Kusimbisa hukama hwakawanda pakati peEuropean Union neRepublic of Kazakhstan panguva yehutungamiriri hweKassym-Jomart Tokayev.

Kazakhstan ishamwari yakakosha uye yakavimbika yeEuropean Union (EU). Izvi zvakanyorwa muEnhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement EPCA) neEU, iyo yakatanga kushanda musi wa 1 Kurume 2020, anonyora chipangamazano munyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika Ipek Tekdemir (pamufananidzo, pazasi).

Chipangamazano wezvematongerwo enyika Ipek Tekdemir

Hukama hwezvekudyidzana pakati peEU neKazakhstan hwawedzera kusimba mukati memakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu, uye nyika dziri nhengo dzeEU dzave pakati penyika dzekutanga kucherechedza Kazakhstan senyika yakazvimirira muna 1991. European Union yakavhura humiriri hwayo hwepamutemo muKazakhstan nguva pfupi yapfuura. mu 1994. Kazakhstan yaiva nyika yekutanga pakati penyika dze Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) kuti igadzire chimiro chepamutemo kuEU, iyo inoratidza simba rechibvumirano.

Kukosha kwehukama hweEU-Kazakhstan kunoratidzawo muhukama hwekutengeserana uye hwekudyara. EU ndiyo mubatsiri mukuru weKazakhstan wekutengeserana, anomiririra makumi mana muzana ekutengeserana kunze. Iyo EU ndiyo inonyanya kuisa mari yekune dzimwe nyika muKazakhstan, inoverengera 40% yehuwandu (hwakakwana) hwekudyara kune dzimwe nyika. Vari munzira, mabhizinesi eEurope nevashambadziri vakatsigira kusimbiswa kwehupfumi hweKazakhstan yakazvimirira pasi pehutungamiriri hweMutungamiriri wekutanga Nursultan Nazarbayev, vakabatsira kugadzira nzira yekusikwa kwenzvimbo yemusika wakasununguka.

Kusimbiswa kwemaitiro emubatanidzwa

Kupinda musimba kweEnhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (EPCA) muna Kurume 2020 kwakaratidza kutanga kwedanho idzva rehukama hweEU-Kazakhstan.

Iyo EU-Kazakhstan EPCA - yekutanga chibvumirano chakadaro iyo EU yakapedzisa nechero yevamwe vayo muCentral Asia - ikozvino yapinda mudanho rekuita kwayo. Chibvumirano chinopa hwaro hwakakura hwekubatana, kwete chete kusanganisira minda yekutengeserana nehupfumi, asi zvakaenzana zvinosanganisira magariro netsika nezvematongerwo enyika ehukama hweKazakhstan-EU. EPCA inotarisirwa kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekusimudzira hupfumi, magariro uye zvematongerwo enyika muKazakhstan, zvichiwedzera kuedza kweMutungamiri Tokayev.

EPCA inofanoonawo kuwedzera kudzamisa nekusimbisa kubatana kweEU-Kazakhstan muminda yekuvandudza uye girinhi tekinoroji, zvekufambisa, zvinhu, dzidzo, simba, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Chibvumirano ichi chine chinangwa chekugadzira nharaunda yakasimba yekutonga kwemabhizinesi munzvimbo dzakaita sekutengeserana mumasevhisi, kugadzwa uye kushanda kwemakambani, mafambiro emari, zviwanikwa uye simba, kutenga kwehurumende, uye kodzero dzezvivakwa zvehungwaru. Iyo EPCA inotsvaga kupa chikuva uye kupa mikana kune vese vekuEurope neKazakh bhizinesi vanobatana kuti vasangane nekutsinhana maonero uye akanakisa maitiro.

Kuve nyika ine mafuta, Kazakhstan inotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuEU inotongwa zvakanyanya neoiri negesi, iyo inodarika 80% yezvese zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuEU kuenda kuKazakhstan, zvisinei, kunotongwa nemichina nemidziyo yekufambisa, uye zvigadzirwa kubva kumakambani ekugadzira nemakemikari. Kudyara kwemukati kubva kuEU munyika yeCentral Asia kunocherechedzwa, nemakambani anopfuura zviuru zvina ane European kutora chikamu uye zviuru zviviri zvemubatanidzwa zvinoshanda muKazakhstan.

