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Kutongwa kwakanaka kwevasungwa vehana veAzerbaijan

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11 makore apfuura

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

SaSoldierMuna 2014, zviremera zveAzerbaijan zvakasunga, zvakapa mhosva kana kuisa mujeri vatori venhau makumi matatu nevana, mablogger, vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu uye vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu. Nharo dzevatauriri vehurumende maererano nekusungwa uku, pamwe chete nezvakaitika mukusungwa zvisina tsarukano mumakore apfuura, zvaita kuti vanhu vakawanda vaone mhosva dziri kupomerwa vanhu ava sedzemanyepo uye dzine chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika. Magweta maviri ane mukurumbira uye vatsigiri vekodzero dzevanhu ndevamwe veavo vari muhusungwa: Intigam Aliyev naRasul Jafarov. Kutongwa kwavo kwakatanga muna Ndira 34.

Ongororo yemaitiro ekutongwa neHelsinki Foundation for Human Rights (HFHR), Netherlands Helsinki Committee (NHC) uye International Partnership for Human Rights (IPHR) inomutsa kusava nechokwadi kwakakomba kana kodzero huru yevari kupomerwa yekutongwa kwakanaka yakachengetedzwa zvakakwana.

HFHR, NHC neIPHR inodaidzira hurumende dzenyika neEuropean, masangano ehurumende, uye masangano epasi rese kuti vakumbire kutongwa kwakanaka uye kurapwa, maererano nemutemo wepasi rose, kuna Intigam Aliyev, Rasul Jafarov nevamwe varwi vakasungwa muAzerbaijan. Ruzivo rwuripo parizvino rwunotitungamira kugumisa kuti Intigam Aliyev naRasul Jafarov vasungwa vehana uye havafanirwe kunge vakasungwa.

Kunzwa kwaIntigam Aliyev kunopera

Intigam Aliyev igweta rinozivikanwa zvikuru uye anorwira kodzero dzevanhu muAzerbaijan. Akamiririra vakawanda vakamhan'ara pamberi peEuropean Court of Human Rights muStrasbourg, France. Muna 2012, akapihwa mubairo weHomo Homini nesangano reCzech rekodzero dzevanhu People in Need. Muna Gumiguru 2014, Mr. Aliyev - pamwe chete nevamwe vakakurumbira vatsigiri vekodzero dzevanhu veAzerbaijan - vakapiwa Andrei Sakharov Freedom Award neNorwegian Helsinki Committee. On 8 August 2015, akasungwa nevakuru veAzerbaijan uye akazopomerwa mhosva yekuita zvebhizimisi zvisiri pamutemo, kusabhadhara mutero, kuita zvechitsotsi, kushandisa zvisizvo uye kushandisa hofisi zvisizvo. VaAliyev neboka ravo rezvidziviriro vanoramba zvakasimba izvi zvinopomerwa uye vanozviona sezvakaitwa uye zvinotungamirirwa nezvematongerwo enyika.

Kubva nhasi (23 Kurume), matare matanhatu aitika. Kutongwa kwekutanga kwakawanda kwakaitwa mudare diki, izvo zvakatadzisa vazhinji vaifarira (vekune dzimwe nyika), vashandi vemahofisi evamiriri vedzimwe nyika, maNGOs uye vatori venhau kuti vapinde mukutongwa. Kunyange zvazvo vacherechedzi vakanatsiridza kupinda mukutongwa kwakazoitwa, dare redzimhosva rakanga rakatsvikinyidzana uye rakagadzirwa zvisina kunaka, izvo zvaitadzisa kunyatsoongorora. Mupomerwi akaendeswa kumatare edzimhosva akasungwa nemahandcuffs uye akamanikidzwa kufamba nemotokari yakazara vanhu uye isina mweya wekufema zvakanaka. Pakunzwa kuviri kwekutanga, VaAliyev vakachengetwa mukeji yesimbi, izvo zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya kukwanisa kwake kutaura neboka rake rekudzivirira.

Dare ranzwa vose vakashungurudzwa panyaya iyi. Vanonzi vakashungurudzwa vanosanganisira magweta maviri aimboshanda naVaAliyev, pamwe neakaundendi wavo nehanzvadzi yavo. Muuchapupu hwavo, vakashungurudzwa ava vanoti vakakuvadzwa hunhu nekuti mamwe magwaro akagadzirwa neNGO aive nemasaini avo emanyepo. Dare rakakurumidza kurasa chikumbiro chevadziviriri chekubvunza nyanzvi yezvemutemo kuitira kuti vaone huchokwadi hwemasaini aya.

