Kuitwa kwemutemo wevashandi kunofanirwa kupihwa pekutanga kuti uwane mabhenefiti eGSP

Nguva pfupi yadarika, Chipangamazano wezvemari Dr Salehuddin Ahmed vakataura kuti nyika iri kutevera kuyedza kumutsiridza zvivakwa zveGSP kuitira kuti ideredze kusawirirana kwekutengeserana neUS. Pakutanga, Commerce Adviser Sheikh Bashir Uddin akataura kuti kuwana zvakare mukana wemahara (GSP) wezvigadzirwa zveBangladeshi kumusika weUS, zvinodiwa nenyika maererano nekodzero dzevashandi zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa. The interim administration iri kufamba nenzira iyoyo. Izvi pasina kupokana idanho rakanaka nehurumende yenguva iripo, sezvo zvirongwa zveGSP zvichipa kurapwa kwakasarudzika, sekuwana mahara, kune nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzinozadzisa zvakatarwa, kusanganisira kuremekedza mitemo yevashandi vepasi rose. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kushandiswa kwemutemo wevashandi kwakasimba uye kuteedzerwa hakusi kungotevedzera zvinodiwa neGSP; dzakakoshawo mukusimudzira budiriro yeupfumi yakaenzanirana uye inoenderera mberi, anonyora Abu Sufian, muongorori akazvimirira uye munyori akazvimirira, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Parizvino, 85 muzana yemari yose yekuwana kunze kwenyika yeBangladesh inobva mumbatya dzakagadzirwa. Nyika iyi iri pachinhanho chechipiri pasi rose panyaya dzembatya dzakatogadzirwa kunze kwenyika. Vakwikwidzi veBangladesh vava Vietnam, Cambodia, neLaos. Nekudaro, zvichanetsa kuDhaka kuchengetedza chinzvimbo chayo mumusika wepasi rose wembatya mumazuva anouya. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti mitemo yevashandi muBangladesh haina kusvika kune dzimwe nyika. Bangladesh yagara ichishoropodzwa munharaunda dzepasi rose nekutyora kwayo kodzero dzevanhu uye kodzero dzevashandi. Zvinosuruvarisa, Bangladesh yakashoropodzwa zvakanyanya nemamiriro ayo ekushanda, kodzero dzevashandi, kushandiswa kwevana, masangano evashandi, uye mihoro midiki.

Musi waZvita 1, 2024, muhoro wepagore wevashandi vanoshanda muindasitiri yembatya wakawedzerwa ne9 muzana. Kunobvira here kuchengeta mupimo wokurarama wavashandi kupfurikidza nokuwedzera mihoro yavo yegore negore ne9 muzana mukati mokukwira kwemitengo kwakakwira kwezvokudya? Vashandi vaida 15 muzana. Kusagutsikana pakati pevashandi kwakakura pamusoro pechisarudzo ichi. Nemhaka yokuti wedzero yomuhoro ye9 muzana mukati mokukwira kwemitengo yakakwira ichakundikana kuva nechokwadi chemararamiro evashandi. MuBangladesh, mihoro yemuhoro haiwedzeri pamwero wakafanana nekukwira kwemitengo. Maererano neBBS data, inflation yechikafu yakakwira kusvika pa14.10 muzana muna Chikunguru gore rapfuura. Panguva iyoyo, mwero wekukura kwemuhoro waingova 6.17 muzana. Gare gare, muna Mbudzi, mwero wemihoro wakawedzera ne8.10 muzana kana uchipikisa kukwira kwemitengo yezvokudya kwe13.80 muzana. Kubva pane idzi nhamba, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti mari shoma yaidiwa nevashandi ve25,000 taka yakanga isinganzwisisike.

Nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo, mari chaiyo uye simba rekutenga zviri kudzikira. Vashandi vave kunyimwa zvokudya zvine mwero. Vari kurwara. Nekuda kweizvozvo, goho revashandi riri kudzikira. Izvi zviri kukanganisa hupfumi. Nyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi, Dr. Debapriya Bhattacharya, mukuru weEconomic White Paper Committee, vakati Bangladesh yakabatirira pamusungo wekuwana mari yepakati nekuda kwekushomeka kwevashandi muzvikamu zveindasitiri, zvekurima, uye zvebasa. Chirevo cheInternational Labour Organisation (ILO) cha2024-25 chakataura kuti Bangladesh iri pachinhanho chechitatu muSouth Asia pakunyorwa kwevashandi vanotambira mari shoma. Mubairo wepasi muBangladesh i$105 (ikozvino uri kuwedzera zvishoma), Vietnam i$132-192, Sri Lanka i$125, Jordani i$366, Haiti i$159, uye Indonesia i$258-320. Bangladesh yanga ichishanda mabasa ayo ekugadzira mbatya nevashandi vakachipa kwemakore makumi mana nemashanu. Munyika yanhasi, hazvigoneke kurarama mumusika wemakwikwi nevashandi vakachipa.

