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Yakachena uye yakasvibira - Hupfumi hutsva hwakagadzirirwa kushandura Caribbean

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5 makore apfuura

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

Shanduko dzekudengenyeka kwenyika dziri kuitika mukuvakwa kwehupfumi hwenyika sezvo nyika dziri kukurumidza kuyedza kushandura hupfumi hwakachena uye hwakasvibira. Muna 2015, pamusangano weUnited Nations Climate Change unozivikanwa seCOP21, vatungamiri venyika vakasaina Chibvumirano cheParis chinokosha. Chibvumirano ichi chakaratidza chishuvo chemubatanidzwa chenyika zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nenhanhatu chekubatsira pachinangwa chekudzikamisa kudziya kwepasi uye kugadzirisa zvinobudirira shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Mhedzisiro yehupfumi hwepasi rose yaive yakakura zvakapihwa kukosha kwekuchinja kubva kumafuta ezvicherwa, anonyora Deodat Maharaj.

Kuzadzisa kudzikiswa uku, nyika dzakagadzira zvinangwa zvekudzikisa hutsi hune chekuita nemafuta efossil anozivikanwa sekuti mipiro yenyika (NDCs). United States, imwe yemabatiro makuru mushanduko iyi yatora chibvumirano neBiden Administration iyo yakatogadzira zvinangwa zvekuda. Sarudzo yeUnited States yekugashira zvizere hupfumi hwakachena uye hwakasvibira hwaizongomhanyisa shanduko.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti avo vakagamuchira shanduko kune zvinovandudza zvakare vanocherechedzawo mikana mikuru yehupfumi yainopa mune inova hupfumi hutsva. Tichifunga nezvekusagadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze uye matambudziko ehupfumi senyika diki dzichiri kusimukira, isu hatina sarudzo kunze kwekuita zvimwe chete. Kune zvakare nyaya yakasimba yehupfumi yekuita izvi yakapihwa isu pachedu kuita kwehupfumi uye kudiwa kwesarudzo nyowani.

Sekureva kweWorld Bank, mukati menguva ya2009 - 2019, hupfumi hwenyika diki muCaribbean hwakakura neisingasviki hafu yezana muzana kana paavhareji chiyero che 0.38%, kunyatsojeka. Nekuenzanisa, avhareji yekukura kwematunhu madiki pasi rose panguva iyi yaive 3.08%. Denda reCCIDID-19 rakangoshanda kuwedzera matambudziko edu, nekumisikidza kwenhamba-mbiri yehupfumi kwakarongerwa nyika zhinji muDunhu redu. Muchidimbu, hatisi kuita zvakanaka kana tichienzanisa nevamwe kunyangwe isu tese tiri kutarisana nematambudziko akafanana.

Kurutivi rwakanaka, takaziva dikanwo yokuita ichi chinjo. Sezvineiwo, kubvira 2013 nyika dzeCARICOM dzakabvumirana padanho resimba redunhu iro rine chinangwa chekuzadzisa zvakatarwa zve decarbonisation uye kushanda nesimba uku uchiwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwesimba. Pamusoro pezvo, nyika dzeCaribbean, sedzimwe dzakawanda, dzakagadzira maNDC dzikave bato kuChibvumirano cheParis. Nyika dzeCaribbean dzakaonawo zvakanyanya kuti zvine hungwaru kugashira hupfumi hutsva hunopihwa neakaderera kabhoni maindasitiri uye zvikamu.

Ko hupfumi hutsva huchave nemhedzisiro yei?
Chekutanga uye chakakosha, hupfumi hutsva hunopa mukana wakakura mukugadzira mabasa. Shanduko ichapa mikana yemabasa anobhadhara zvakanyanya uye kudzikiswa kwehurombo. Mumushumo wakabatanidzwa wakaburitswa muna 2020 neInternational Labour Organisation neInter-American Development Bank, zvakafungidzirwa kuti decarbonisation ichatungamira kuwedzera kwemabasa muCaribbean ne3.1%, ndiko kuti, kuumbwa kwemabasa anosvika mazana mana ezviuru. Mabasa chinhu chakakosha uye, nechikonzero ichocho, isu chete tine mhosva yakasimba.

