Pakati perugare nekusava nerugare: Nei kumisa runyararo kuchifanirwa kutanga

Kusawirirana muSudan kwakonzera dambudziko guru rezvevanhu pasi rose uye kune njodzi huru kurunyararo nekuchengetedzeka kwedunhu - uye zvechokwadi pasi rose. Rugare rwave nyore nyore nekuti mapato ese ari muhondo: Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) neRapid Support Forces (RSF), achiri muhondo yekusava nesimba. Mushure mekukunda shanduko yehurumende yeSudan muna 2021, vanga vasingade kusunungura simba ravo, kunyangwe zvikaitika zvichikanganisa Sudan nevanhu vayo, anonyora Sir Stewart Eldon, Aimbove Mumiriri weUK Permanent kuNATO (2006-2010), Mumiriri weUK kuIreland (2003-2006) uye Mutevedzeri weMumiriri weUK Permanent kuUN, New York (1998-2002),

Kukundikana kwekubatana uku kwakakonzera hondo yave ichirwiwa kubvira muna Kubvumbi 2023. Simba guru rezvematongerwo enyika, kutonga kwehupfumi, uye kupona kwevanhu zviri panjodzi zvekuti divi rega rega ringabvuma zviri nyore. Nevatungamiriri vese vari pasi pezvirango zvepasi rose uye vachitarisana nemhosva dzehondo dzinovimbika, kudzoserwa kweSudan munharaunda yepasi rose kuri kuita sekunge kuri kure pasina matanho akatarwa, pasi rose uye mukati meSudan pachayo.

Mari inobhadharwa nevanhu nekuda kwedambudziko iri inotyisa; pakupedzisira avo vane mhosva yacho vachafanira kutarisirwa. SAF yagara ichirwisa nzvimbo dzemaguta dzine vanhu vakawanda, kusanganisira misika nenzvimbo dzekugara muKhartoum, Darfur neKordofan, zviito zvakanyorwa neUnited Nations neHuman Rights Watch sezvingangove zvichityora mutemo wepasi rose wekubatsira vanhu.

Panguva iyi, RSF ine nhoroondo uye nzira dzemauto eJanjaweed. Kurwisa kwavo kwakarongeka kwemarudzi evanhu vasiri maArab muDarfur kwakaita kuti vakuru veUS vaone zviri pamutemo kuti kwakafanana nekuparadza rudzi. Mativi ese ari maviri akauraya vanhu, kutsiva vanhuwo zvavo munzvimbo dzakatorwa, uye kushandiswa kwakapararira kwechisimba pabonde, kushungurudza, uye kusungwa zvisina tsarukano sezvishandiso zvehondo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, rugare rwakaoma kutaurirana, uye rwakaoma kuchengetedza.

Zvakarurama kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kwakaitwa kuedza kukuru kwenyika dzakawanda kutsvaga nzira yekufambira mberi. MunaGunyana, Makurukota Ezvekunze eQuad (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE neUS) vakatsanangura misimboti mishanu maererano nekuguma kwehondo. Muchidimbu, izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera: kuchengetedza hutongi hweSudan, kubatana uye kuvimbika kwenyika; kugamuchira kuti hapana mhinduro yehondo kuhondo; kubvumira kuwana rubatsiro nekukurumidza uye kuona kuti vanhuwo zvavo vakachengetedzwa; vimbiso yekuti hurumende yeSudan yeramangwana ndeyevanhu veSudan kuti vasarudze kuburikidza nekuchinja kwakabatana uye kwakajeka, kusingadzorwi nechero bato rinorwa; uye kuti kuguma kwerutsigiro rwemauto ekunze kune mativi ese maviri kwakakosha pakugumisa hondo. Quad yakakumbira chibvumirano chekubatsira vanhu, pakutanga kwemwedzi mitatu, kuti misimboti iyi ishandiswe.

