Azerbaijan neEurope dzinomhanyisa dhiri yemagetsi

Kubva pakasainwa "Contract of the Century" pakati peAzerbaijan nemakambani gumi nematatu epasi rose ane simba munaGunyana 13, Azerbaijan yakatanga kutumira simba kunze kwenyika, kunyanya mafuta akashata, kumisika yepasi rose yesimba. Kunyanya, gasi reAzeri rinopa simba rakakosha kuEurope se "mafuta ekuchinja" nekuti inoburitsa kushomeka kweCO1994 pane marasha uye mamwe mafossil - anonyora Shahmar Hajiyev, Senior Advisor paCentre of Analysis of International Relations (AIR Center) naRobert Tyler, Senior Policy Advisor kuNew Direction Foundation.

Gasi remusikirwo rinotsigira hurongwa hweEurope hunogona kudzokororwazve sezvo huchikwanisa kukurumidza kubhadhara dips mumagetsi ezuva kana emhepo uye nekukasira kupindura kune kamwe kamwe kuwedzera kwekudiwa. Nechikonzero ichi, kuti gasi rechisikigo rakazoiswa muEuropean Commission 'taxonomy' yeakachena magetsi masosi sechikamu cheEU's 'Green New Deal'. Naizvozvo, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweAzerbaijani gasi rechisikigo kumisika yemagetsi eEurope kuburikidza neTrans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP), gumbo reEuropean reSouthern Gas Corridor (SGC) rave rakakosha kuEurope kuchengetedza simba maererano nekusiyana kwezvinhu uye nzira.

Mumakore achangopfuura, nhaurirano dzakasimba pakati peEU neAzerbaijan dzakaitika kuti dziongorore mikana yekuwedzera kutengesa kunze kweAzerbaijani gasi rechisikigo kuEurope, uye nekubatana mumunda wegirinhi simba. Kuti izvi zviitike, "gwaro Yekunzwisisa pane Strategic Partnership muMunda weMagetsi” pakati peAzerbaijan neEurope yakasainwa muna Chikunguru 18, 2022, yakaisa hwaro hwekukura kwehuwandu hwegasi rechisikigo rinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye green energy kubva kuAzerbaijan. Maererano neMoU yakasainwa, Azerbaijan ichawedzera kutengeswa kwegasi reAzerbaijani kuEurope ne20 bhiriyoni cubic metres (bcm) pagore ne 2027. Iyo MoU yakavhurawo mikana mitsva yekuvandudzwa kwesimba rakasvibirira rekutsigira kunze kwemagetsi pakati pe mudunhu uye Europe.  

Tichibata pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwesimba regirinhi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti simba rakasvibira rinobva kune renewable energy technologies, uye inzvimbo-inoshamwaridzika uye yakachena simba sosi. Musi wa18 Chivabvu 2022, European Commission yakaburitsa iyo REPowerEU chirongwa, icho chakavakirwa pambiru nhatu: kuchengetedza simba, kugadzira simba rakachena uye kusiyanisa magetsi eEU. Sechikamu chekuwedzera kwayo kwesimba rinowanikwazve mukugadzira magetsi, indasitiri, zvivakwa uye zvifambiso, Komisheni inofunga kuwedzera chinangwa mukuraira kusvika 45% panosvika 2030. Nokudaro, kutsigira zvirongwa zvegreen energy muAzerbaijan zvichasimbisa kubatana kunobatsira pakati pemapato. .

Azerbaijan inofarirawo kutsigira mapurojekiti emagetsi egirinhi kuitira kusiyanisa kugadzirwa kwayo kwesimba. Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika yakatanga budiriro yakadzikama muchikamu chesimba kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzemagetsi uye zvishoma nezvishoma maitiro e decarbonization. Kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi renewable munyika kune chinangwa chekutsigira remangwana resimba rakasimba kuburikidza nekugadzira mamwe magetsi kubva kumagetsi emagetsi. Kuita uku kuchave chinangwa chakakosha kudzikisa kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo mukugadzira magetsi uye kuenderera mberi nekutumira kwayo kuEurope. Panyaya iyi, maviri anokosha renewable simba zvirongwa zvakasainwa nemakambani emagetsi eSaudi Arabia ACWA Power uye United Arab Emirates' (UAE) Masdar energy makambani. Iyo 230 MW gwenya remagetsi ezuva richavakwa neMasdar uye 240 MW Khizi-Absheron wind power plant ichavakwa neACWA Power ichatsigira remangwana resimba remagetsi uye simba regirinhi rekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Mapurojekiti maviri aya achaita basa rakakosha mukuwedzera mugove wemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi munyika kusvika pazvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana panosvika gore ra30.

Zvichipesana nemamiriro ekubatana kwesimba reEU-Azerbaijani, mutungamiri weAzerbaijan Ilham Aliyev akapinda musangano weplenary pakusainwa kwe "Chibvumirano chehukama hwekudyidzana pane green energy" muRomania musi wa17 Zvita 2022. Musangano weBucharest nekutora chikamu chemutungamiri we Romania Klaus Iohannis, Mutungamiriri weGeorgia Irakli Garibashvili, Mutungamiriri weHungary Viktor Orban uye Mutungamiriri weEuropean Commission Ursula von der Leyen vanoratidza kubatana kwakasimba pakati peAzerbaijan nevadyidzani.

