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G20 inopedza mari yeruzhinji yemapurojekiti emagetsi epasi rose - China yakakumbira kubva kumapurojekiti emarasha eWestern Balkan nekukurumidza

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Mufananidzo: ©JustFinanceInternational (NaNemanja Pančić)
Kostolac B3 lignite magetsi emarasha arikuvakwa uye Drmno mine kuwedzera.
Nyika dzeG20 dzinosanganisira China dzakabvuma kumisa mari yeruzhinji yemapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi epasi rose gore rino [1], zvichitevera zvisungo zvakafanana neG7 neOECD., Just Finance International. 

China, iyo inowana mari yepamusoro-soro pakuvaka kwemabasa emagetsi emagetsi epasi rose, parizvino iine anopfuura 1.7 GW emagetsi akarongwa emagetsi emarasha uye 350 MW Kostolac B3 chirongwa chemagetsi emarasha chiri kuvakwa munyika dzeWestern Balkan kuSoutheast. Europe.

Nyika dzeOECD dzinosanganisira EU, Japan, Korea nedzimwe dzakabvumirana svondo rapfuura kurambidza nekukasira nzira dzakasiyana dzehurumende dzekutsigira mafemu emagetsi emagetsi epasi rose pakupera kwa2021, zvichiita kuti ive chibvumirano chekutanga chepasi rose chekumisa rutsigiro rwekutengesa kunze kwenyika. mapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi epasi rose [2]. 

Kunyange zvazvo China isiri nhengo yeOECD, uye nokudaro haina kusungwa nechibvumirano, pakutanga kwaOctober Bank of China, bhanga guru rine nhoroondo yekubhadhara mapurojekiti emarasha mhiri kwemakungwa, rakaputsika nemamwe mabhanga eChina, ikava yekutanga yeChina. sangano rezvemari kumisa mari yezvivakwa zvitsva zvepasi rose-anobatidzwa marasha nemapurojekiti emigodhi [3].

Kubva 2020 huwandu huri kuwedzera hwehupfumi huri kusimukira pamwe neBelt neMugwagwa vakatora nhanho huru kubva kune yaimbove neshuviro yekuwedzera simba remarasha zvirongwa zvakafambiswa neChina. Serbia neBosnia neHerzegovina muSoutheast Europe, zvisinei, inoramba iri hotspot yemabhizinesi ehurumende yeChina (SOEs) mukuwedzera mapurojekiti avo matsva emarasha, nepo Montenegro parizvino iri kufunga kuti ienderere mberi neyakakakavara chirimwa chemarasha neDongfang yekuChina. Electric.

MaChinese SOE anonyanya kugadzira magetsi ari kushanda muzvirongwa zvitanhatu zvemagetsi anobatidzwa nemarasha muBosnia neHerzegovina, Serbia neMontenegro, mamwe achitsigirwa nemari kubva kuChina Export-Import Bank (China Eximbank) [4].

Chitsidzo chaXi chaGunyana cheUnited Nations General Assembly chekuburitsa zviteshi zvitsva zvegetsi mhiri kwemakungwa zvakawedzera kukanganisa kuve kwechokwadi kwechirongwa chakarongwa cheTuzla 7, chiteshi chemagetsi chemarasha chine chikwereti chakatsigirwa neChina Eximbank icho chisati chavakwa, pakati. kukakavara pamusoro perubatsiro rweHurumende, kubvumidza maitiro uye shanduko kune tekinoroji iri kupihwa neGezhouba. 

Denis Žiško anobva kuAarhus Center Tuzla muBosnia neHerzegovina, anotarisisa chirongwa cheTuzla 7 chakarongwa, anoti "iri raive bhizinesi rine njodzi kubva pakutanga kwenyika yedu, kutanga payakagamuchira chikwereti cheE614 miriyoni kubva kuChina Eximbank yepurojekiti yekuvaka inobatsira. chekutanga makambani ekuChina nevashandi vawo.'' Žiško akawedzera kuti, "Mubvunzo ndewekuti sei zviremera zveChina zvichiri kumanikidza nyika yedu kuti idyare mari muchirongwa chinozokwira sechinhu chisina basa?"

