba zvakachena zveUK ndicho chishuwo chehurumende itsva yekuvaka mubatanidzwa wakaenzana nevadyidzani vayo muSouth yepasi rose, kunyanya ne Nyika dzeAfrica. Kune izvo, kudyidzana neUK vanobatana muGulf kunodiwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika maererano nemishumo yekudyara kutsva kuri kuitwa nenyika dzeGulf muzvicherwa zvakakosha muAfrica, kusanganisira Manara nguva pfupi yadarika, mubatanidzwa pakati pekambani yemugodhi yeSaudi Arabia yeMa'aden ne$925 bhiriyoni yePublic Investment Fund, iri hurukuro dzepamusoro kuwana pakati pe15% ne20% equity muZambia mhangura uye nickel assets yemugodhi wekuCanada First Quantum Minerals. Chokwadi, Africa inzvimbo yenzvimbo umo Britain yaigona kubudirira kubatanidza zvimiriri, zvekunze, zvehupfumi, zvebhizinesi, zvekudyara uye budiriro mukubatira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzemitemo panguva imwe chete.

Nyika dzemuAfrica kusvika parizvino dzakanetsekana nekuyananisa kudiwa kwemagetsi nekuita nekukasira kwemamiriro ekunze uye nezvinangwa zvekuchinja simba. Kuvaka chivakwa chemagetsi chakasimba ndicho chisungo chekondinendi economic growth uye kubudirira mune ramangwana. Mari yakanangana nezviwanikwa zvesimba rinowanikwazve uye zvicherwa zvakakosha zvinogona kubatsira vatambi vemuno pamwe nekubatsira mukugadzirwa kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika, zvichatambirwa mukondinendi yese. Kubatanidzwa kwe2020 kwemahofisi ekunze nebudiriro eUK kunopa sangano renyika iro rinogona kubudirira kuita chiono cheLabour.

Hurumende yeUK inotarisira kuwedzera Britain zvakapetwa kaviri kugadzirwa kwemagetsi huwandu panosvika 2030 nepo ichivavarira kutengesa chete mota dzemagetsi na2035. The UK importations yakatenderedza 37% yesimba rayo panguva ino. Nepo renewables yakagadzirwa rekodhi 51.6% yehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi muchikamu chechipiri cha2024, net zero zvibodzwa zvinozoda imwe mari yakawanda muchikamu ichi. Sezvo UK iine zviwanikwa zvayo zvishoma, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Ghana neMorocco inyika shoma idzo vagadziri vemitemo vekuBritain vanofanirwa kufunga kutendeukira kwairi kuitira kuti vagadzirise kudyidzana kwezvekutengesa zvinhu.

Mune inoshanduka-shanduka yakakosha zvicherwa uye musika wesimba nekuteedzera, kujeka uye akati wandei nyaya dzeEnvironment, Social and Governance (ESG), mubatanidzwa wezvemitemo wezvekunze unokwanisa kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka uye inogara kwenguva refu. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei vese vanoita sarudzo muUK neEU vachifanira kuona kupindirana pakati pezvicherwa zvenyika dzavo uye zvinodiwa kunze kwenyika, uye vofunga nezvekuita kwakawiriraniswa kwekudyara mukuvandudza zvicherwa nekunatsa zvivakwa muAfrica. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa zvichifambirana nekuedza kwakanangana nebudiriro kwakanangana nekugoverazve mabhenefiti emusika wakakura uye wakagadzikana wemusika wekugadzira magetsi muAfrica, chingave chinhu chakakosha mukuvaka kuvimbana nekusimbisa vane chekuita neUK uye EU zvinangwa zvekuita. kudyidzana kwenguva refu.

Patrik Kurath ndiye Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weCambridge Middle East neNorth Africa Forum

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