"Overcapacity" kana Kuti Kuti Dziviriro Yadzoka

Kwenguva yakati, vamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vekuMadokero uye vezvenhau vakadzokorodza hyp up iyo inonzi "Chinese overcapacity". Vanoti pane “kuwandisa” muchikamu chitsva chemagetsi cheChina nekuda kwerubatsiro rwehurumende uye kuti China yakatengesa “kuwedzeredza” kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, US yakazivisa mitero yakakwira kune dzakasiyana-siyana dzeChinese, kusanganisira mota dzemagetsi uye mabhatiri e-lithium, kuchengetedza hupfumi hweUS kubva kune inonzi "isina kunaka kutengeserana maitiro". "Kuwandisa" ndichowo chikonzero chakataurwa chakaita danho reEuropean Commission rekutanga kuferefeta kuferefeta mumotokari dzemagetsi dzeChinese - yekutanga munhevedzano yeongororo dzakafanana kubva gore rapfuura. Muchokwadi, iyo "yakawandisa" rondedzero inopesana nepfungwa uye chokwadi. Chaizvoizvo ichikonzero chekuti US neEU dziite matanho ekudzivirira.

Chekutanga, hapana chinonzi "kuwandisa" muchikamu chitsva chemagetsi cheChina.

Kana paine kuwandisa kunofanirwa kutariswa zvine mutsindo uye zvizere mukati mehupamhi hwekudyidzana kwepasi rose kwehupfumi, tichifunga zvizere kupihwa kwepasirese uye kudiwa, pamwe nekugona budiriro mune ramangwana.

Nyika haigone kunyorwa kuti "kuwandisa" nekuda kwekuti huwandu hwayo hwekugadzira hwakakura kupfuura zvinodiwa zvepamba. Nekumashure kwekudyidzana kwepasi rose kwehupfumi, zvese kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa ndezvepasirese. Nyika dzinopinda muchikamu chepasi rose chevashandi pamwe nekushandira pamwe zvichibva pane zvadzakanakira uye dzinoita kutengeserana nedzimwe nyika nekudyara kuti zvinyatso vandudza hupfumi hwenyika uye kugara zvakanaka. Uku kubvumirana kwenyika yose. US EU nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira dzanga dzichitengesa zvinhu zvakawanda kune dzimwe nyika. Semuyenzaniso, iyo US inotumira kunze kwe80 muzana yemachipisi ayo epamusoro-soro, Germany inotumira kunze kwe80 muzana yemotokari dzayo, uye chikamu chikuru chendege dzakagadzirwa neBoeing neAirbus ndedzekutengesa kunze. Kana tikatarisa kuChina, inongotumira kunze kwenyika 1.2 mamiriyoni emagetsi emotokari, inenge 12.7 muzana yehuwandu hwayo. Sei zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveUS neEU zvine musoro ukuwo chikamu chitsva chemagetsi cheChina chiri kupomerwa mhosva yekuendesa kunze kwenyika "kuwandisa"? Zvine musoro here?

Panyaya yechinangwa chepasi rose chekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, hapana chokwadi "kuwandisa" muchikamu chitsva chemagetsi cheChina. Parizvino, iyo inokurumidza kukura pasi rose chikamu chesimba ichiri muchikamu chayo chekutanga chebudiriro, ine matekinoroji anoramba achivandudzwa. Sezvo shanduko yegirinhi yepasi rose ichifambira mberi, pachave nekudiwa kukuru kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi matsva. Maererano nefungidziro neInternational Energy Agency, kuti ione kusarerekera kwekabhoni, nyika ichada 45 miriyoni itsva magetsi emotokari panosvika 2030, inodarika katatu iyo yekutengesa kwepasirese muna 2023. Kudiwa kwekuisa photovoltaic kuchawedzera dzimwe nguva gumi, kure. kudarika huwandu hwazvino hwekugadzira pasi rose.

IUS neEU vari kunyatso kudzidzira kudzivirira pasi pekufungidzira kwe "kuwandisa". Kana iwe uchida kubata nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, saka unofanirwa kuti kwete kudzivirira. Kana munhu akatsvaga kudzivirira, hapazove nemhinduro chaiyo yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Zvirambidzo zvakatemerwa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zveChina zvinongoderedza kurongeka kwepasirese kugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.

Chechipiri, kukwikwidza kwechikamu chesimba idzva reChina kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekuzvipira uye kushanda nesimba, kwete rubatsiro rwehurumende.

Mupendero wemakwikwi unobva kumasimba akazara anosanganisira hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, maindasitiri uye macheni ekugovera, uye musika ecology.

