Kukundikana kwenyika dzepasi rose muLibya uye nzira isina kujairika inogona kuunza kugadzikana

Mumakore manomwe apfuura, Libya yave nhanho yeimwe yenzira dzepasirese dzekuita runyararo munyika. Kubva pakatanga hondo yevagari nekuda kwekukundikana kweshanduko yedemocracy muna 2014, masangano epasi rose pamwe neruzhinji rwezviremera zvehurumende kubva kuMadokero, East neMiddle East vakatanga nhanho dzinopfuura gumi nembiri dzekuunza runyararo nekugadzikana munyika. Kusawirirana pakati pevatambi vekune dzimwe nyika mukusimudzira maonero akasiyana, pamwe nevatsvaki vesimba vakasiyana, uye nyaya yekuti vanobatana neLibya ivo pachavo havana kukwanisa kubvumirana nehurongwa hwekuita mune ramangwana, vakaomesa nhaurirano mudambudziko risina kusimba rinoisa njodzi. kudzokera kumakakatanwa, anonyora Ashraf Boudouara.

Sezvo kutadza kuchangoburwa kwaZvita 2021 kuita sarudzo dzegutsaruzhinji kwakaratidza nemazvo, kuedza kwepasi rose kwave kutevedzera imwe nzira inopesana. Pasina nhoroondo inocherekedza yetsika yekuMadokero yedemocracy yezvematongerwo enyika, pamwe nekushaikwa kwe kubatana kwenyika chitupa, Libya yakaomerwa kuita zvine mutsindo kuita gakava senzira yekuisa pasi hwaro hwenyika itsva kuburikidza nenzira dzehungwaru.

Kuwana kumisa kurwa, kuunza sarudzo uye kuvaka chimiro chezvematongerwo enyika muLibya zvanga zviri pahurongwa hwepasirese dzekunze kwenyika kubva 2015. Iyo UN-inotsigirwa. Skhirat chibvumirano (Zvita 2015) ine chinangwa chekubatanidza vabati vehofisi veTobruk-based House of Representatives uye General National Congress yeTripoli kuti vagadzire hurumende yakabatana.

The Paris musangano, yakaitwa muna Chikunguru 2017 pakuraira kweMutungamiriri weFrance Emmanuel Macron, yakaunza pamwe chete vatori vechikamu muLibya pamwe nenhume dzakabva kunyika makumi maviri kuti dziwane kumisa kurwa, uye kubvumirana kuita sarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika neparamende. Italy yakatanga chirongwa chayo munaNovember 20 pa Palermo musangano, vachivavarira kuwana zvinangwa zvakafanana. UAE Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed's Abu Dhabi musangano yaFebruary 2019—sezvakamboedza kuitwa nevamiriri—haina kuunza mhedzisiro inobatika mukugadzira nzira inoenda kurunyararo rusingaperi.

Turkey neRussia vakapinda mumufananidzo muna 2020 neMutungamiri Vladimir Putin uye Mutungamiri Recep Tayyip Erdogan's. musangano nevatungamiri veLibya, avo vakavandudza kumisa mhirizhonga pakati pemasimba enyika yekuMabvazuva nekuMadokero. Germany neUN dzakatevera mamiriro echinguvana ekudzikama mukati meLibya nemapato akawanda Berlin Conference, vane chibvumirano chokurega kurwa zvinotarisirwa kuputswa naGeneral-based General Khalifa Haftar zuva rimwe chete gare gare. Iyo UN inotungamirwa ne5+5 Hurukuro dzeMauto (Kukadzi 2020) pakati pevakuru vashanu kubva kuhurumende iri pamutemo yeLibya uye vashanu vevarwi veHaftar muGeneva vakasangana nedambudziko rimwe chete.

Mumiriri Akakosha weMunyori Mukuru weUnited Nations Support Mission muLibya (UNSMIL) Stephanie Williams akaunza zvaitarisirwa nevanhu kuti zvichave mweya mutsva kumabasa ehumiriri anotungamirwa nevekunze muna Kukadzi 2021. led plan, the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum (LPDF) yakakwanisa kusarudza mutungamiriri wehurumende uye kanzuru yemutungamiri wenyika. Ava vakapihwa basa rekufudza nyika yakanangana nesarudzo uye kuumba hurongwa hutsva hwehutongi hwejekerere. Nezvirongwa zvesarudzo dzedemocracy dziri pedyo, Yechipiri Berlin Musangano (Chikumi 2021) uye kutenderera kutsva kwehurukuro dzeUN mu. Geneva (Chikunguru 2021) yakatsvaga kutsigira LPDF zvisina kubudirira nekufambisa kubviswa kwevarwi vekunze kubva kuLibya uye kunyorwa kwebumbiro remutemo rekuita sarudzo nekumisa masangano akakosha ezvematongerwo enyika. Sezvaitarisirwa nevakawanda, kusvika parizvino, hapana chimwe chezvinangwa izvi chave kuwanikwa uye, sevamwe kutya, sarudzo hadzina kuitwa muna Zvita wapfuura sezvakarongwa, nemamiriro ezvinhu pasi, uye upfumi, zvichingowedzera kuipa.

