Mutemo wezvekunze weAzerbaijan senyika iri pakati nepakati uye basa rayo mukusimudzira rugare rwedunhu

Muhurongwa hwemazuva ano hwehukama hwenyika, simba renyika haringoonekwi chete nehukuru hwenzvimbo dzadzo kana huwandu hwevanhu, asiwo nekushingaira kwadzo mukusimudzira zvematongerwo enyika, kugona kwehupfumi, kugona kwemauto, uye kugona kuumba maitiro epasi rose. Kubva pamaonero aya, Republic of Azerbaijan, ine simba rayo riri kukura padanho redunhu nepasi rose mumakore achangopfuura, inogona kutsanangurwa senyika ine chinzvimbo chepakati pesimba., akanyora Dr. Matin Mammadli, Mukuru weDhipatimendi kuBaku-based Center of Analysis of Hukama Hwenyika Dzese (AİR Center).

Mudzidziso yehukama hwenyika, nyika dzepakati, kunyangwe dzisina zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvenyika huru, dzinogona kushandisa simba guru pakufambira mberi kwenharaunda nepasi rose kuburikidza nekudyidzana, kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzakawanda, uye zvirongwa zvepasi rose¹. Nyika dzepakati dzinowanzo koshesa kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwenyika dzese, kusimbiswa kwemasangano epasi rose, uye kugadziriswa kwekusawirirana murunyararo kuburikidza nenzira dzekudyidzana.

Mushure mekudzorerwa kwerusununguko rwayo, Azerbaijan yakagadzira mutemo wayo wekunze kwenyika pamisimboti yekuchengetedza zvido zvenyika, kusimbisa hutongi hwenyika, uye kuwedzera kushandira pamwe kwenyika. Kunyanya mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, kufambira mberi kwehupfumi hwenyika, kuwedzera kugona kwemauto, uye kuwedzera kwekushingaira kwezvematongerwo enyika zvakasimbisa zvakanyanya chinzvimbo cheAzerbaijan senyika iri pakati nepakati mukati mehurongwa hwenyika. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvakawanda zvinotsigira kurongwa kweAzerbaijan senyika iri pakati nepakati. Chekutanga, nyika iyi inotevedzera mutemo wekunze unoshanda uye une mativi akawanda. Azerbaijan inobatanidzwa zvikuru mumapuratifomu akawanda epasi rose, anosanganisira Sangano reTurkic States, Sangano reNon-Aligned, Sangano reIslamic Cooperation, OSCE neUnited Nations².

Zvirongwa zviri kuitwa mukati memasangano aya zvinowedzera mikana yeAzerbaijan yekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika uye kusimudzira chinzvimbo chayo pasi rose. Kuva sachigaro weNation-Aligned Movement yeAzerbaijan kubva muna 2019 kusvika 2023 kwaive chimwe chezviratidzo zvakajeka zvemukurumbira wayo wepasi rose. Kunyanya, panguva yedenda reCOVID-19, chirongwa cheAzerbaijan chekukoka Musangano weMusangano weNation-Aligned Movement paindaneti uye kupa rubatsiro kunyika dziri kusimukira chinogona kuonekwa semupiro wekubatana kwepasi rose.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chiripo padanho reAzerbaijan repakati penyika inyaya yekuti ine mitemo yekunze yakaenzana. Baku yepamutemo inotsvaga kuumba hukama hunobatsirana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzezvematongerwo enyika, kusanganisira Türkiye, European Union, United States, Russia, China, nenyika yese yeMuslim.

Mutemo uyu unogonesa Azerbaijan kuchengetedza kuchinjika kwehurongwa mukati memamiriro ekunze ari kuchinja. Nzvimbo yenyika yakakoshawo zvikuru. Azerbaijan iri pamharadzano yemigwagwa yekufambisa yeEast-West neNorth-South. Mapurojekiti akadai seBaku-Tbilisi-Kars Railway, Middle Corridor, uye International North-South Transport Corridor anosimbisa basa reAzerbaijan senzvimbo yekubatanidza nekutakura zvinhu munharaunda.

