Ko Neftochim's nationalization inonyanya kukwezva kuBulgaria kupfuura mabhiriyoni ari kuuya kubva kuBrussels?

Panzvimbo pekupfuudza pasuru inodiwa yemitemo kuti igamuchire mari yeEU pasi peChirongwa cheKudzoreredza uye Sustainable Development Plan, People's Assembly yeBulgaria (paramende yenyika) yakakurumidza kupasisa mitemo mitatu inoumba mamiriro ekuderedzwa kwebhizimusi rakazvimiririra rakabudirira uye kuendesa kuhurumende. control. VaBulgaria vanonyatsoziva chirongwa ichi: nyika ichave maneja asina kunyatsoshanda uye ichaisa vakaremara zvakanyanya, asi zvakadaro zvakakosha, zvinhu zvinotengeswa kune "vanhu vakarurama." Mubvunzo unoramba uripo: ndiani anotevera muridzi wenzvimbo huru yekuchenesa oiri muBalkan kuve?

Paramende yechi48 yeBulgaria yakatanga basa rayo muna Gumiguru 2022 uye yakapedza mwedzi mitatu gare gare, muna Ndira 2023. Mutungamiri weRepublic, Rumen Radev, akakurudzira vatevedzeri vehurumende kuti vasarudze hurumende inotevera, kutora bhajeti renyika idzva uye kuvhota shanduko dzakaunzwa nehurumende yenguva pfupi, iyo inosanganisira mitemo makumi maviri nemaviri inodiwa kuti Bulgaria iwane 22 bhiriyoni euros kubva kuEU. Mari iyi yakabvumidzwa neEuropean Commission sechikamu cheBulgaria's Recovery and Sustainable Development Plan, asi kuendeswa kunyika iyi kunoda shanduko huru muBulgaria.

Paramende haina kuvhotera mutemo mumwechete kunze makumi maviri nemaviri pasuru pamwe nemirairo yeEU. Kuedza kweMP kwakatsaurirwa kumitemo mitatu ichangobva kugadzirwa inotsigirwa neruzhinji rwemapato - GERB, DPS neDemocratic Bulgaria. Vagara vachitadza kusvika pakunzwisisa pamimwe mibvunzo. Mitemo yose mitatu yakagamuchirwa nechikonzero chekutarisa kutevedza zvirango zveEU uye ine chekuita nekambani imwe chete - iyo huru yekunatsa mafuta muBalkan, LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas.

Chero ani anofarira bhizinesi remafuta muBulgaria anonyatsoziva tekinoroji yehuwandu hwekunatsa mabhiriyoni emadhora. Muchinzvimbo chayo chazvino sekunatsa kukuru uye kwemazuva ano munyika, Neftochim Burgas yaizodhura zvakanyanya kuti itengwe nevatungamiriri "vakakodzera". Nekudaro, kana chirimwa chikava chisingabatsiri, muridzi achamanikidzwa kuchitengesa nemutengo mukuru. Mitemo mitatu, yakasainwa neMutungamiri Radev zvakanyanya kudzikisa chimiro cheasset.

Mutemo wekutanga unobvumidza kubviswa kwe70% yemusiyano pakati pemutengo weUrals neBrent oiri, yakapetwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemafuta anopihwa kumusika. Mutemo wechipiri unofungidzira kubviswa kwemvumo yeNeftochim Burgas yechiteshi cheRosenets, iyo iyo yakawanda yemafuta inotengeswa kuBulgaria. Pakupedzisira, mutemo wechitatu unoreva kuiswa kwehutungamiri hwekushanda kwehurumende panzvimbo yekuchenesa, inoruramiswa nekukosha kwehutano hwebhizimisi. Vanyori vanopembedza kutarisa kwavo pakunatsa nekushandira pamwe pakati pemapato anokwikwidza ane zvinonetsa vatengi.

Bulgaria inonakidzwa nekuzvidzwa kubva kuEurope zvirango pakutengwa kwemafuta eRussia uye zvigadzirwa zvepetroleum. Mafuta muBulgaria atove akachipa muEU yese, uye Neftohim yekuchenesa yave kutobhadhara mutero we33% pamari yakawandisa maererano nemitemo yeEuropean, nyika ichatora imwe 70% kubva pamusiyano pakati pemutengo weBrent neUrals mafuta, uye ichavadzosera kune vatengi kuburikidza nerubatsiro rwehurumende. Kunze kwekunge European Commission yaona kuti iyi imari uye inotora 75% yemari iyi ichitevera mitemo yeEurope.

Vezvematongerwo enyika vanotsanangura kuti mune ramangwana refineries achabhadhariswa kuwana zvivakwa zvechiteshi, uye nekudaro nyika ichawana purofiti yakawanda. Mutero wepamberi wemitero uye VAT ichaunzwa zvakare. Nekudaro, kana chirimwa chikatadza kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, nyika inozotora manejimendi ekushanda, zvakare "mukuda kwemutengi."

Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe vatori venhau vekuBulgaria vanofungidzira kuti hurongwa hwemutemo hwakanangana nechirimwa ichi zviri mukuda kwevamwe varidzi vekuBulgaria vekunatsa, Insa Oil. Nguva pfupi yadarika, yakaunza homwe ichangobva kugadzirwa yekuAmerica senhengo yekutanga uye inoronga kuwedzera mabasa ayo munyika dzeEurope. Mabhuku akati wandei muBulgarian media anobatanidza muridzi weInsa Oiri, Georgy Samuilov, ane hunyanzvi hwekuita bhizinesi uye kutsigira zvematongerwo enyika. Kana zvimiro zvake zvikave zvingangove vatengi veNeftohim Burgas, izvi hazvishamisi vazhinji vekuBulgaria.

Munyika yakaita seBulgaria, iyo yakashoropodzwa nehuori kwemakumi emakore, chirongwa chakadaro chinozivikanwa uye chave chichishandiswa kakawanda mumakore gumi nemashanu apfuura: muchina wehurumende unotarisa kune rimwe bhizinesi rakabudirira, rinoita kuti rive risina hupenyu, uye rinoshandura muridzi wayo. . Naizvozvo, fungidziro yekuti kusaita purofiti kwechirimwa ndicho chinangwa chekupedzisira chekugadzirisa mutemo hakuna kushaya pfungwa.

Saka Neftohim refinery ndeyekambani yeRussia, kudzvanywa kwacho kunoruramiswa nehurongwa hwezvirango hunotevedzwa neEU. Nekudaro, Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weHurumende uye Gurukota rezvekutakurwa, Khristo Aleksiev haaone zvine musoro muzvirongwa zvevatevedzeri. "Kunyangwe neongororo yakapihwa kuParamende, yakatora mitemo uye sarudzo dzinogadzira njodzi dzekukwira kwemitengo uye kumiswa kweNeftochim Burgas kushanda. Vamiriri veParamende havafanirwe kunge vakaisa mitemo inodzvinyirira kupfuura zvinodiwa neEuropean Commission. Aya maEC compromises akaitwa chaizvo kuti ape Bulgaria, senyika ine hurombo muEU, mukana wekutora mukana wekunonoka uku, saka ini handisi kuona pfungwa dzeMPs, nei taifanira kunge takaenda kune iyi nyaya mune yakadai. nzira yakasimba, "Aleksiev akaudza vatori venhau. Ane chokwadi chekuti "kutora hurongwa hwese hwekugovera mafuta asina kuchena, kugadzira uye kugovera inzira yakaoma kwazvo uye zviri pachena kuti nyika haina ruzivo neruzivo rwakadaro.

Iye zvino hurumende yeBulgaria inotaridzika zvakanyanya kunetsa pamberi peEuropean Commission. Panzvimbo yekuzivisa nezvekuzadzikiswa kwemamiriro ekupa nyika mari inodiwa yeEU, inotumira mitemo yakasiyana yekuzivisa kuBrussels. European Commission ichange yaongorora kutevedzera kwavo mutemo weEU nemitemo yekutengeserana kwenyika, kana rubatsiro rwehurumende rwakavhoterwa rwakarurama uye kana kuiswa kwemitero yakavanzwa kuedza kuisa bhizinesi kune bhizinesi.

Kana Brussels ikabvumidza mitemo mitatu, Neftochim Burgas ichave pasi peyakajairwa 10% yemutero wemari pamwe ne33% mupiro wekubatana, unogamuchirwa zvinoenderana nemirairo yeEuropean. Uye, nekuwedzera, kumubhadharo we70% yemusiyano pakati pemitengo yebenchmark crudes.

Yakasanganiswa nekusasvika pachiteshi mimwe mitero, muripo, maexcises uye akagadziridzwa mazwi emutero aripo anogona kuita kuti bhizinesi reNeftochim risaite purofiti uye kudzikisa chimiro cheasset. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mabasa ezviuru gumi zvevanhu, pamwe nezana mamwe makambani ekuBulgaria, akabatana nebasa rayo rekushanda.

Zvisinei, kana LUKOIL inosarudza kubvisa kubva pamusika weBulgaria, muridzi mutsva, chero angave ari ani, achafanirwa kukurumidza kuchengetedza mafuta akareba kwenguva refu. Ipapo Bulgaria ichafanirwa kukwikwidza mafuta anodhura asiri eRussia nedzimwe nyika dzakaita seTurkey. Muchiitiko ichi, nyika inogona kukanganwa kwete chete nezvekubviswa kwemari yakawandisa, asiwo nezvehuwandu hunokosha hwemitero, mitero uye kubhadhara kwekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu kunouya mubhajeti yeBulgaria. Izvi zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa kune vagari venyika yeEU inotambura zvakanyanya.

Kune rumwe rutivi, Neftochim Burgas ndiye mugadziri mukuru wemafuta anopedzwa kwete muBulgaria chete, asiwo mune dzimwe nyika dzeBalkan. Kuvharwa kwekunatsa mumamiriro ezvinhu eEuropean dambudziko redhiziri rinogona kusiya dunhu rose risina mafuta. Nokudaro, mukuita, mitemo mitatu yakagarwa nhaka kubva kuhupenyu hupfupi hweParamende yeBulgaria ye48 inguva-bhomba kune chero hurumende yeBulgaria yeramangwana, uye yenharaunda yose.

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