Pamubhodhi #Kazakhstan inotaura sezvo ichiwedzera kumhanya

Kana geography iri mugumo, Kazakhstan ingaita seyakatongerwa mugumo wayo woga, yakaparadzaniswa nenyika yanhasi yakabatana.

Chokwadi, kwechikamu chikuru chezana remakore rechi20, ndizvo zvazvaiva zvakaita kunyika iyi yakakomberedzwa nenyika isina nzira yokupinda mugungwa.

Asi mafambiro ane nzira inosekesa yekupidigura yakagadziriswa mazano, kunyanya kana iwe uchigara padhuze nepamusoro-kubudirira China.

KuKazakhstan, zvakaitika apo Mutungamiriri weChina Xi Jinping akazivisa chishuwo Imwe Chete Imwe Mugwagwa chirongwa chekugadzirisa zvakare Old Silk Route uye kusimudzira kutengeserana nekudyara pakati peEast neWest.

Kamwe kamwe maKazakhs akawana nyika yavo pakati pechirongwa chetranscontinental chekubatanidza fekitari yenyika kumisika yakapfuma yeWestern Europe.

Fungidzira musha wekuredza wakarara Singapore muzana ramakore rechi 19 uchimuka kuti waone kuti yaifarirwa nehumambo hweBritain hune ngarava hurusa dzepasi rose.

Ko Kazakhstan ingaite zvakaitwa neSingapore asi nezvitima nezvitima panzvimbo pezvikepe nezvikepe zvemidziyo?

Ndiri muhofisi yaVaSergey Anashkin, director director weKTZ Express, kambani yenyika yekutakura uye yekutakura zvinhu, muguta guru reAstana, kuti ndizive. Anotambanudza mepu pamberi pangu uye anonongedzera kuKhorgos East Gate, pamuganhu chaipo neChina. Heino hurongwa hwemabhiriyoni emadhora ekuvaka nzvimbo yekugonesa uye maindasitiri uko zvitima zveChinese zvichaburutsa midziyo yazvo kuti igoverwe kumadokero kune yese Central Asia neEurope.

Haasi kutaura nezvechiteshi chechitima asi chiteshi chengarava chakaoma mukati menyika, chinobata zvitima uye zvinotakura zvinhu panzvimbo pezvikepe. Muchokwadi, haisati iri chiteshi chengarava asi inzvimbo yeindasitiri uye yekugara umo kugadzirwa kuchaitika uye zvinhu zvakapedzwa zvinochengetwa kana kutumirwa kunze uye kuendeswa kune dzimwe nyika.

Hazvishamisi kuti iri kunzi Dubai itsva.

Iyo Gulf state analogy haingori fungidziro nekuti DP World, iyo inofambisa chiteshi chengarava muDubai nenzvimbo yayo yekutengeserana yemahara, iri kutonga Khorgos East Gate pasi pechibvumirano chemakore gumi.

Anashkin anonongedza padyo nechiteshi cheChinese cheLianyungang muJiangsu, 4,200km kure. Ikoko, nzvimbo yemadhora zana emamiriyoni emadhora yakavakwa mumubatanidzwa pakati penyika mbiri idzi, ichibvumira Kazakhstan kuti ishandise seyayo yekutanga kutumira kunze kwenyika uye nzvimbo yekutumira.

Njanji dzinobatanidza nyika mbiri idzi chikamu cheNew Eurasian Land Bridge iyo inonzi inosvika kuRotterdam kuNetherlands, chinhambwe chinodarika 11,800km.

Sekutaura kuri kuita Singapore masosi, zvinotora mazuva makumi maviri kutakura bhokisi remamita makumi mana nenjanji kubva kuLianyungang kuenda kuHamburg nemutengo weUS$20 (S$40). Kana mudziyo mumwe chete waienda nengarava neSingapore, rwendo rwacho rwaizotora mazuva makumi mana uye rwaiita US$4,500.

Iyo bhizinesi kesi yenzira yese-njanji yekupfuura Singapore yakajeka: Zvingatora hafu yekureba asi zvichidhura zvakapetwa kaviri.

Parizvino, hazviratidzike sekunge Kazakhstan ichadya kudya kwemasikati kweSingapore asi inoratidza kuti nyika inogona kuchinja sei uye kuti izvo zvaisagoneka munguva yakapfuura zvinogona kukurumidza kuitika.

Ndiani anogona kutaura, sezvo huwandu hwenjanji hunokura uye tekinoroji inovandudza, kuti equation ingachinja sei mune ramangwana.