Hukama hwesimba hunoumba imwe yenheyo huru dzesimba reAzerbaijan pasi rose. Kuburikidza nemapurojekiti akadai seSouthern Gas Corridor, TANAP, neTAP, Azerbaijan yave mubatsiri akakosha mukuona kuchengetedzwa kwesimba muEurope. Kunyanya mushure mehondo yeRussia neUkraine, basa reAzerbaijan muhurongwa hweEuropean Union hwekusiyanisa simba rakawedzera zvakanyanya.

Pamusoro pezvo, Azerbaijan ine imwe yemasimba ehondo akasimba mudunhu iri. Kukunda kwakaitwa panguva yeHondo Yechipiri yeKarabakh muna 2020 uye kudzorerwa kwehutongi hwenyika kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kugona kwemauto eAzerbaijan uye huremu hwehurongwa. Kubatanidzwa kwesimba remauto nehunyanzvi hwezvematongerwo enyika ndeimwe yezvinhu zvikuru zvinosimbisa chinzvimbo cheAzerbaijan senyika iri pakati nepakati.

Mipiro yeAzerbaijan murugare rwedunhu nepasi rose senyika iri pakati nepakati

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha kumasimba ari pakati nepakati kuzvipira kwavo kukurudzira kugadzikana nekushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese. Mutemo weAzerbaijan wezvekunze wakagadzirwawo nenzira iyi. Kwemakore mazhinji, Azerbaijan yakashanda senzvimbo inogamuchira uye inoronga mapuratifomu epasi rose anokurudzira hurukuro dzetsika nezvitendero zvakasiyana. Musangano weWorld Forum on Intercultural Dialogue, unoitirwa mukati meBaku Process, unobatsira kusimbisa kunzwisisana pakati pemarudzi akasiyana.

Uyezve, Azerbaijan inobatanidzwa zvikuru muzvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubatsira vanhu pasi rose uye inopa rutsigiro kunyika dziri kusimukira. Munguva yayo yekuva sachigaro weNon-Aligned Movement, zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa kudzivirira zvido zvenyika dzeGlobal South zvakasimbisa chinzvimbo chenyika semubati wekuvaka mukati mehurongwa hwepasi rose⁴.
Chiratidzo chakakosha chekuwedzera kwemukurumbira weAzerbaijan pasi rose ndechekugamuchira kwayo zviitiko zvikuru zvepasi rose.

Kuitwa kweMusangano wechi29 weMusangano weMapato eUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP29) muBaku muna 2024 kwakaratidza chivimbo chakapihwa nenyika yepasi rose uye kugona kwayo kupa rubatsiro kuhurongwa hwepasi rose hwemamiriro ekunze. COP29 inonyanya kukosha mukusimbisa hurukuro pakati penyika dzakabudirira nedzichiri kusimukira panyaya dzemari yemamiriro ekunze, shanduko yezvakatipoteredza, uye budiriro inoenderera mberi.

Saizvozvowo, mapuratifomu epasi rose akadai seWorld Urban Forum (WUF), yakaitirwa muBaku, anokurudzira kushandira pamwe pasi rose muminda yekusimudzira maguta, kukura kwemaguta, uye hutongi hunobatanidza vanhu vose. Zviitiko zvakadaro zvinosimbisa chinzvimbo cheAzerbaijan senyika iri pakati nepakati inokurudzira hurukuro, kushandira pamwe, uye kusimudzira magariro kwete chete munzvimbo dzedunhu asiwo pasi rose.

Azerbaijan inobatsirawo mukuwedzera kudyidzana kwehupfumi pamwe nekusimbisa kugadzikana kwedunhu kuburikidza nemapurojekiti ekufambisa edunhu uye emagetsi. Sekureva kwedzidziso dzehukama hwenyika dzese, kubatanidzwa kwehupfumi pamwe nekudyidzana ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvinoderedza njodzi yekusawirirana.