European Union (EU) neUnited States dzakaramba dzichiratidza kushushikana nevashandi vakachipa muBangladesh. Vanga vachikurudzira kuwedzera mari inotambirwa nevashandi inoenderana nepasi rose. Nhumwa dzevashandi vekuUS dzakauya kuDhaka kubva muna Mbudzi 22-25 gore rakapera kuzoongorora nyaya dzine chekuita nevashandi. Mumiriri weUS akati mutengo wezvinhu hausi kuzokwira kana vakabatikana nebasa rakachipa. Makambani ane mukurumbira pasi rose haatombotengi vashandi vakachipa. Kana mibairo yevashandi muchikamu chembatya dzakagadzirwa muBangladesh ichikwira pamwero unogutsa, vatengi veUS vanovimbisa maodha ekutenga kwenguva refu. Zvakakosha kuti titaure kuti United States yakasaina chibvumirano nevaridzi vefekitori yeCambodian icho chaisanganisira zvisungo zvinoti kana mubhadharo wevashandi ukawedzerwa, vatengi veUS vanovimbisa kubhuka kumberi kuburikidza nemirairo yekutenga kwenguva refu.

United States inoda kuzadzikiswa kwemapoinzi gumi nerimwe ane chekuita nekodzero dzevashandi muBangladesh. Sechikamu cheizvi, kunyoreswa kwemubatanidzwa wevashandi kunofanirwa kuitwa nyore kuti kuve nechokwadi chekodzero dzevashandi. Yakasimbisawo kuwedzera muhoro wepasi uye kuve nechokwadi chemaitiro evashandi. MuBangladesh, mubatanidzwa wevashandi unogona kuumbwa mufekitori kana ishoma ye11% yemvumo yevashandi. United States ikozvino inoda kuidzikisa kusvika kugumi muzana. Embassy yeUS kuDhaka yakati mukuburitswa kwenhau kuti kugadzirisa matambudziko akareba kukodzero dzevashandi kwakakosha kune demokrasi nekutonga kweBangladesh. Yakawedzera kuti kugoneswa kwevashandi kwakakosha pakukura kwehupfumi uye kwakabatana, kuremekedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, kugadzikana kwedemocracy, uye kuenzana kwevakadzi.

Bangladesh yakanyimwa mabhenefiti ekutengeserana nekuda kwenyaya dzine chekuita nevashandi. Kana ikasiya nyika isina kusimukira, Bangladesh haizowana mabhenefiti ekutengeserana (GSP) kubva kuEU. Zvadaro, zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutengwa kunze kwenyika nemitengo yakakwirira. Zvekare, kana kodzero dzevashandi dzisina kuvimbiswa, GSP Plus mabhenefiti kubva kuEU haizovepo. GSP+ chirongwa chakakosha chekukurudzira chekusimudzira uye kutonga kwakanaka kwenyika dziri kusimukira. Nyika dziri munjodzi dzinoreva avo vari kutambura nekushaikwa kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika zvakasiyana-siyana uye kusakwana kubatanidzwa mukati mehurongwa hwekutengeserana kwenyika. Kuti uwane mabhenefiti eGSP Plus kubva kuEU, Bangladesh inofanirwa kutevedzera makumi matatu nemaviri magungano epasi rese. Pamusoro pezvo, chirongwa cheNational Action Plan (NAP) chakaumbwa nehurumende pamusoro pechikamu chevashandi chinofanirwa kutevedzerwa. NAP inobata zvinhu zvipfumbamwe zvakakura, zvinosanganisira kuumba Mutemo weBasa weBangladesh uchiteerana nezviyero zveILO parusununguko rwekubatana uye kutaurirana pamwe chete, uye kubviswa kwekushandiswa kwevana nenzira dzese panosvika gore ra32.

58 muzana yezvese zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zveBangladesh zvinoenda kunyika dzeEU. Kana GSP ikamiswa, 8.7 muzana yebasa ichafanirwa kubhadharwa. Mari inowaniswa kunze kwenyika inodzikira. Zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutumirwa kuUnited States nemutero wezvikamu gumi nezvitanhatu kubva muzana. Rapid Research Institute yakataura kuti 16 muzana yembatya dzinotengwa neEU kubva kunyika dzisiri dzeEU dzinotengwa kubva kuBangladesh. Saka, musika weEU wakakosha kune Bangladeshi mbatya kunze kwenyika. Izvo zvinodikanwa kutaura kuti US yakadzima mabhenefiti eGSP yeBangladesh mushure mekudonha kweRana Plaza uye nemoto weTazreen Fashions. Nekudaro, kana Bangladesh ikakwanisa kufambira mberi pamitemo yevashandi, kodzero dzevashandi, uye kodzero dzevanhu, saka mikana yekuwana GSP Plus mabhenefiti kubva kuEU ichawedzera. Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti Bangladesh yakatambira 'Universal Periodic Review' yakapihwa neEU muna 21.7. Zviri kukurumidza kuzviita.

Hurumende yenguva pfupi yatanga mabhindauko muzvikamu zvakawanda. Zvichakadaro, 'Komisheni yeKuvandudza Basa' yakaumbwa. America yatambira kuumbwa kwekomisheni iyi. Chipangamazano mukuru anoda kuunza mitemo yevashandi padanho repasi rose. Mari inotumirwa nevanobva kunze kwenyika uye mihoro yekunze yakatsigira hupfumi hunoenderana nekutengwa kweBangladesh. Bangladesh haina imwe sarudzo kunze kwekutora matanho anodiwa ekumisikidza kodzero dzevashandi kuchengetedza misika yekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Kana Bangladesh ichida kurarama nevezera vayo, saka kodzero dzevashandi dzinofanirwa kuve nechokwadi.

Goverana ichi chinyorwa: