Mutsananguri: Kuti Northern Ireland protocol inopatsanura sei Britain neEU

Britain yakati neChipiri (17 Chivabvu) ichaenderera mberi nemutemo mutsva wekupfuura nepamusoro zvikamu zvechibvumirano chekutengeserana cheBrexit cheNorthern Ireland, zvichikonzera kusawirirana neEurope.

Pazasi pane ruzivo rwemashandiro anoita mitemo yekutengeserana muNorthern Ireland, mabatiro aakaita mune zvematongerwo enyika mudunhu uye izvo gakava idzva rinogona kureva hukama hweUK-EU.

Chii chinonzi Northern Ireland Protocol?

Sechikamu chekubuda kweBritain kubva kuEU, hurumende yeMutungamiriri wehurumende, Boris Johnson, yakabvuma kunyatsobuda muNorthern Ireland mukati memusika mumwe chete weEU wekutengesa zvinhu uye wemubatanidzwa wakapihwa muganho wakavhurika nenhengo yeEU Ireland.

Izvo zvakagadzira muganho wetsika mugungwa pakati peUnited Kingdom yese nepurovhinzi, idzo nharaunda dzeBritish dzinoti dzinoparadza nzvimbo yavo mukati meUK.

London inoti hutongi hwevashandi hwakagadzirwa neNorthern Ireland Protocol hahugoneki uye kuti hwave kutyisidzira chibvumirano cherunyararo cha1998 icho chakanyanya kupedza makumi matatu emakore emhirizhonga yemapoka mudunhu.

Mazhinji echeki pazvinhu zvinobva kuBritain hazvina kuitwa mushure mekunge London yashandisa nguva dzenyasha. Uko shanduko dzakatanga kushanda, mapepa, mutengo uye zvinodiwa nevashandi zvakakwira.

Britain inoti "nzira yegirinhi" inofanirwa kuunzwa kune zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kuNorthern Ireland, kudzivirira cheki yakazara inodiwa kuEU. Kuwedzera kunyorerwa kwaizowedzera mutengo kune vanogadzira zvakadaro.

Mutengesi wekuBritain Marks & Spencer anoti zvinotora anenge maawa masere kupedzisa post-Brexit mapepa ekufambisa zvinhu muzvitoro zvake muRepublic of Ireland, uye inenge awa imwe chete kuNorthern Ireland parizvino, nekuda kwenguva dzenyasha.

Mugore rekutanga rekutengeserana kweprotocol pakati peRepublic yeIreland neNorthern Ireland kwakakwira, nekutengesa kunze kwakakwira 65% uye kunze kwenyika kudunhu 54% kumusoro, zvichiratidza hukama hwakasimba pakati peNorthern Ireland neRepublic.

Britain yakaedza kumanikidza shanduko pamusoro peNorthern Ireland kutengeserana zvisati zvaitika, kuburikidza neInternal Markets Bill yakatsanangurwa nevakuru vakuru veBritish kuReuters se "shock zano".

Mushure mekudzoka kwekutanga, hurukuro dzekutengeserana dzakatangazve. EU yakazvipira kudzoreredza mitemo muna Gumiguru, 2021 asi Britain yakati havana kuenda kure zvakaringana, uye vakatonyanya kuipa kupfuura kushanda kwazvino mune zvimwe zvinhu.

Vakuru vehurumende vanoti pakasainwa chibvumirano ichi, mativi ose akabvumirana kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvingada kuchinja kana chibvumirano ichi chaunza matambudziko mudunhu.

Pasi pehurongwa hutsva uhwu, mutemo waizorerutsira kufamba kwezvinhu, woshandisa hutongi hwemutero weBritain kuNorthern Ireland uye wopa London mamwe mashoko pamusoro pemitemo inobata dunhu iri.

EU inoti chibvumirano ichi chisungo chinosunga zviri pamutemo chakapinzwa nehurumende yeUK zvakasununguka, uye chiri kushungurudzwa ne “Groundhog Day” kutenderera kwedambudziko rekudzokorora nyaya iyi.

VaBrussels vanoti chero chiito cheunilateral hachigamuchirike asi vakadzokorora kutaura kuti inoda kutsvaga mhinduro dzinoshanda mukati mehurongwa huripo.

Komisheni inogona kutangazve "matanho ekutyora" ayo akatanga kukonzerwa neBritish danho rekuwedzera nguva dzenyasha. Vakamiswa vachida dzimwe hurukuro.

Komisheni inogona kutangazve nyaya idzodzo, maererano nekutyorwa kwemutemo weEU, kunyangwe zvingatora makore maviri pamberi peEuropean Court of Justice mutongo uye muripo. Inogonawo kungotsiva pamusoro pechibvumirano chakaputswa.

Komisheni inogonawo kutarisa imwe nzira yekugadzirisa gakava iyo yakabatanidzwa sechikamu cheBrexit kurambana uye chibvumirano chekutengeserana. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kumisikidzwa kwezvikamu zvechibvumirano chekutengeserana cheEU-UK uye zvichikonzera kudzikwa kwemitero.

Sarudzo dzegungano redunhu reNorthern Ireland mwedzi uno dzakasimbisa kuti ruzhinji rwevamiriri vemitemo vanofarira kuchengetedza chibvumirano uye kuti chinofanira kunatswa muhurukuro neEU. Vese pro-British unionist vezvematongerwo enyika vanopokana nazvo.

Bato reDemocratic Unionist Party, bato guru rinotsigira Britain, raramba kupinda mukutonga kwekugovanisa masimba kudzamara protocol yatsiviwa, zvichitadzisa musangano kugara.

DUP, iyo inotya kusunungurwa kwehukama nenyika yeBritain, inoda kubviswa kwecheki dzose kana kurongwa kwemashure eBrexit cheki pazvinhu zvinotama kubva kuBritain kuenda kuNorthern Ireland. Yakati kutyisidzira kweUK kwekuita unilateral hakuna kukwana.

Mumiriri weIrish Nationalist Sinn Fein, bato guru remupurovhinzi rinotevera sarudzo dzemagungano, vanotambira chibvumirano chakapihwa chinangwa chebato chekubatana kweIrish uye vanoshuvira kuramba vari muEU.

Nezvikwata zvidiki zvechiuto zvichiri kukonzeresa mhirizhonga yakaitika munzvimbo iyi, vanoongorora vanoti kusamira zvakanaka kwezvematongerwo enyika hakuna kumbonaka muNorthern Ireland. Zvakadaro pakanga pasina kukanganisa kukuru apo kusawirirana pakati pemapato makuru kwaireva kuti gungano redunhu harina kugara pakati pa2017 na2020.

The Northern Irish Assembly inofanirwa kuvhota kekutanga muna 2024 pamusoro pekuchengetedza protocol. Kana ruzhinji rwukavhota vachipikisa, rwunozomira kushanda mushure memamwe makore maviri. Nekudaro, kana, sezvaitarisirwa, vamiriri vemitemo vakavhota kuti varambe vachiichengeta, vhoti inotevera ichaitwa makore mana gare gare.

Nekukwira kwemitengo muBritain neEU, hondo yekutengeserana ingave ichikuvadza mativi ese. Hurumende yaJohnson yakasimudza rhetoric kakawanda, isati yapfavisa inzwi rayo. Asi nyaya yacho haisati yagadziriswa.

VaPhilip Shaw, mukuru wezvehupfumi kuInvestec, vakati pondo yakaramba ichikwanisa kutengeswa zvakare kana zvichiita sekunge Europe inogona kubhadharisa mutero.

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