Ipa zvipikirwa, nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzinoudza dzakapfuma pahurukuro dzemamiriro ekunze

A yakakosha Musangano weUN yakanzwa kudanwa pazuva rayo rekutanga kuti hupfumi hukuru hwenyika huchengete zvipikirwa zvavo zverubatsiro rwemari kugadzirisa dambudziko remamiriro ekunze, ukuwo vasvibisi vakuru veIndia neBrazil vakaita zvisungo zvitsva zvekudzikisa utsi, nyora Jeff Mason, Katy Daigle, Mark John, Gavin Jones, Kevin Liffey, Elizabeth Piper uye William James.

Vatungamiriri vepasi rose, nyanzvi dzezvakatipoteredza nevaratidziri vese vakateterera kuti vatore matanho akasimba kumisa kudziya kwepasi uko kunotyisidzira ramangwana repasi pakutanga kwemusangano wemavhiki maviri weCOP26 muguta reScottish reGlasgow nemusi weMuvhuro.

Basa rakatarisana nevarikutaurirana rakatonyanya kuomarara nekutadza kweBoka renyika 20 dzemaindasitiri makuru kubvumirana zvisungo zvitsva zvine mukurumbira pakupera kwesvondo.

Iyo G20 inobata chikamu che80% chepasi rose greenhouse magasi uye chikamu chakafanana che carbon dioxide, gasi rinogadzirwa nekupisa mafuta efossil ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukwira kwekushisa kwepasi rose izvo zviri kukonzera kuwedzera kunowedzera kwemafungu ekupisa, kusanaya kwemvura, mafashamo nemadutu.

"Mhuka dziri kunyangarika, nzizi dziri kufa uye zvirimwa zvedu hazvisi maruva sezvazvaiita kare. Nyika iri kutaura. Anotiudza kuti hatisisina nguva," Txai Surui, ane makore makumi maviri nemana mutungamiriri wevechidiki. kubva kusango rinogara richinaya reAmazon, akaudza mutambo wekuvhura muGlasgow.

Yakanonoka negore nekuda kwedenda reCCIDID-19, COP26 ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza chipfuro chekupisa kudziya kwepasi kunosvika 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) pamusoro. pre-industrial levels.

Kuti uite izvozvo, inoda kuchengetedza zvakanyanya zvitsidzo zvekuvavarira kuderedza kubudiswa, kuvhara mumabhiriyoni mukati mari yemamiriro ekunze kunyika dzichiri kusimukira, uye kupedza mitemo yekushandisa Chibvumirano cheParis cha2015, icho chakasainwa nenyika dzinoda kusvika mazana maviri.

Zvisungo zvaitwa kusvika pari zvino zvaizobvumira avhareji yetembiricha yepasi kuti ikwire 2.7C muzana rino remakore, izvo zvinonzi neSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzepasi Pose zvichawedzera kuparadza kuri kutokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.

Vanopfuura vatungamiriri vepasi rose vanodarika zana mukupera kweMuvhuro vakavimbisa kumisa nekudzoreredza kutemwa kwemasango uye kuparara kwevhu pakupera kwemakore gumi, zvichitsigirwa nemabhiriyoni gumi nemapfumbamwe emadhora mumari yehurumende neyepachivande yekudyara mukuchengetedza nekudzoreredza masango. Read more.

Munyori Mukuru weUN, Antonio Guterres, akayeuchidza nhumwa kuti makore matanhatu ari kupisa zvakanyanya parekodhi akaitika kubvira 2015.

Vamwe vakurukuri, kusanganisira vatsigiri vanobva kunyika dzine urombo dzakanyanya kuomerwa nokuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, vaiva nemashoko okuzvidza.

"Vechidiki vePacific vakatsigira kuchema kwekuti 'Hatisi kunyura, tiri kurwa'," akadaro Brianna Fruean anobva kuchitsuwa chePolynesia mudunhu reSamoa, iri panjodzi yekukwira kwegungwa. "Iyi ndiyo mhere yehondo yedu kunyika."

Muna 2009, nyika dzakabudirira dzinonyanya kukonzera kudziya kwepasi dzakavimbisa kupa $100 bhiriyoni pagore panosvika 2020 kubatsira nyika dzichiri kusimukira kugadzirisa matambudziko ako.

Chitsidzo ichi hachisati chazadzikiswa, zvichikonzera kusavimbana uye kusada pakati pedzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira kuti dzikurumidze kudzikiswa kwehutsi.

Vatungamiri venyika dzakaita seKenya, Bangladesh, Barbados neMalawi vakadaidza nyika dzakapfuma kuti dzipinze mhosva nekutadza kuita basa.

"Mari inovimbisa nyika dzisina kubudirira nenyika dzakabudirira ... haisi mupiro, asi muripo wekuchenesa," mutungamiri weMalawi, VaLazarus McCarthy Chakwera, vakadaro.

"Hapana Africa yese, kana Malawi kunyanya, ichatora 'kwete' mhinduro. Kwete."