Kwemakore makumi maviri-pamwe chete apfuura, mabhizinesi eChinese akaramba achiisa mari mukutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye nekugadzirisa magadzirirwo emaindasitiri muchikamu chitsva chesimba. Vashoma chete ndivo vakakwanisa kurarama uye kubudirira mumakwikwi akasimba emusika. Zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakazivikanwa mumisika yemumba neyekunze. Uyu ndiwo mugumisiro wekukwikwidza kwemusika uye haugone kuwanikwa nyore nyore kuburikidza nerubatsiro. Sezvinoonekwa nevakawanda, tarisiro nezve BYD, Berkshire Hathaway Inc. yanga ichidyara muBYD kubva kutanga kwa20.

Rubatsiro rwemaindasitiri, rwakabva kuUS neEurope, rwakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya nenyika zhinji. Mitemo yekuChina yerubatsiro rwemaindasitiri inonyanya kuitirwa kutungamira uye yakatevedzera misimboti yekuenzanirana, kubuda pachena uye kusarura. Ese mabhizinesi anokodzera anoshanda muChina anogona kunakidzwa nazvo zvakaenzana. Mitemo yakakodzera yakashumwa kuWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) nekukurumidza uye yakazara. Rubatsiro rweChina harwunei nekutengesa kunze, uye hapana rubatsiro runorambidzwa neWTO. IUS neEU, zvisinei, zvakawedzera mari dzerubatsiro kuzvikamu zvakasvibira mumakore achangopfuura, mamwe kunyangwe nemaitiro ekusarura uye kusarura. Somuenzaniso, US Inflation Reduction Act inopa kusvika kuUS $ 1.2 trillion yekugadzira tekinoroji yakasvibira. Maitiro akadaro erusarura erubatsiro anotyora mitemo yeWTO uye akapikiswa nekushorwa nenyika zhinji.

Ndichiri kuwedzera rubatsiro rwavo mumaindasitiri, US neEU vakapomera China nezve "kuwandisa" nekuda kwerubatsiro rwakakura. Hazvisi izvo zvinowanzoitwa kaviri here?

Chechitatu, Bato idzva remagetsi reChina rakapa rubatsiro rwakakosha kushanduko yepasi rose kuenda kubudiriro yegirinhi.

Nemhando yepamusoro, mabasa ane simba uye mitengo inonzwisisika, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zveChina zvakanyatsozivikanwa nevashandisi vazvo. Ndichiri kusangana nezvinodiwa mudzimba uye kubatsira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zveChina zvekukwira kwekabhoni uye kusarerekera kabhoni, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zveChina zvakasimbisawo kuwanikwa kwepasirese uye kutsigira shanduko yepasi-kabhoni. Kuvandudzwa kwechikamu chesimba idzva reChina kwakasimudzira kushandiswa kwakakura kwegirinhi, dijitari uye tekinoroji dzehungwaru. Iwo matekinoroji matsva akabuda mukuita uku akapinza simba idzva mukufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kusimukira kwehupfumi. Kazhinji, kusimudzirwa kwechikamu chesimba idzva reChina kwakabatsira pakugara zvakanaka kwevatengi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana, kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwepasi rose, uye shanduko yegirinhi yepasi rose.

Mumwe haagone kungozunguza mureza wekupindura kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukumbira China kuti itore mutoro wakakura kune rumwe rutivi ichishandisa tsvimbo yekudzivirira uye kusarega zvigadzirwa zveChinese zvakasvibirira zvichibatsira nyika kune rimwe divi. Mazwi nezviito zvinopokana uye zvinonzwisisika hazvishande. Tinovimba kuti US neEU vanokwanisa kuona chikamu chesimba idzva reChina uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika zvine chinangwa uye zvakaringana, vorega kupa China mhosva nekuda kwematambudziko avo akadai sekushaikwa kwekusimudzira uye kukwikwidza muchikamu chesimba idzva, uye kurega kutora matanho ekudzivirira nguva dzese. Zvikasadaro, vanongowedzera mutoro kune vatengi vekupedzisira, kushaya simba kwekusimudzira maindasitiri uye kubvisa chivimbo mukubatana kwepasi rose kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinokanganisa kudzoreredza kwehupfumi hwenyika, budiriro, kugadzikana nebudiriro. Kutsigira misimboti yekukwikwidza kwakanaka uye kubatana kwakasununguka, China ichasimudza kutaurirana uye kurongeka nemapato akakodzera uye pamwe chete kukurudzira kukura kwegirinhi pasi rose.

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