Dare rakarasa nenzira yakafanana chikumbiro chevadziviriri chokuti VaAliyev vasunungurwe, vachimirira kutongwa, vatendeutse kusungwa kwavo vasati vatongwa kuti vave kugara mumba, kana kuti VaAliyev vasunungurwe nekubhadhara mari yechibatiso. Vakarambawo chikumbiro chokuti nyaya yacho itongerwe mudare guru, izvo zvaizoita kuti vanhu vakawanda vanofarira vapindewo. Saizvozvo, dare rakarasa zvikumbiro zvese zvevadziviriri maererano nehumbowo uye kunaka kwenyaya. Dare rakapa mutongo uchipokana nechikumbiro chevadziviriri chekukumbira gwaro rekubhanga rinoratidza zviri kuitika muakaundi yekubhanga yeNGO. Chimwe chikumbiro chakarambwa chine chekuita nekukwanisa kukumbira runyorwa rwezvipo zvakanyoreswa kubva kubazi rezvemitemo. Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo pamusoro pemari yaVaAliyev yakatumirwa kuti inyoreswe kuMinistry of Justice, muchuchisi anopikisa kuti izvi hazvina kuitika uye akaramba achipomerwa mhosva yekutengeserana zvisiri pamutemo. Panyaya iyi, mukutongwa kwemusi wa10 Kurume 2015, VaAliyev nemagweta avo vakaendesa chikumbiro chekudzoserwa kwemagwaro e101 akabatwa nemapurisa. Magwaro aya, ayo akanyimwa kudare redzimhosva, ane chokuita nenyaya yaVaAliyev yakamirira kuEuropean Court of Human Rights uye anopa uchapupu hwokuti zvechokwadi vakanyoresa mari yavakawana kubazi rezvemitemo reAzerbaijan. Vatongi vakasendeka mutongo pachikumbiro ichi kuti “chitariswe zvakare”.

Pasinei nechikumbiro chekudzivirira kuti chijekese mhosva dziri kupomerwa Mr. Aliyev, kunyanya iyo ye "bhizimusi risingabvumirwi nemutemo", muchuchisi akakundikana kutsanangura kuti ndechipi chikamu chezviitwa zvemupomerwi zvinonzi zvisiri pamutemo maererano nemutemo. Kupomerwa kwaVaAliyev kwakachengetwa pasinei nokuti mumiririri akafambisa NGO yakanyoreswa, iyo yakagamuchira zvipo kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira nyika yeAzerbaijan.

Vatariri vekutongwa vakacherechedza nehanya nekusaenzana uye kurerekera kubatwa kwevadziviriri nevatongi vanotungamira. Kunyange hazvo muchuchisi nevatongi vaigara vachikanganisa kupa humbowo hwevakabatwa uye zvapupu, magweta edziviriro akatsiurwa nekuita zvimwe chetezvo. Pamusoro pazvo, pane dzimwe nguva muchuchisi akawanikwa achitungamirira zvapupu uye vatongi vairatidza kuva vatsigiri vakamiririra vakakuvadzwa. Zvirambidzo zvekudzivirira zvakaraswa zvachose. Uyezve, vatongi vakaramba mitsetse yakati wandei yokubvunzurudza yaiita seyaisimbisa nyaya yedziviriro uye vakapembedza chapupu chikuru mumiriri asati apedza kumubvunzurudza. Zvakaonekwa izvi zvinowedzera kuzvidza kuzvimirira uye kusarerekera kwezviri kuitika.