Mutungamiri weChina, VaXi Jinping, ndivo vari kunyanya kuburitsa magasi egreenhouse, vakataura mutsamba yavo kuti nyika dzakabudirira hadzifanire kuita zvakawanda chete asiwo kutsigira nyika dzichiri kusimukira kuti dziite zviri nani.

Kusavapo kwaXi, pamwe chete naVladimir Putin weRussia, purezidhendi wevatatu vepamusoro vanogadzira oiri pasi rose pamwe neUnited States neSaudi Arabia, zvinogona kukanganisa kufambira mberi.

Muratidziri Greta Thunberg akakumbira mamirioni evatsigiri vake kusaina tsamba yakavhurika vachipomera vatungamiriri kutengesa.

"Ichi hachisi chibooreso. Ikodhi tsvuku yePasi," yakaverenga.

"Mamiriyoni achatambura sezvo pasi redu riri kuparadzwa - ramangwana rinotyisa iro richagadzirwa, kana kudziviswa, nezvisarudzo zvaunoita. Une simba rekusarudza."

Zvichakadaro, India neBrazil, maviri eanosvibisa makuru, ese akashandisa chikuva kupa mhiko itsva dzekucheka emission.

"Tichaita zvine hungwaru uye nekutsvaga mhinduro chaidzo dzekuchinja nekukurumidza," Mutungamiri weBrazil, Jair Bolsonaro, akatungamira kweanopfuura makore maviri ekutema miti, akadaro.

Brazil yakati ichacheka kuburitswa kwayo gasi regreenhouse ne50% panosvika 2030, zvichienzaniswa nechitsidzo chekare che43% panguva iyoyo.

Zvakadaro, kuchekwa kwacho kunoverengerwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuburitswa kwehutsi muna 2005, hwaro hwakadzokororwa zvakare gore rapfuura, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti zvinangwa zveBrazil zvizadzikiswe.

Mutungamiriri wenyika Narendra Modi akaisa 2070 sechinangwa cheIndia kuti isvike net-zero kabhoni emissions, gare gare kupfuura iyo yakaiswa nevamwe vanosvibisa uye makore makumi maviri kupfuura kurudziro yepasi rose yeUN. Read more.

G20 yakatadza kuzvipira kuchinangwa cha2050 chekumisa kuburitswa kwekabhoni, zvichikanganisa chimwe chezvinangwa zvikuru zveCOP26, pamusangano wekupera kwesvondo kuRome.

Pane kudaro, ivo vakangoziva "chakakosha kukosha" kwekuita kudaro "panosvika kana pakati pezana ramakore", uye havana kuisa nguva yekubvisa simba remarasha epamba, chikonzero chikuru chekuburitsa kabhoni.

Kuzvipira kubvisa rubatsiro rwemafuta ezvicherwa "pamusoro penguva yepakati" kwakaenderana nemazwi avaishandisa kare muna 2009.

Kusawirirana pakati pevazhinji vanoburitsa marasha, oiri negasi kuchaita kuti kufambira mberi kunetse muGlasgow, sezvakuchaitawo kutadza kwevapfumi kutevedzera zvavakavimbisa.

Mutungamiriri weBarbados, Mia Mottley, akaenzanisa mari zhinji dzakaiswa muhupfumi hwenyika nemabhanga epakati penyika dzakapfuma mumakore achangopfuura neaya akashandiswa mukubatsira mamiriro ekunze.

"Pangave nerunyararo nebudiriro kana chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepasi chichigara mubudiriro uye zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvichirarama pasi pemakungwa uye vakatarisana nenjodzi dzinotyisa kugarikano yedu?" akati.

Nyika dzakasimukira dzakasimbisa svondo rapfuura kuti dzichange dzanonoka kusvika makore matatu mukuzadzisa chisungo chemari yemabhiriyoni zana emadhora - icho nyika zhinji dzine urombo nevanorwira kodzero vanoti hazvikwani. Read more.

Mutungamiri weAmerica, VaJoe Biden, vakati vapfumi vanofanira kuita zvakawanda, vachibvuma kuti "ikozvino tave kupera," ukuwo mutungamiri weFrance, Emmanuel Macron, akadanawo nyika dzese dzakabudirira kuti dzipe mari yadzo.

Biden yakazivisa munaGunyana kuti US ichapeta kaviri mari yayo yemamiriro ekunze kusvika kumadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nemazana mana pagore, asi vanofunga nezvemamiriro ekunze akati wandei nevaratidziri vanoti izvi zvichiri kupfupika pane zvazvinofanira kuita. Read more.

Vatungamiriri venyika vakapeta zuva rekutanga reCOP26 pamabiko akaitwa naPrince Charles nedzimwe nhengo dzemhuri yehumambo hweBritain. Mambokadzi Elizabeth, akarairwa navanachiremba vake kuti azorore, akatumira meseji yevhidhiyo.

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