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#Germany - "Energiewende": Tsoka dzevhu

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9 makore apfuura

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

Kwemakore anoverengeka kare, hurumende yeGermany yave ichiita shanduko yesimba rayo (pakupedzisira kune renewable energy sources), iyo yakapinda muchikamu chayo chakasimba mushure menjodzi yenyukireya yeFukushima muna 2011. Kusiyana nenyika dzakawanda apo njodzi iyi yakashanda sechimwe chikonzero chekusimudzira matekinoroji ehunyanzvi uye kuunzwa kwemaitiro matsva akavimbika ekuchengetedza, Germany yakasarudza kubvisa simba renyukireya nekukurumidza.

Muna Chivabvu 2017, hofisi yeGerman Federal Audit yakaburitsa mushumo wakanangana neFederal Government's Budget Committee pamatanho akatorwa kuona iyo "Energiewende" (yeGerman ye "simba shanduko"). Gwaro rinopa ongororo yezviitwa zveBazi reEconomic Affairs neEnergy zvine chinangwa chekushandisa pfungwa iyi (inowanikwa mumutauro wechiGerman pa: https://www.bundesrechnungshof.de/de/veroeffentlichungen/beratungsberichte/2016-bericht-massnahmen-zur-umsetzung-der-energiewende-durch-das-bundesministerium-fuer-wirtschaft-und-energie-schwerpunkt-kapitel-0903-energie-und-klimafonds).

Pakati pezvinotsanangurwa mushumo, Hofisi yeAudit yakaona kuti pari zvino Bazi harina kukwanisa kuona kutonga kwakanaka pamusoro pekuchinja kwemagetsi kuri kuitwa. Iyo chaiyo pfungwa yekuchinja kwesimba, maererano negwaro, haina kukanganisa uye inomutsa akati wandei mibvunzo kubva kune ecological uye ehupfumi maonero. Uyewo mushumo unoona kuti kushandiswa kwesimba rekushandura kuri kuwedzera kudhura.

Purofesa Hans-Josef Allelein, uyo anoona nezveReactor Safety uye Reactor Technology paRWTH Aachen University, akaisa maonero ake ekushandiswa kwe "Energiewende" kuGermany.

"Ini ndinotenda kuti "chirongwa" chinoisa simbiso kune anovandudzwa masosi senzira yekuona kuti akakwana uye anoshanda magetsi ekushandisa haagone kuzivikanwa pamwe nekufungidzirwa-kunze sezvo achifuratira akati wandei akakosha zvinhu. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwehunyanzvi zvikonzero zvine chekuita nemagetsi grid. kugadzikana, hazvifungidzire kungovimba chete nezvinyorwa zvinogona kudzokororwa - mushure mezvose, iyi haisiriyo sarudzo inobhadhara zvakanyanya maererano nemitengo. -inonzi "simba musanganiswa" - asi ini ndinoona sezvisina musoro kuvimba nemhando imwe yesimba chete.

Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti kushandiswa kwesimba rekushandura muGermany kunoisa dambudziko kwete chete kuhurumende, iyo iri kunyanya kupa rubatsiro rwekuvandudzwa kwesimba remhepo uye photovoltaics, asiwo pamusoro pehuwandu hunotarisana nekukwira kunoshamisa kwemitengo yemagetsi yakakonzerwa mu. nzvimbo yekutanga neRenewable Energy Sources Act. Pakupedzisira, hazvibviri kufunga nyika uye vanhu zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, sezvo mari yakagoverwa nehurumende inobva kune vateresi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vari kurarama pasi pemutoro, uye mutoro wacho wakakura.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kana zvichikwanisika kuzadzisa zvibodzwa zvepamusoro zvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze (kutanga pane zvese, izvi zvinoshanda kukudzikisira kwekuda kwekubuda kwecarbon dioxide) neimwe musanganiswa wesimba. Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti Germany yakasarudza nzira isiri-yakanyanya yezvinangwa izvi. Ndinoda kuyeuka kuti muGermany, njodzi isati yaitika kuFukushima NPP, chibvumirano chakasvika kune zvematongerwo enyika kuwedzera kushanda kweGermany nuclear power plant kwenguva ye8 kusvika ku14 makore. Sarudzo yakatorwa mushure meFukushima zvakajeka inopesana nechibvumirano ichi. Zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti muna 2011, Chancellor Angela Merkel akatamba zvine hunyanzvi pamagariro ehuwandu hweGerman uye vezvenhau veGerman, achitora mukana weizvi kugadzira mubatanidzwa neSocial Democrats. Kubva pamaonero angu, sarudzo yanga isingatsigirwe nechero chokwadi - raingova rezvematongerwo enyika pane chikamu chaMerkel. Hupfumi hwenyika uye huwandu hwevanhu hwaizoita kuti zvive nyore ikozvino kana simba renyukireya rakashandiswa zvakare sezvakarongwa uye mari inowanikwa munyaya iyi inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwe "Energiewende".

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