"MaChinese SOE anoshanda muchivande chikuru uye anoita madhiri nevakuru vedu nevashambadziri vega pakuvaka kwakarongwa magwenya emagetsi ekupisa - senge chirongwa cheUgljevik 3 chinopisa marasha. China National Electric Engineering Corporation yakachengetedza muchivande kondirakiti yeUinjiniya, Kutenga neKuvaka (EPC) pasina kubvunzana neveruzhinji kana ruzivo rwenharaunda dzeko, "akadaro Majda Ibraković anobva kuCentre for the Environment muBosnia neHerzegovina. "Tinoda kuti China irambe yakatendeka kuvimbiso yayo uye kubuda muchirongwa chega chega chemagetsi akabatidzwa nemarasha muBosnia neHerzegovina, saka nyika yedu haina chikwereti kumasangano eChina," akawedzera. 

Zvezdan Kalmar anobva kuSerbia's Center for Ecology and Sustainable Development (CEKOR) akati: "Haasi chete mapurojekiti ese emarasha eChinese muWestern Balkans asingaenderane neazvino maitiro ekudzora kusvibiswa kweEU, asi mazhinji ari kutambudzwa nekusarongeka mumvumo yezvakatipoteredza. uye zvidzidzo zvekuongorora. " Kalmar akawedzera kuti, “China inofanira kumisa mapurojekiti emarasha mhiri kwemakungwa ayo akatanga kuvaka pasina kuwana mvumo uye kubvunza veruzhinji zvine musoro; Chigadzirwa chemarasha chekuSerbia cheKostolac B3 chiri kuvakwa muenzaniso wakadaro.''  

Wawa Wang, Director weJust Finance International akati: “Tinotambira G20 uye kunyanya kuzvipira kweChina mukupedza mari yeruzhinji yezvirongwa zvemarasha epasi rose. Nharaunda nevagari veNGOs vagara vachipokana kuve pamutemo uye kuve pamutemo kwemapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi eChinese eSOEs muWestern Balkan nekumhiri. Tsvagiridzo yedu inoratidza China ichine gumi nenhatu GW yemapurojekiti emagetsi anoshanda nemarasha - mamwe ayo akatowana mari asi asati avakwa - kutenderera pasirese [13]. China yaizofanira kusiya mapurojekiti aya nekukurumidza kuitira kuzvipira kuve nemhedzisiro yekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze. " 

Ioana Ciuta, murongi wezvemagetsi kuCEE Bankwatch Network akati: “Panguva ino yenjodzi yemamiriro ekunze tinofanira kuva nezvibvumirano zvekumisa mari yose yemafuta ezvicherwa, asi hatisati tatombogura nzira dzekushandisa marasha. Hupfumi, nharaunda uye hutano hweveruzhinji zvinongofanira kutambura kana China ikasiya musuwo wakavhurika wezvirongwa izvi zvemarasha zvisina kufanira kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurope. " 

Kubva 2020 huwandu huri kuwedzera hwehupfumi huri kusimukira pamwe neBelt neMugwagwa vakatora nhanho huru kubva kune yaimbove neshuviro yekuwedzera simba remarasha zvirongwa zvakafambiswa neChina. Serbia neBosnia neHerzegovina muEurope, zvisinei, inoramba iri hotspot yemabhizinesi ehurumende yeChina (SOEs) mukuwedzera mapurojekiti avo matsva emarasha, nepo Montenegro parizvino iri kusarudza kuenderera mberi negakava rekugadzira marasha remazuva ano neDongfang Electric yekuChina. .

Chitsidzo chaXi chaGunyana cheUnited Nations General Assembly chekuburitsa zviteshi zvitsva zvegetsi mhiri kwemakungwa zvakawedzera kukanganisa kuve kwechokwadi kwechirongwa chakarongwa cheTuzla 7, chiteshi chemagetsi chemarasha chine chikwereti chakatsigirwa neChina Eximbank icho chisati chavakwa, pakati. kukakavara pamusoro perubatsiro rweHurumende, kubvumidza maitiro uye shanduko kune tekinoroji iri kupihwa neGezhouba. 

