Iyo One-China Nheyo Inosiya Hapana Nzvimbo Yekududzira Zvisizvo. Iko hakuna Grey Zone yeUNGA Resolution 2758

Fei Shengchao, Ambassador weChina kuBelgium

Munguva pfupi yadarika, vamwe vanga vachikanganisa nemaune nekupikisa Chisungo 2758 chakatambirwa kuUnited Nations General Assembly (UNGA) muna 1971, chekudzoreredza chigaro chiri pamutemo chePeople's Republic of China kuUN uye kudzinga vamiriri vaChiang Kai-shek kubva. iyo UN. Vanoenda kunze kwenzira yavo kutengesa pfungwa yekuti chimiro cheTaiwan hachina kutaurwa. Rondedzero yenhema yakadai ine chinangwa chekuramba musimboti weChina kwete chete kupikisa hutongi hweChina uye kuvimbika kwenzvimbo, asi zvakare inopikisa kurongeka kwepasirese kweHondo yepasirese uye inotyisidzira rugare nekugadzikana kweAsia-Pacific nepasirese.

Ⅰ. Taiwan chikamu cheChina - ichi ichokwadi chisingarambiki

Taiwan yanga iri yeChina kubva kare. Uku kutaura kune hwaro hwakasimba munhau uye pamutemo. Manongedzo ekutanga ekuita izvi anowanikwa, pakati pevamwe, mu Seaboard Geographic Gazetteer yakanyorwa mugore ra230 naShen Ying weNyika yeWu panguva yeHumambo Hutatu Period. Kutanga kubva kuRwiyo neYuan dynasties, hurumende dzepakati dzeChina dzese dzakagadzira masangano ekutonga kuti ashandise hutongi pamusoro pePenghu neTaiwan. Muna 1684, dare reQing rakagadza Taiwan prefecture manejimendi pasi pehutongi hweFujian Province. Muna 1885, chimiro cheTaiwan chakakwidziridzwa ikava dunhu rechi20 reChina.

Muna July 1894, Japan yakatanga hondo yechisimba mukurwisana neChina. Muna Kubvumbi 1895, hurumende yakakundwa yeQing yakamanikidzwa kusiya Taiwan nePenghu Islands kuenda kuJapan. The Cairo Declaration yakabudiswa neChina, United States neUnited Kingdom musi waZvita 1, 1943 yakataura kuti chaive chinangwa chevabatanidzwa vatatu kuti matunhu ese Japan abirwa kuChina, akadai seNortheast China, Taiwan nePenghu Islands, adzorerwe. kuChina. The Potsdam Proclamation yakasainwa neChina, United States neUnited Kingdom musi waChikunguru 26, 1945, uye yakazozivikanwa neSoviet Union. Yakadzokorora kuti: “Mitemo ye Cairo Declaration zvichaitwa.” MunaSeptember wegore rimwe chetero, Japan yakasaina chombo chokukanda mapfumo pasi, umo yakavimbisa kuti yaizozadzisa nokutendeka misengwa yakaiswa mumutemo. Potsdam Proclamation. Musi wa25 Gumiguru, hurumende yeChina yakazivisa kuti yakanga ichitangazve kushandisa hutongi pamusoro peTaiwan, uye mhemberero yekubvuma kuzvipira kweJapan muTaiwan Province yeChina war theatre of the Allied Powers yakaitirwa muTaibei (Taipei). Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, China yakanga yatorazve Taiwan de jure uye de facto kuburikidza nemagwaro akawanda ane chekuita nemutemo wepasi rose.

Musi wa1 Gumiguru 1949, People's Republic of China (PRC) yakavambwa, ikava mutsivi weRepublic of China (1912-1949), uye Central People's Government yakava iyo yega hurumende yepamutemo yeChina yese. Hurumende itsva yakatsiva hurumende yekare yeKMT mumamiriro ezvinhu apo China, sechinhu chiri pasi pemutemo wepasi rose, haina kuchinja uye hutongi hweChina uye nzvimbo yekuzvarwa haina kuchinja. Nekuda kwechisikigo, hurumende yePRC inofanirwa kunakidzwa nekushandisa hutongi hwakazara hweChina, hunosanganisira hutongi hwayo pamusoro peTaiwan.