Chave chiri pamberi peHurumende yeKazakh iri pasi peMutungamiri Tokayev kusimbaradza kuyedza kukwezva vekunze vekunze vakananga kunyika. Matanho akaitwa kubva kusarudzwa kweMutungamiri Tokayev muna 2019 zvakawedzera kuvandudza mamiriro ebhizinesi uye kuwedzera kugadzikana kwehupfumi kuEU nevamwe vanoisa mari kunze kwenyika kuti vawedzere mari yavo munyika. Kudzorodzwa kwezvinodiwa zvevhiza pakufamba kuenda kuKazakhstan uye kusikwa kwebhizinesi nemikana yekudyara kwave kuri danho rekutanga panyaya iyi.

Kunze kweEPCA, EU's Strategy yeCentral Asia ndiyo yakakosha hurongwa hwehukama hweEU-Kazakhstan. Gore ra2019 rakaona kudzokororwa kweEU Central Asia Strategy, nechinangwa chekugadzirisa zvirinani izvo zvinodikanwa zvehupfumi nemagariro edunhu.

Nekuwedzera kwekukura kwehupfumi hwepamba muKazakhstan mumakore achangopfuura, hukama hweEU-Kazakhstan hwakawedzera zvakanyanya kupfuura chikamu chehupfumi, iko zvino kusanganisa kubatana mune akatevedzana emagariro netsika nezvematongerwo enyika. Mutungamiri Tokayev vanga vachiunza paradigm itsva yezvematongerwo enyika kuhurongwa hwepamba. Izvi zvinosanganisira “nyika inoteerera”, kukurudzira kukuru kwemafungiro akawanda, kubvuma kuti shanduko dzehupfumi dzakabudirira dzinotsamira pakuvandudza magariro nezvematongerwo enyika, uye pakupedzisira kuwirirana pakati peMutungamiriri ane simba, Paramende ine simba, uye hurumende inozvidavirira. Mafungiro matsva, nzira itsva dzerusununguko dzakaunzwa kutsika yezvematongerwo enyika yeKazakh.Nyika inoramba maitiro akadai sekuvharisa internet kana kuparadzira nechisimba varatidziri, kumbundikira nhaurirano inosanganisirwa, uye inobvuma kukosha kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwekutaurirana nenhaurirano sehwaro. yenzanga yemazuva ano.

Nguva pfupi yadarika, muHurukuro yavo yegore negore kuNyika musi wa 1 Gunyana 2020, Mutungamiri Tokayev akazivisa kutanga kwedanho idzva rekuvandudza kuisa Kazakhstan munzvimbo yakanaka yekusimbisa basa rayo padanho repasi rose riri kuchinja zvakanyanya. Danho idzva reshanduko rinosanganisira kuongororwa kwakakura kwezviitwa zvehurumende yese, kusanganisira shanduko huru pamatanho ese, seshuviro yekuvandudza hurongwa hwemapato ezvematongerwo enyika chaiwo, kugadzirisa hurongwa hwemitemo, nekuvandudza zvakanyanya kuita nekutevedzwa kwemitemo. mitemo yeutongi nekutonga kwemutemo. Chinonyanya kutariswa chichange chiri pakuvandudzwa kwehupfumi, zvichibva pamisimboti sekusimudzira makwikwi emusika wakasununguka, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, dzidzo, kuzvidavirira, uye kusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika. Matanho akasimba ekugadzirisa zvematongerwo enyika uye zvehupfumi nemagariro akatsanangurwa neMutungamiriri akakosha zvakafanana kuKazakhstan neEU. Zvimwe zvezvishuvo zvekuvandudza izvi zvakatoratidzwa mumitemo yeEU inodakadza seGreen Deal.

Denda razvino reCCIDID-19 rakaisa simbiso pazvido zvakabatana uye kudiwa kwakakosha kwekubatana kwenyika pakati peEU neKazakhstan. Mukugadzirisa dambudziko iri, hutungamiriri hweKazakh hwakaratidza kusimba uye kuzvipira kutsigira hutano nekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu vayo. Pasi peMutungamiri Tokayev, Hurumende yeKazakh yakatanga hurongwa hwekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika, sekunge EU ichitsvaga kubata dambudziko semukana wekuwedzera kusvetukira kumberi, uye - kana iri Kazakhstan - kuenderera mberi kune imwe nyika. hupfumi hwakasiyana.

Kana munhu akatarisa makore ekutanga nehafu eHutungamiri pasi peMutungamiri Tokayev, munhu anogona kugumisa kuti mwedzi yekutanga iyi yakaunza kufambira mberi kukuru tichifunga nezveshuviro yeKazakhstan yekuvandudza zvematongerwo enyika zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvemazuva ano, kusanganisira kuwedzera kudzika kwenhaurirano. kubatana neEU mune akati wandei minda.

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