Gwaro rakasainwa rinotarisira kutengeswa kwemagetsi kubva kuAzerbaijan kuburikidza netambo yemagetsi yepasi pemvura pasi peBlack Sea kubva kuGeorgia kuenda kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurope. Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, Azerbaijan inofarira zvikuru kugadzira zvinogoneka uye kutumira magetsi ayo kune vatengi vemagetsi vekuEurope. Munguva ye chiitiko Mutungamiri Aliyev akasimbisa "Nyika yedu iri kuronga kuve mutengesi akakosha wemagetsi kuEurope, kunyanya simba regirini. Azerbaijan simba renewable simba rinogona kupfuura 27 gigawatts emhepo uye solar simba kumahombekombe uye 157 gigawatts simba remhepo muAzerbaijani chikamu cheCaspian Sea. Pamwe chete nemumwe wevanodyara mari munyika yedu, tine hurongwa hwekushandisa magigawati matatu emhepo negigawati rimwe chete remagetsi ezuva panosvika 3, zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvichatengeswa kunze kwenyika. Pakazosvika 2027, isu tinoronga kugadzira humwe huwandu hunosvika 80 gigawatts ”. Zvinoratidza kuti Azerbaijan ine chinangwa chekuve kwete chegasi chete mutengesi kunze kwenyika asiwo girinhi simba rekutengesa kunze kumisika yemagetsi yeEuropean munguva pfupi iri kutevera.

Mutungamiri weEuropean Commission Ursula von der Leyen akacherechedzawo kuti "Kuti tibatanidze chikamu chiri kukura chezvinovandudzwa, tinoda, zvechokwadi, kubatanidzwa kwemagetsi kwakasimba, uye ichi ndicho chikonzero tambo yemagetsi yeBlack Sea pakati peRomania, Georgia, neAzerbaijan yakakosha zvikuru. uye ndinogona kungotaura kuti ipurojekiti yakadii! Yaizotibatanidza kumativi ose eGungwa Dzvuku uye mberi takananga kunharaunda yeGungwa reCaspian. Zvichabatsira kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwedu kwekushandisa nekuunza magetsi kubva kune anogona kuvandudzwa kuEuropean Union kuburikidza neRomania uye kuburikidza neHungary. "

Asi izvo, Azerbaijan neGeorgia sevadyidzani vedunhu vachaita imwe chirongwa chehunyanzvi chinobatanidza South Caucasus neEurope. Ichi chibvumirano chegirini simba chakakosha kuRomania neHungary seye magetsi musanganiswa yenyika idzi, kunyanya Hungary, inonyanya kuvimba nefossil fuel. Naizvozvo, zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva kuAzerbaijan zvinovatendera kuenzanisa musanganiswa wemagetsi nekudzikisa gasi rechisikigo pakugadzirwa kwemagetsi.

Uku kusiyanisa kwemasimba eEU kwakakosha zvakanyanya, sezvo kunouya kunopesana nemashure ehondo irikuenderera mberi muUkraine. Nyika zhinji dzekuMadokero kweEurope dzakatora nhanho kuti simba rakachipa raizoyerera kubva kuRussia kuenda kuEurope risingapindiki, pasina kuverengera kuwedzera kusawirirana kumuganhu wekumabvazuva kweEurope. Ikozvino nyika dzakaita seGermany, France, neNetherlands - idzo kwenguva refu dzave nekukura kwehupfumi pahwaro hwekuti simba reRussia rakachipa rinogona kushandurwa kuita maindasitiri, vakamanikidzwa kusiyanisa zvinhu zvavo kunze kwenyika. Zvirango zvakatemerwa Russia zvinoreva kuti EU inofanira kutanga kutarisa mberi kune zvitsva.

MuCentral neEastern Europe, basa rekutanga rakaitwa kare kusiyanisa simba ravo kunze kwenyika - nenyika dzeThree Seas Initiative, mubatanidzwa we12 EU Member States - yatovaka materminal matsva eLNG muCroatia nePoland nechinangwa chekuunza gasi rekuAmerica. . Ivo zvakare vanga vari pamberi pekufona kwehukama huri nani hwesimba neSouth Caucasus.

Kupfupisa, zviwanikwa zvesimba zvakawedzera kukosha muhukama pakati peAzerbaijan neWest. Mapurojekiti akasiyana emagetsi anosimudza kukosha kwezvematongerwo enyika kweAzerbaijan. Nekutsigira simba rakasvibirira, Azerbaijan ichaenzanisa kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo uye renewable mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi, uye izvo zvichawedzera nyika mukana wekugadzira magetsi uye kunze kwenyika. Europe inovavarirawo kukurumidzira shanduko yesimba rakasvibira kutsigira budiriro inoenderera nekuchengetedza simba, uye kusiyanisa magetsi emagetsi. Parizvino, iyo Black Sea submarine magetsi tambo chirongwa chinoratidza kuti kubatana kwedunhu kwakakosha kuita zvirongwa zvine hungwaru. Kuti izvi zviitike, kusaina chibvumirano chekupedzisira cherunyararo pakati peAzerbaijan neArmenia kwaizobvumira Yerevan kujoina mapurojekiti epakati pedunhu, izvo zvaizotsigira kusimudzira kweupfumi hweArmenia nebudiriro.  

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