EU's Ambitious Climate Targets: Nei EU-China Kubatana Kwakakosha

Green Deal inotarisira kuita Europe "yekutanga mamiriro ekunze-asina kwazvakarerekera kondinendi" ne2050. Kusvika kune chinangwa hakuzove nyore. Pane matambudziko akawanda ekukunda. Sarudzo dzichangoburwa neEU Commission dzinogona kunge dzakawedzera kumatambudziko iwayo - anonyora Dick Roche, aimbove Gurukota reIrish reEuropean Affairs uye aimbove Gurukota rezvakatipoteredza.

Green Deal ine chinangwa chekutarisa mamiriro ekunze eEU, simba, zvifambiso, uye mitemo yemutero pakuwana zvinotarisirwa pasi rose zvekuburitsa kabhoni.

Pakazosvika 2030 chinangwa ndechekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse nechikamu chinosvika 55% zvichienzaniswa nemazinga a1990, kudzikisa huwandu uhu ne90% panosvika 2040 uye kuita Europe "nyika yekutanga isina kwayakarerekera kwemamiriro ekunze" panosvika 2050.  

Technology Vs Politics

Pane 24^th Dai Komisheni yakaburitsa runyorwa rwemakumi mapfumbamwe neshanu akapatsanurwa zvirevo, zviito zvemutemo, uye zvibvumirano zvakabvumiranwa kubva muna Ndira 95 senhanho dzekufambira mberi kweGreen Deal.

Pamusoro pekudonongodza mafambiro aitwa kusvika parizvino, runyoro urwu runoratidza kuoma kuri kuita mugwagwa uri mberi uye nedanho rekudyidzana kwemitemo kuEU, nyika, uye nhanho dzepasi uye pamatanho ese eindasitiri achadikanwa kupedza rwendo.  

Nepo nhanho dzeKomisheni makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu dzichinakidza, chibvumirano chezvematongerwo enyika chega hachizounza pane zvinangwa zveGreen Deal. Tekinoroji ichava kiyi yekutumira.

Muna 2021 kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaverengera ingangoita 77% yeEU yegreenhouse gasi kuburitswa. Zvekurima zvakatora 10.9% uye maindasitiri maitiro e9.2%.

Kubvisa kabhoni yesimba reEU uye kucheka kuburitswa kwezvifambiso kwakakosha kusvika kuEU 2030 uye 2040 zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze uye kuti uwane kusarerekera kabhoni panosvika 2050.

Kuti izadzise zvishuvo zvayo mukugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena uye mukubvisa kuburitswa kwezvifambiso EU inoda kushandisa matekinoroji akanakisa aripo. Nepo Europe isina kuchembera mune tekinoroji ichada vashandi vetekinoroji kuti ikunde matambudziko ainosangana nawo.

China iyo Ideal Partner.

Nekuda kwemitemo yakapusa, kudyara kukuru muR&D, uye kugona kwayo kuburitsa kugadzirwa kwakakura China ndiyo inotamba pasi rose muzuva, simba remhepo, uye mumotokari dzemagetsi.  

Icho chokwadi chinogona kusaenderana nevamwe, chinokonzeresa paranoia muUS, asi chinoramba chiri chokwadi.

Sezvakacherechedzwa neIEA kuburikidza nekudyara muPV tsvagiridzo nekugadzira China yave musha kune gumi epasi rose vatengesi vesolar photovoltaic (PV) masero ekugadzira michina. Mari iyoyo yaunza mari yesimba rezuva pasi kuita kuti simba rakachena rive chokwadi chinokwanisika.   

China zvakare mutambi ane simba musimba remhepo. Muna Kurume mapurazi emhepo ekuChina akagadzira anopfuura 100 terawatt maawa (TWh) emagetsi. Iyoyo yakanga iri nhamba yepamusoro-soro yepamwedzi yemhepo yati yambogadzirwa nenyika imwe chete. Yakanga inopfuura nekaviri mwero wakagadzirwa muUnited States, yechipiri pakukura mugadziri wemhepo, uye kanoda kusvika kapfumbamwe kupfuura inogadzirwa muGermany, nhamba yevatatu mugadziri.

Mushumo weWood Mackenzie wakabudiswa mwedzi wapera unorekodha kuti michina yakagadzirwa neChina yakaita 65% yemhepo itsva yepasi rose muna 2023. Vagadziri vana vemagetsi emhepo kubva kuChina vari muchikamu che5 chepasi rose chekuisa simba rinogadzirwa nemhepo.

Goldwind yakadanwa zvakakodzera yakaisa rekodhi 16.3 gigawatts (GW) yesimba remhepo muna 2023, ichisara iri mutungamiri wepasi rose kwegore rechipiri rakateerana, ichiteverwa neEnvision of China, Vestas yekuDenmark, uyezve Windey neMingYang, vese vanobva kuChina. .

Kana huwandu hwakaiswa muChina husingabatanidzwe kubva kuDenmark's Vestas iri nhamba yekutanga maererano nehukuru hwakaiswa.

Pamusoro pekutungamira kwayo mukugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena China zvakare iri pamberi mune smart grids, smart metres uye akakosha mutambi mukuchengeta simba rakangwara.

Kugadzira simba rakachena ndechimwe chinhu kuriwana kune vatengi ndechimwe. Mukati meEU mhepo yakawandisa kumadokero nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Solar ndiyo yakawanda yakachena simba sosi kumaodzanyemba nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero. Mhepo inowanikwa munguva yechando uye zuva muzhizha. Smart network yakakosha mukubatanidza magetsi ekugadzira mapoinzi kune yekupedzisira vatengi.

