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Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze

Central Asia neEurope dzinofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

Kusaita kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze nemhedzisiro yayo kuchakanganisa hukama hwepedyo hwehupfumi, kutengeserana nekudyara pakati pematunhu edu, pamwe nevagari vedu, anodaro Gurukota reKazakhstan reEcology uye Natural Resources Zulfiya Suleimenova.

Dambudziko remamiriro ekunze riri kusvika kwamvura yacheka makumbo. Mwedzi wapera United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change yakapa yambiro yekupedzisira kuvanhu, sezvo kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse kunosundira pasi rose kumucheto kwekukuvara kusingagadzirisiki kunongo dzivirira nekukasira uye nekukasira.

Pamwe chete nepasirese, Europe neCentral Asia nzvimbo yakatarisana nekuwedzera kusadzivirirwa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, sezvo tembiricha inodziya uye mamiriro ekunze asina kusimba anovhiringa mamiriro ekunze uye kuwedzera kuwanda kwekusanaya kwemvura, mafashamo, masaisai ekupisa, uye moto wemasango.

Maererano neWorld Bank, kana pasina chiito chinotorwa, kukanganisa kwehupfumi kubva pakusanaya kwemvura uye mafashamo muCentral Asia kunofungidzirwa kusvika ku1.3 muzana yeGDP pagore, asi zvibereko zvezvirimwa zvinotarisirwa kuderera ne30 muzana ne2050, zvichitungamirira. kusvika kune vanosvika miriyoni 5.1 mukati mekunze vanotama panguva iyoyo.

Nyika dzeEurope hadzisi kuzofamba zvakanaka. Pasina kuchinjika, mabasa anopfuura mazana mana ezviuru anotarisirwa kurasika pagore ne400,000, nemutengo wakazara wemamiriro ekunze ane chekuita nemamiriro ekunze anosvika zviuru zana nemakumi manomwe emadhora pakupera kwezana ramakore.

Kudzivisa mamiriro akadai, Central Asia neEurope dzinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Nzira yakasiyana

Haisi chakavanzika kuti hupfumi hweKazakhstan, iyo huru nyika muCentral Asia, yakavimba zvakanyanya neindasitiri yekuchera uye zviwanikwa zveoiri. Pasina kupokana izvi zvakatibatsira kuti tidzokere kumashure mushure mekunge tawana kuzvitonga muna 1991 zvichitevera kuparara kweSoviet Union.

Europe yakashandisawo zviwanikwa zvedu zvesimba zvechinyakare. Kazakhstan ndiyo yechitatu pakukura mutengesi wemafuta kuGermany mushure meNorway neUK. Nezvinopfuura makumi manomwe muzana emafuta edu anotengesa kunze achienda kuEU (zvikamu zvitanhatu kubva muzana zveEU inodiwa), Kazakhstan yatova iyo yechitatu yakakura kwazvo isiri-OPEC mutengesi.         

Nekudaro, kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunoreva kuti isu tinofanirwa kutora imwe nzira, iyo inotungamira kune inoenderera mberi uye hupfumi hwakasvibira. Iyi nzira inogona kukurumidza kana Kazakhstan neEurope vakabatanidza zviwanikwa zvavo pamwechete.

Saizvozvo, danho rakakosha pakusvika kune yakaderera-kabhoni remangwana kugadziridza chikamu chesimba uye kuunza yakaderera-emission dzimwe nzira. Izvi zvinoda zviito mumativi maviri - kudzvanya zvinovandudzwa muchiyero chesimba uye kuve nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvekuchinja kwesimba kwakasimba.

Kunyanya, muna 2021, Kazakhstan yakazivisa chinangwa chayo chekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse (yechikamu cha1990) ne15 muzana panosvika 2030 uye kuwana kusarerekera kabhoni panosvika 2060.

Izvi hazvizove zvakananga, sezvo kuvimba kwedu nesimba rechinyakare kwakakosha. Nekudaro, Kazakhstan ine hombe yesimba rinogoneka zvakare, kunyanya mhepo, iyo inogona kugadzira hwaro hweramangwana rakaderera-kabhoni.

Kazakhstan ine chinangwa chekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwesimba kubva kune zvinogoneka zvakapetwa kashanu (kubva patatu kusvika kugumi neshanu muzana). Pamusoro pezvo, chinangwa chakatemerwa kuderedza chikamu chesimba rinogadzirwa kubva mumarasha neinosvika makumi matatu muzana, kubva pa15 kusvika 30 muzana. Matanho ekudzikisa achasanganiswa nekuedza kwakanangana nekuwedzera kweiyo nyika kabhoni absorption kugona nekudyara mabhiriyoni maviri emiti panosvika 69.

Zvishandiso zvekuchinja

Imwe nhungamiro yakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi izvo zvakakosha pakuchinja kwegirinhi. Kazakhstan ine madhipoziti akakura egoridhe, chromium, mhangura, lead, lithium, uye iri kuramba ichichiva zvisingawanzo simbi zvepasi zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi kubva kumafoni ekuchenjera uye turbines emhepo kusvika kumagetsi emagetsi mabhatiri anochajwa.

Zvichakadaro, Europe iri kutora matanho ekusiyanisa macheni ayo asingawanzo kupihwa pasi. Muna Mbudzi wapfuura, padivi peCOP27 kuEgypt, European Commission neKazakhstan dzakasaina Memorandum of Understanding kugadzira zvigadzirwa zveasingawanzo pasi magnates, cobalt, lithium, uye polysilicon. Chibvumirano chinobatsira kushanduko yakasvibirira nekutarisa pakuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo yakachengeteka uye inogoneka yemidziyo yakasvibira uye yakacheneswa, inovandudzwa hydrogen uye bhatiri kukosha maketani.

Sezvakatsanangurwa naUrsula von der Leyen, Mutungamiriri weEuropean Commission, "kuwanikwa kwakachengeteka uye kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvakabikwa, zvinhu zvakanatswa uye hydrogen inogona kudzokororwa idanho rakakosha kubatsira kuvaka hwaro hutsva, hwakachena hwehupfumi hwedu, kunyanya sezvatinoenda kure. kubva pakutsamira kwedu pamafuta efossil.”

Kudyidzana kwakakosha

Kuti titore danho rinotevera kumberi, isu tinofanirwa kuvaka network, mubatanidzwa, uye kuvimbana pakati pevamwe vane chekuita. Iyo Astana International Forum muna Chikumi ichapa mukana wakanaka weizvi.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti foramu ichaunza pamwe vamiririri vepamusoro-soro vehurumende kubva kumativi ose enyika, pamwe chete nenhengo dzemasangano epasi rose uye masangano emabhizimisi, kuti vakurukure nzira dzekufamba nezvinetso zvepasi rose, kusanganisira kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedzwa kwesimba.

Kusaita kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze nemhedzisiro yayo kuchakanganisa hukama hwepedyo hwehupfumi, hwekutengeserana uye hwekudyara pakati pematunhu edu, pamwe nevagari vedu.

Saka zvakakosha kuti tishande pamwe chete mukuvaka kubatana kweshanduko yakasvibira, iyo ichatibatsira isu tese - Central Asia neEurope.

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