Nyika yakapfuma nemafuta iri kubheja mari zhinji pairi, nekudyara kunofungidzirwa kuita US$35 bhiriyoni kubva 2010 kusvika 2020 yezvivakwa zvekutakura zvinosanganisira njanji, migwagwa nemhepo. Chine chinangwa chekukura huwandu hwekutakura kubva kuChina kuenda kuEurope kuburikidza neKazakhstan, kubva pa94,000 TEUs gore rino kuenda ku800,000 TEUs panosvika 2020.

Kazakhstan inoziva kuti bhizinesi iri harisi rekufambisa zvinhu nemasevhisi nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya - harisi rekufambisa chete.

Munhau yose nguva ipi neipi apo maguta kana kuti nyika dzave dziri pamharadzano dzekutengeserana nokusima mari, dzakabudirira kubva mukuwedzera kwebhizimisi. Asi nyika inofanirwawo kuve nekwairi kuita kuti zviitike - chiono chine hungwaru chekuronga mberi, zviwanikwa zvekusimudzira zvivakwa, netarenda rekuzvifambisa nekuzvichengetedza kwenguva yakareba.

Ko Kazakhstan ine zvazvinotora here? Ndinowana dzimwe dzemhinduro pakumira kwangu kunotevera muguta rekare reAlmaty uko kwandinosangana naVaPeter Foster, CEO weAir Astana, kambani huru yendege munyika ino iri mubatanidzwa pakati pehomwe yayo yehupfumi nekambani yeBritish aerospace yeBAE System.

VaFoster vave nemakore gumi nerimwe vachifambisa ndege iyi, vachishandisa nzira makumi matanhatu nemana nendege makumi matatu, nedzimwe gumi nemana dziri mumabhuku ekuodha. Nhamba idzi dzinoiisa mudiki diki rendege, asi iri kukura zvakatsiga sezvo hupfumi huri kusimukira.

Ini ndinoda zvandinonzwa zvakadaro nezve maitiro ayo kune bhizinesi rayo.

Kazakhstan ine vanhu vanosvika miriyoni gumi nemanomwe musika mudiki, uye Central Asia haina kunyanya kubatikana nekufamba nendege, saka Air Astana yakaisa tarisiro yayo pakuva kambani yepasi rose, ichivaka network yayo mumakore mashanu apfuura.

"Kubva kuAstana, tinogona kubhururuka kuenda kuEurope yese mumaawa matanhatu, uye kuChina yese mumaawa matanhatu," anodaro.

"Tiri kutevedzera njanji mumhepo."

Asi iri kuita zvese izvi zvekutengesa, uye yave kuita pundutso gore rega rega kubva payakatanga muna 2002.

"Isu hapana mari yatinowana kubva kuhomwe yehupfumi, isu hatiwane rubatsiro, hapana."

Hauna kana mafuta erubatsiro?

"Tinotenga zvese zvedu kubva kuRussia, uye tinobhadhara izvo munhu wese anobhadhara," anodaro.

"Kana iwe ukatora chikamu chimwe chemari yehurumende, ichepfu. Hurumende nendege hazvisanganisi," anozivisa zvakasimba, achinongedzera kune dzimwe ndege dzeSouth-East Asia dzakabhadhara mutengo wekusanganisa maviri.

Ndafadzwa nekurangwa kwacho.

Kana iri iyo nzira iyo Kazakhstan inoda kuvandudza mamwe matunhu ehupfumi, ichaita kufambira mberi kwakanaka. Chokwadi, hupfumi hwayo hwakakura neanopfuura gumi muzana pagore kubva 10 kusvika 2000, kunyangwe yakadzikira mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekudonha kwemitengo yemafuta.

Ini ndinoda chimwe chikamu chenharaunda yayo: Makumi manomwe kubva muzana evagari vemo maMuslim asi chiIslam chavanoitisa hachina kufanana neMiddle East. Yakanyanya kusununguka uye yakavhurika pfungwa, inoyeuchidza nezvezvaive muSouth-East Asia, kusanganisira Singapore, pesvedzero kubva kuSaudi Arabia isati yapararira.

Pano vakadzi havazvifukidzi, kwete kunyange nenguo dzemusoro, uye vaMuslim vanodya pamwe chete nevamwe mumaresitorendi, vachisanganisa vakasununguka.

Kune madzinza akawanda munyika uye vane nhoroondo refu yekugarisana murunyararo.

Nei nyika isati yanzwa zvakawanda nezverudzi rweKazakhstan rweIslam kupikisa vhezheni yekunyanyisa kubva kuMiddle East iri kuwedzera ruzha zuva nezuva?

Zvichida rimwe zuva, kana mapurojekiti echitima eEurasian eKazakhstan apera, chiteshi chakaoma muKhorgos chakazara nezvitima zveChinese uye Air Astana inotambanudza mapapiro ayo kure nekure seSingapore Airlines.

Ini ndichave ndichitsvaga zuva iroro.