Tichitendeukira kumotokari dzemagetsi, China ndiyo inotungamira pasi rose 'vatengi' uye inotungamira mugadziri.

Maererano neIEA, inopfuura hafu yemotokari dzemagetsi mumigwagwa pasi rose dziri muChina. Muna 2023 Chinese new EV registrations yakapfuura 8 miriyoni mamaki, yakakwira 35% pamusoro pe2022. MuEurope, nhamba yacho yaive ingangoita 2.3 miriyoni. MuUS kunyoreswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kutsva kwakasvika miriyoni 1.4 kusvika 40% muna 2022, vachibatsirwa nemhando dzeEV dzakakurumbira kuti dzikwanise kuwana kiredhiti yemutero yemadhora zviuru mazana manomwe nemazana mashanu.

Musika wakakurisa wemukati uye yakanaka mitemo yehurumende inoisa nhanho yechinzvimbo cheChina mukugadzira EV.

Innovation, kunyanya mubhatiri tekinoroji, uye kudyidzana kweindasitiri kwakabatsirawo zvakanyanya. BYD yeChina inotungamira EV mugadziri inyaya mune poindi. Yakatanga semugadziri wemabhatiri enharembozha akapinda muzvibvumirano neDaimler neToyota uye akabatanidzwa mukugadzira bhatiri yemagetsi mota [BEV]. BYD yakapfuura Tesla semugadziri wepamusoro weBEV pasi rose achichengeta chinzvimbo chayo semugadziri mukuru wemabhatiri eEV.

Paranoia pamusoro pekubatana neChina

Pfungwa yekubatana neChina inokonzeresa paranoia mune mamwe makota. Izvi zvakaratidzwa zvinoshamisa makore mashoma kumashure mumushandirapamwe wekurambidza mutungamiriri wepasi rose wekugadzira michina ye5G kubva kuEuropean network. Ngano pamusoro pevaridzi, pfuma yehungwaru, mari yehurumende, uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzekuchengetedza, mazhinji acho akatangira kuUS, aitengeswa zvakanyanya. Pasina kuongororwa nemazvo ngano idzi dzakaiswa mupfungwa dzevagadziri vemitemo veEU, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo yevashandisi venetiweki veEU uye kubhuroka pazvishuwo zveEurope zvekukurumidza kuburitswa kwe5G.

Sezvineiwo matekinoroji akagadzirwa muChina anodiwa kuendesa Green Deal. Hazvina musoro kuti vagadziri vemitemo veEU vasiye chokwadi ichocho.

 Zvisinei, pane chimwe chokwadi: tiri mugore umo nyika dzakawanda dziri kuenda kunovhota musarudzo kupfuura nakare kose. Geopolitics uye simba dynamics zviri kutamba. Nenguva pfupi yezvematongerwo enyika exigency inobatsira morph kuita mutemo.

Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mumusangano weWhite House muna Chivabvu 14 apo Mutungamiri Biden vakazivisa hurongwa hwekuwedzera mutero wemotokari dzemagetsi dzinotengeswa kubva kuChina kubva pa25% kusvika ku100% uye kuwedzera kaviri mutero wemasero ezuva kubva kuChina kusvika 50% 'kuchengetedza US. vashandi”, zano resarudzo rakanangana nevavhoti veblue-collar in swing states yakakosha musarudzo dzaMbudzi dzinouya.

Kutariswa muWashington pane tekinoroji yeChinese kunoonekwawo muBrussels, sezvakaratidzwa musarudzo yeKomisheni yekuvhura kuferefeta kune vanopa Chinese vanopa maturbine emhepo, kutarisisa kwayakabhadhara pakuvandudzwa kwepaki yezuva muRomania izvo zvakaita kuti vatengesi veChina vasiye kubhidha. process uye kune yayo 12^th Chikumi chiziviso chezvikumbiro zvebasa renguva pfupi rinosvika 38.1% pakutengesa kunze kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzakaitwa kuChina.

Mitero iyi haizoshande kune vanogadzira EV veChinese chete asi ichashanda kumotokari dzinogadzirwa kuChina nemakambani akaita seTesla neBMW kuti atumire kuEurope.

Panguva iyo Europe inoda kutama kuchenesa kutakura kuisa mutero paEVs zvakaoma kunzwisisa.

Kuita kuti maEV awedzere kudhura kuchasimbisa kusahadzika nezveramangwana ravo, kushushikana kwekuda uye kukanganisa kuzadzikiswa kwechimwe chezvinangwa zvakanyanya kunetsa muGreen Deal. Chiito zvakare njodzi yekukonzeresa chiito chekudzorera.

Nekufara kwesarudzo dzeEU kuri kudzikira uye Komisheni itsva yeEU yava kuda kuumbwa, yave nguva yekufunga patsva muBrussels.

Shanduko yetekinoroji ichave yakakosha mutyairi wegirinhi uye dijitari shanduko muEurope. Kuzvida kana kusada China inoitika kuve mutungamiri mune matekinoroji akakosha kana Europe ichida kufambira mberi kusvika pakusarerekera kabhoni.

Chinhu chine musoro kuti Europe iite panguva ino kuziva chokwadi ichocho uye kugara pasi neChina uye chero vamwe vangango batirana navo kuti vagadzirise mhinduro dzemisiyano yepfungwa, yezvematongerwo enyika neyekutonga inomira munzira yekufambira mberi.

Kudzokorodza mutsara, shaya shaya iri nani pane kutengeserana hondo.

Dick Roche aimbova Gurukota reIrish reEuropean Affairs uye aimbove Gurukota rezvezvakatipoteredza.

Mufananidzo ne Michael Fouset on Unsplash

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