Kunze kweSudan, maitiro eQuad awana rutsigiro rwakakosha rwepasi rose. Semuenzaniso, musi wa10 Mbudzi, makurukota ezvekunze enyika dzeEurope, pamwe chete neCanada neAustralia, vakaburitsa chirevo chakabatana vachikurudzira mapato kuti abvumirane nekumiswa kwehondo uye chibvumirano chemwedzi mitatu chekubatsira vanhu, zvichienderana nezvakakurudzirwa naQuad. Musi wa16 Zvita, Dare rekuchengetedza reUN rakaita hurukuro isina kurongeka yakaunganidzwa neUK neDenmark vachitarisa pakudiwa kwekukurumidzira kwekusimudzira rugare rwakasimba, rwunogara kwenguva refu, uye rwunobatanidza vose.

Nzvimbo yekutanga yenzira chaiyo yerugare inofanira kunge iri shanduko mune zvematongerwo enyika. Chero bedzi kurwa kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, SAF neRSF vacharamba vachiona simba rehondo senzira yavo huru yekutaurirana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti rugare rwekukurumidza runofanira kutanga.

Zviri nani kuti runyararo ruve rwakasimba, ruchibatsira vanhu kuti vabatsirwe uye kuti vanhuwo zvavo vasavepo. Asi, kunyangwe zvisiri nyore, kunyange kumisa hondo kusina kugadzikana kunogona kupa mukana wekutaurirana. Kuvimbana hakuzoumbirwi neusiku humwe asi mukana wekuti pave nerunyararo unogona kungoongororwa chete kana pasina kurwa, uye pane chikonzero chikuru chekurerutsa kutambura kwevanhu kuripo parizvino.

Zvadaro, sezvataurwa neQuad, panofanira kuva nekugadzwa kwesimba rehurumende rinotungamirwa nevanhuwo zvavo kuti ritarisire kubviswa kweutongi hwemauto. Kuti chero chibvumirano chirambe chiripo, chinofanira kuva nekuvimbika kune vanhu vemuSudan, kunyanya makomiti ekudzivirira veruzhinji akatungamira chimurenga cha2019. SAF neRSF hazvigone kubviswa zvachose padanho iri; simba rechokwadi harifanirwe kushaikwa. Asi kutora kwavo chikamu kunofanirwa kuganhurirwa kune vanhu vane simba mukati memapoka avo asi vasiri kutungamira mashandiro emauto. Izvi hazvibvumiri kutonga nezvombo asi zvishoma nezvishoma zvinobvisa simba pakuita sarudzo.

Zviri pachena kuti hapana chimwe cheizvi chichabudirira pasina rubatsiro rwevanhu. Kumiswa kwehondo kusingaunze chikafu, pekugara, kuchengetedzeka uye kurapwa kuchakurumidza kurasikirwa nemvumo. Sudan iri kutarisana neimwe yematambudziko akaipisisa ekutamiswa kwevanhu uye nzara pasi rose, ine vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni gumi nematatu vakadzingwa uye nzvimbo huru dzenyika dziri panjodzi yenzara. Munguva yekuchinja, nzira dzekubatsira vanhu dzinofanira kuchengetedzwa uye kubatsira vanhu vakapararira pasina chinovadzivisa.

Kwemakore anotevera, vavengi veSudan vanogona kumanikidzwa kugara patafura yekutaurirana, vachisvika pakuita zvibvumirano vasingadi kushandira ramangwana renyika. Asi mutoro wekuvakazve nyika haufanirwe kunge uri weavo vakaiparadza. Basa iroro rinofanira kunge riri rechizvarwa chitsva chevatungamiriri: vanhuwo zvavo vane mvumo, vasina kusvibiswa nehutsinye, vanovimbwa nevanhu vaneta nehondo. Rugare rucharamba ruripo chete kana hutongi hwaitwa nekuda kwevanhu, pane kutorwa kuti vanhu vararame kana kuti vawane pundutso.

Kune rumwe rutivi, nharaunda yepasi rose ine basa rekutsigira nzira yeSudan yekuenda kurugare, kugadzikana, uye ramangwana rinotungamirwa nevanhuwo zvavo uye kudzivirira nyika kuti isanyanya kutsvedza mukuparara, kupandukira uye kuparara.

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