Panewo mukana unofambidzana wokukura. Sangano reInternational Renewable Energy Agency rinofungidzira kuti padhora rega rega rekuUS rakadyarwa mukuchinja kwesimba, imwezve US 93 masendi ekukura kweGDP ichaitika pamusoro pemamiriro ebhizinesi-semazuva ese. Mukati meindasitiri yemagetsi anovandudzwa, mafemu ari kubuda anogona kuita engineering, kutenga, kuvaka, kushanda, uye kugadzirisa masevhisi. Makambani emagetsi masevhisi ari kusimukira anogona kupa kudiwa-parutivi manejimendi masevhisi uye mabasa.

Kunze kwezviitwa zvepakati zveindasitiri yesimba rinodzokororwa, mainjiniya, kuvaka, zvemutemo, zvemari, kutakura zvinhu uye masevhisi ekufambisa zvese zvichange zvichidikanwa kutsigira kusimudzirwa kwemapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi. Muchokwadi, hapana chikamu chehupfumi chichasiiwa chisina kubatwa nekuchinja kwesimba. Kuiswa kwemagetsi kwebazi rezvekutakurwa kuchada kuti patange kugadzirwa kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja zvinofambiswa nemagetsi. Kufamba kune hupfumi hwegirini kunosimudzira hunyanzvi hunodiwa. Kunyanya kukosha, zvichabatsira kudzikisira mitengo yekugadzira muNzvimbo iyo mari yemagetsi iri pakati pepamusoro-soro pasirese uye inodzivirira kukudyara kutsva.  

Kuziva kugona kukuru kwehupfumi hutsva uhu Caribbean Export yanga ichibatsira kushanduko iyi kuburikidza nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi uye nemari. Kunyanya zvakanyanya, isu takaita masimba ekutonga masimba ekupindira padanho rekambani. Kubva 2017, 26% yemari yedu yerubatsiro nerutsigiro kubva kuEuropean Union yakaenda kumapurojekiti emagetsi anogonesa uye simba. Isu tiri kuwedzera hukama hwedu nevatinoshanda navo uye mafemu, kubatsira kusimudzira network yevane mari, vagadziri vehunyanzvi uye vanopa masevhisi. Isu tinoona iri sedanho rakakosha mukutsigira kusvibira kwemabhizinesi.

Investment muRenewable Energy
Caribbean Export senzvimbo inotungamira yedunhu ine mari yekukwezva mari yekunze yakananga kuNzvimbo yedu, isu tinoziva zvakanyanya nezvehukuru hwekudyara huchadikanwa kutsigira zvinobudirira shanduko yesimba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, takabatana neCaribbean Association of Investment Promotion Agencies kuita kutungamira kwekudyara muchikamu ichi sechinhu chakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa kune solar photovoltaics (PV) uye mhepo, maviri ehunyanzvi matekinoroji eDunhu redu. Panyaya iyi tanga tichigadzira dandemutande revanodyidzana nedonzvo rekusimudzira mari mudunhu redu. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti mabhodhoro ekudzora anofanirwa kutariswa sechinhu chekutanga kuti uwane budiriro pachiyero chinodiwa.

Muchidimbu, shanduko yehupfumi hutsva inotivhurira nyika yemukana kunyanya mukugadzira mabasa akakosha uye kuunza kukura kunodiwa. Tinoziva kuti budiriro ichaenderana nekuvaka mubatanidzwa wakafaranuka kuti upe mibairo kuvanhu veCaribbean. Isu kuCaribbean Export takatsunga kuita chikamu chedu uye kuramba takazvipira kune iyi ajenda.

Deodat Maharaj (kufananidzwa) ndiye director director weCaribbean Export Development Agency uye anogona kusvikwa pa: [email inodzivirirwa]

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