Panyaya iyi, mapurojekiti edunhu akatangwa neAzerbaijan ane kukosha kwete chete kubva pamaonero ehupfumi asiwo panyaya dzekuchengetedza. Mumakore achangopfuura, basa reAzerbaijan senzvimbo yekuyananisa nekukurukurirana rakakwezvawo pfungwa. Kurongeka kwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi rose nemisangano yepamusoro muBaku kunoshanda sehumbowo hwehunyanzvi hwenyika iyi uye mufananidzo wayo semubatsiri akavimbika.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinokosheswa nemutemo wezvekunze weAzerbaijan wedunhu iri ndechekuwana rugare rwakazara uye rwakagadzikana neArmenia⁵. Zvinhu zvitsva zvezvematongerwo enyika zvakabuda mushure mehondo ya2020 zvakagadzira mikana yekuvaka rugare kwenguva refu munharaunda iyi. Munguva yapashure pehondo, Official Baku yakafambira mberi zvirongwa zvine chinangwa chekugadzirisa hukama uye kupedzisa chibvumirano cherunyararo. Nheyo dzakakurudzirwa neAzerbaijan—kusanganisira kuzivikanwa kwenzvimbo dzakabatana, kuganhura nemiganhu yemiganhu, kusapindira munyaya dzemukati menyika, uye kuvhurwa kwezvinobatanidza zvekufambisa nekutaurirana—zvakavakirwa pamitemo mikuru yemutemo wepasi rose. Kusainwa kwechibvumirano cherugare neArmenia kunogona kubatsira kwete chete mukugadzirisa hukama hwenyika mbiri asiwo mukugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yakakura yekuchengetedza nekushandira pamwe muSouth Caucasus yese. Panyaya iyi, Azerbaijan inopa hurongwa hwerunyararo seimwe yezvinodiwa zvikuru zvekusimudzira dunhu.

Kuwana rugare kunogona kubatsira kuwedzera kubatanidzwa kwehupfumi, kuvhurwa kwenzira dzekufambisa, uye kushandurwa kweSouth Caucasus kuita nzvimbo yakakosha yehupfumi munzvimbo yeEurasian. Saka, maitiro erunyararo neArmenia anomiririra chinangwa chezvematongerwo enyika yekunze chinoshanda kwete zvido zveAzerbaijan chete asiwo zvinangwa zvakakura zvekugadzikana nekushandira pamwe kwedunhu.

Mukupedzisa, Azerbaijan yakabuda mumakore achangopfuura senyika ine chinzvimbo chepakati pesimba kuburikidza nekushanda kwayo kwediplomasi, mutemo wekunze wakaenzana, simba nekufambisa, kugona kwemauto, uye zvirongwa zvepasi rose. Mutemo wekunze wenyika wakanangana nekusimudzira kugadzikana, kushandira pamwe, uye budiriro inoenderera mberi padanho redunhu nepasi rose. Kutora chikamu kweAzerbaijan mukudyidzana kwenyika dzakawanda, zvirongwa zvayo mukati memasangano epasi rose, uye mapurojekiti ayo ekushandira pamwe munharaunda zvinosimbisa chinzvimbo chayo semutambi anovaka mukati mehurongwa hwepasi rose.

Panguva imwe chete, kuedza kwakanangana nekuwana rugare rusingaperi neArmenia kuchiri chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosheswa muhurongwa hweAzerbaijan hwedunhu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hurongwa hweAzerbaijan hwekunze senyika iri pakati nepakati hahungobatsiri chete kuchengetedza zvido zvenyika asiwo kusimbisa rugare, kuchengetedzeka, uye kushanda pamwe chete muSouth Caucasus nedzimwe nyika.

References

1. Cooper, AF, Higgott, RA, & Nossal, KR (1993). Kutamisa Masimba Epakati: Australia neCanada muNyika Ichachinja. Vancouver: UBC Press.
2. Bazi rezveKunze reRepublic of Azerbaijan. (2024). Zvinhu Zvinokosheswa neHurumende yeKunze yeAzerbaijan.
3. European Commission. (2023). EU-Azerbaijan Energy Cooperation uye Southern Gas Corridor.
4. Sangano reMarudzi. (2023). Mishumo yeKubatana kweNyika Dzisina Kubatana uye Kubatana kweNyika dzeKumaodzanyemba.
5. Bazi rezveKunze reRepublic of Azerbaijan. (2024). Zvinhu Zvinokosheswa neHurumende yeKunze yeAzerbaijan.

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