Senyika inofamba kubva kuAfrica kuenda kuEurope iyo yakapfuma muminda yemafuta uye nyika yeArab-Muslim, Libya inomira kupindirana zvezvido zvenzvimbo, zveupfumi uye zvepfungwa zvakakosha. Zvakadai, kubatanidzwa kwedzimwe nyika kunovimbiswa kuramba kuri chinhu chezviri kuitika iye zvino chero paine mukana wekuti vatambi vepasi rese vapesvedzere ramangwana rayo kuti vabatsirike.

Iyo UN-inotsigirwa uye inotungamirwa neLPDF maitiro ekugadzirisa kusawirirana muLibya kubva mukati menyika inomiririra nhanho munzira kwayo maererano nenzira yekumberi. Iyo inomira mukusiyana neyakakundikana-yakasimudzirwa kune dzimwe nyika uye yakagadzirira-yakagadzirirwa zvirongwa zvekuita, asi ichiri kuderera zvakanyanya. Zvinangwa zvaro uye nzira yekutevedzana inofanirwa kugadziridzwa kuitira kuremekedza ikozvino chokwadi pasi. Panzvimbo pekuisiya kusvika pari zvino nzira dzedemocracy muLibya yekuisa mitemo yakakosha, kusimbisa bumbiro kunofanirwa kuve yekutanga kurongeka kwebhizinesi.

Zvibvumirano pamusoro pemitemo uye masangano akakosha angave anobatsira mukufambisa pfungwa yekudzikama kuita sarudzo uye kupinda munzira ine makakatanwa yekutaurirana zvimwe zvemitemo nezvematongerwo enyika. Muchidzidzo chakabudiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura, the Cambridge-based Middle East uye North Africa Forum, vachitarisa kunze kwebhokisi kuti zvichida nzira dzisiri dzenguva dzose, vakaona bumbiro reLibya ra1951, uye naro rinotungamirirwa nedemocracy. humambo hwebumbiro, sechokwadi Libyan framework iyo inogona kushanda sehwaro hwekuwana kugadzikana uye kusimudzira budiriro yenyika mune zvematongerwo enyika.

Sezvo bepa, iro rakaunzwa svondo rapfuura chete muUK House of Lords kune vezvematongerwo enyika veBritain nevekunze, vadzidzi nevamiriri, maratidziro, mauto epro-1951 anobva kumisasa yakasiyana muLibya uye anosanganisira ma monarchist, federalists, uye vanhu vanongotenda izvozvo. kugadzirisa gwaro riripo kungava nyore pane kutanga kubva pakatanga. Bumbiro remutemo ra1951, maererano nevatsigiri vayo, inomiririra kutendeseka kwemukati uye chiremera, uye inzvimbo inobatana pakati pemapoka ese eLibya. Zvakakosha, igwaro rakabatanidza rusununguko rwakasiyana rwezvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu, kusanganisira vadiki zvakare. Izvi zvamazvirokwazvo, zvinogona kushanda sehwaro hwekuwana danho rinodiwa rekudzikama, kutanga budiriro yenyika mune zvematongerwo enyika nekuiisa munzira yekudzikama kwegutsaruzhinji nebudiriro yehupfumi.

Nepo kubatana kwevatambi vekune dzimwe nyika kusingatarisirwe nekuda kwekusiyana kwavo kwezvido, chirongwa cheLibya-chakarongwa uye cheLibyan ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekuvimbisa kuti mhedzisiro yayo icharemekedzwa nevose. Kana bumbiro rerusununguko ra1951 riri iro sarudzo yakanakisa ingangove musoro wemakakatanwa akapisa pakati pevaLibya. Zvakadaro, pfungwa yekutora hwaro hwebumbiro huripo kuti hushande sechinhu chimwe chete icho mamwe maitirwo ezvematongerwo enyika anogona kuvakira paari inzira itsva inofanirwa kutariswa-kunyanya kubva kunhengo dzenharaunda dzepasirese dzakadyara nguva yakawanda nesimba kuti dziite zvine musoro. kuchinja muLibya.

Ashraf Boudouara muongorori wezvematongerwo enyika anogara muLibya. Sezvo akabatanidzwa mukukurudzira mhinduro yebumbiro remitemo yeLibya kwemakore mazhinji, parizvino anoshanda sachigaro weNational Conference yeKudzoka kweBumbiro reBumbiro reMonarchy.

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