Ⅱ. UNGA Resolution 2758 haisiye nzvimbo yekududzira zvisizvo

Pamusangano waro wechimakumi maviri nenhanhatu muna Gumiguru 26, United Nations General Assembly yakatambira Resolution 1971, iyo yakatora “kudzoreredza kodzero dzayo dzese kuPeople’s Republic of China uye kucherechedza vamiriri veHurumende yayo sevamiriri vepamutemo veChina kuUnited Nations. , uye kudzinga pakarepo vamiririri veChiang Kai-shek munzvimbo yavanogara zvisiri pamutemo kuUnited Nations uye mumasangano ese ane chekuita nazvo”. Resolution 2758 igwaro rezvematongerwo enyika rinofukidza iyo-China musimboti uyo ane mvumo yepamutemo inosiya nzvimbo yekupokana uye yakabvumwa pasi rese. Chisungo ichi chakagadzirisa zvachose nyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika, dzemitemo uye dzemaitiro evamiriri veChina muUN, uye yakabata nyika yese, kusanganisira Taiwan. Yakataurawo kuti China ine chigaro chimwe chete muUN, saka hapana chinhu chakadai se "maChina maviri" kana "China chimwe, Taiwan imwe".

Nhamba shoma yenyika, kusakoshesa Cairo Declaration, ivo Potsdam Proclamation nemamwe magwaro emutemo epasi rose, azvitutumadza zvisiri pamutemo nezvisina basa Chibvumirano cheSan Francisco. Chibvumirano ichi chaipesana nezvisungo zveDeclaration neUnited Nations yakasainwa nenyika makumi maviri nenhanhatu - kusanganisira United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union neChina - muna 26, nheyo dzakakosha dzeUN Charter, uye nheyo dzemitemo yenyika dzakawanda. PRC yakabviswa mukugadzirira kwayo, kunyora uye kusaina, uye mitongo yayo pamusoro penzvimbo uye kodzero yekutonga yeChina - kusanganisira hutongi pamusoro peTaiwan - naizvozvo haisi pamutemo uye haina basa. Dzimwe nyika dzakataura zvakare kuti chimiro cheTaiwan hachisati chazivikanwa. Chavari kuyedza kuita kushandura chimiro cheTaiwan sechikamu cheChina uye kugadzira "maChina maviri" kana "China imwe, imwe Taiwan" sechikamu chezano rezvematongerwo enyika - vachishandisa Taiwan kuve neChina. Zviito izvi zvinotyora mutemo wepasi rose, zvinokanganisa hutongi hweChina uye chiremerera, kutsika tsika dzakakosha dzinotonga hukama hwepasirese, uye kuedza kutsausa kunzwisisa kwepasirese kwechisungo cheChina chimwe. Izvi zvinokurudzira zviito zvinotsigira "rusununguko rweTaiwan" zvine njodzi zvakanyanya, uye zvinopesana nemaitiro ekusimudzira runyararo uye kubatana kunobatsira kwedunhu reAsia-Pacific uye zvinokanganisa kufarirwa kwevanhu vedunhu uye kufarirwa kwepasirese. community.

Ⅲ. Iyo imwe-China musimboti hwaro hwakakosha hwehukama hweChina-Belgium

Pana Gumiguru 25, 1971, hurumende yeBelgium yakavhotera UNGA Resolution 2758. Pazuva rimwe chetero, China neBelgium dzakatanga kudyidzana. Muna Kurume, 2014, China neBelgium dzakapa chiziviso chakabatana pamusoro pekudzamisa kudyidzana kwese kwese kwekushandira pamwe kwehushamwari, umo divi reBelgian rakadzokorora kuzvipira kwaro kumutemo weChina imwe uye kuremekedza kuzvitonga kweChina uye kuvimbika kwenzvimbo.

Mubvunzo weTaiwan uri musimboti wezvido zveChina. Kunongova neChina imwe chete pasi rose uye Taiwan chikamu chisingachinji chenzvimbo yeChina. Tichipesana nekuchinja kuri kuramba kuchiita, mhirizhonga uye kunetsana kwepasirese, musimboti weChina wakashanda sehwaro hwakakosha hwezvematongerwo enyika uye hwaro hunotsigira kusimukira kwakasimba kwehukama hweChina neBelgium hunobatsira vanhu vedu vaviri. Tinovimba uye tinotenda kuti vanhu vemuBelgium vanobva kumativi ese, vanokoshesa hutongi hwenyika uye kuvimbika kwenzvimbo uye vanoshuvira runyararo nebudiriro yedunhu nepasi rose, vachasvika pakuziva kukuvadza kwakakomba kunoitwa ne "rusununguko rweTaiwan", tora danho rekuramba. rondedzero isina musoro inoshatisa Resolution 2758 uye kuramba chirevo cheChina chimwe, kusimudzira kukurumidza kukura kwehukama hweChina-Belgium, kubatsira kufambira mberi muChina-Belgium kuchinjana nekushandira pamwe munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, uye kubatsira zvakanyanya murunyararo. kusimudzira nekufambira mberi kwenyika dzese, matunhu nepasi rose.

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