"MaChinese SOE anoshanda muchivande chikuru uye anoita madhiri nevakuru vedu nevashambadziri vega pakuvaka kwakarongwa magwenya emagetsi ekupisa - senge chirongwa cheUgljevik 3 chinopisa marasha. China National Electric Engineering Corporation yakachengetedza muchivande kondirakiti yeUinjiniya, Kutenga neKuvaka (EPC) pasina kubvunzana neveruzhinji kana ruzivo rwenharaunda dzeko, "akadaro Majda Ibraković anobva kuCentre for the Environment muBosnia neHerzegovina. "Tinoda kuti China irambe yakatendeka kuvimbiso yayo uye kubuda mumapurojekiti ese emagetsi akabatidzwa nemarasha muBosnia neHerzegovina, saka nyika yedu haina chikwereti kune nyika dzeChina," akawedzera. 

Zvezdan Kalmar anobva kuSerbia's Center for Ecology and Sustainable Development (CEKOR) akati: "Haasi chete mapurojekiti ese emarasha eChinese muWestern Balkans asingaenderane neazvino maitiro ekudzora kusvibiswa kweEU, asi mazhinji ari kutambudzwa nekusarongeka mumvumo yezvakatipoteredza. uye zvidzidzo zvekuongorora. " Kalmar akawedzera kuti, “China inofanira kumisa mapurojekiti emarasha mhiri kwemakungwa ayo akatanga kuvaka pasina kuwana mvumo uye kubvunza veruzhinji zvine musoro; Chigadzirwa chemarasha chekuSerbia cheKostolac B3 chiri kuvakwa muenzaniso wakadaro.''  

Wawa Wang, Director weJust Finance International akati: “Tinotambira G20 uye kunyanya kuzvipira kweChina mukupedza mari yeruzhinji yezvirongwa zvemarasha epasi rose. Nharaunda nevagari veNGOs vagara vachipokana kuve pamutemo uye kuve pamutemo kwemapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi eChinese eSOEs muWestern Balkan nekumhiri. Tsvagiridzo yedu inoratidza China ichine gumi nenhatu GW yemapurojekiti emagetsi anoshanda nemarasha - mamwe ayo akatowana mari asi asati avakwa - kutenderera pasirese [13]. China yaizofanira kusiya mapurojekiti aya nekukurumidza kuitira kuzvipira kuve nemhedzisiro yekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze. " 

Ioana Ciuta, murongi wezvemagetsi kuCEE Bankwatch Network akati: “Panguva ino yenjodzi yemamiriro ekunze tinofanira kuva nezvibvumirano zvekumisa mari yose yemafuta ezvicherwa, asi hatisati tatombogura nzira dzekushandisa marasha. Hupfumi, nharaunda uye hutano hweveruzhinji zvinongofanira kutambura kana China ikasiya musuwo wakavhurika wezvirongwa izvi zvemarasha zvisina kufanira kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurope. " 

Notes
[1] Chiziviso cheVatungamiri veRoma G20 
[2] Reuters: Muchitsidzo chemamiriro ekunze, Xi anoti China haisi kuzovaka mapurojekiti matsva emagetsi emarasha kunze kwenyika 
[3] Chibvumirano chakasvika kuOECD kumisa rutsigiro rwechikwereti chekunze kunze kwezvimisikidzo zvemagetsi zvemarasha zvisina kudzikiswa.
[4] Tuzla 7, Banovići, Ugljevik muBosnia neHerzegovina, Kostolac B3 neKolubara B muSerbia, uye Pljevlja muMontengegro. 
[5] 'Kuwedzera Marasha kuMoto' muchidimbu: muchidimbu pane pakamira China muna 2021 nhoroondo yekubuda kubva kumapurojekiti emarasha epasi rose' 

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