Pamusoro pazvo, vaongorori vedare vakaona kutyorwa kwemaitiro akati wandei mukutongwa kwenyaya yaVaAliyev. Chekutanga cheizvi chine chekuita nekeji yesimbi umo mumhan'ari akachengeterwa panguva dzakawanda dzekunzwa. Kushandiswa kwemakeji akadaro kunowanzoitwa mune dzimwe nyika dzepashure peSoviet, semuenzaniso Russia neGeorgia. Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti European Court of Human Rights, mumutongo wayo we17 Chikunguru 2014 (Svinarenko naSlyadnev v. Russia), akatonga kuti kuita uku kwakafanana nekubatwa zvisina hunhu uye kunonyadzisa. Pamusoro pazvo, dare rakatadza kunyatsogadzirisa zvichemo zvemumhan’arirwi. Mukutonga kwayo kwe19 Kubvumbi 1993 (Kraska v. Switzerland), ECHR yakapa mutongo wekuti ibasa rematare edzimhosva kuongorora zvinenge zvaendeswa, nharo uye uchapupu hunenge hwapiwa nemapato. Kuramba zvikumbiro zvose zvevadziviriri uye zvikumbiro zvekuongororazve humbowo kungaguma nekutyorwa kwekodzero yekutongwa kwakanaka, sezviri muchikamu chechitanhatu cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights. Maminitsi ekunzwa kwekare haana kupihwa kune magweta edziviriro, sekurairwa neprotocol, uye anopomerwa uye magweta ake vakanyimwa mukana wekupikisa humbowo hwakapihwa nemuchuchisi. Izvi zvinomutsa kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pehuwandu hwekuteerera nheyo yekuenzana kwezvombo. Sezvo vafakazi vose vanzwa nyaya iyi, kutongwa kwacho kwave kupera.

Kunzwa kwaRasul Jafarov: mutadzi asina kubatwa

Rasul Jafarov igweta uye anorwira kodzero dzevanhu ane mukurumbira anogara muAzerbaijan. Ndiye muvambi uye sachigaro weChikwata cheHuman Rights Club uye akaronga 'Imbirai Democracy Campaign'-kuedza kushandisa kushambadza kwakatenderedza Eurovision Song Contest 2012 muBaku kujekesa mamiriro ekodzero dzevanhu muAzerbaijan. Muna Gumiguru 2014, Rasul Jafarov, pamwe chete nevamwe vane mukurumbira vekodzero dzevanhu vekuAzerbaijan, vakapihwa mubairo weAndrei Sakharov Freedom Award neNorwegian Helsinki Committee. Mugore rimwe chetero, akasarudzwa kuve mubairo weHuman Rights Tulip Award, rukudzo rwakapihwa neNetherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs kune vakashinga vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu vanosimudzira nekutsigira kodzero dzevanhu nenzira itsva. Rasul Jafarov akasungwa musi wa2 Nyamavhuvhu 2014 uye akazopomerwa mhosva yekuita zvemabhizimusi zvisiri pamutemo, kunzvenga mutero uye kushandisa zvisina kunaka hofisi. Musi wa 12 Zvita 2014, dzimwe mhosva dzakaunzwa kwaari, kusanganisira kubiridzira uye manyepo. Kana akabatwa nemhosva idzi, anogona kutongerwa kugara mujeri kwemakore gumi nemaviri. VaJafarov neboka ravo rekudzivirira vanoramba zvakasimba mhosva dzose dzavakapomerwa.

Mukati mekutonga kwokutanga mukutongwa kwavo, VaJafarov vakaiswa mukeji yesimbi. Akaburitswa mukeji maererano nechikumbiro chake, sezvo zvaimutadzisa kutaura nemagweta ake. Kusvika nhasi dare ranzwa zvapupu gumi. Kunyange hazvo muchuchisi akafunga kuti vamwe vevanhu ava ndivo vakashungurudzwa panyaya yaipomerwa VaJafarov, vafakazi vacho vakati vaisanzwa kushungurudzwa nemumhan’ari uye havana chavanopomerwa. Maererano neuchapupu hwavo, VaJafarov vaivabhadhara nguva dzose uye zvinyorwa zvose zvemari zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutemo weAzerbaijan. Mumhan’ari akaramba kupa humbowo panguva yekutongwa achiti mhosva yaari kupomerwa haina kujeka uye kuti atsanangurwe zvakare asati ataura nezvenyaya yake. Panguva yekutongwa, mumiririri uye mumwe wezvapupu akaratidza kuti vakanga vazivisa Ministry of Justice nezve kusarudzwa kwaVaJafarov semukuru weLegal Awareness and Protection Society. Zvisinei, Bazi rezvemitemo harina kumbopindura zviri pamutemo. Zvadaro, mumiririri akatsanangura kuti haana kunyoresa kugamuchira zvipo semunhu wenyama, sezvo pakanga pasina chisungo chepamutemo chekuita saizvozvo. Kutongwa kunotevera kwenyaya yaVaJafarov kwakarongwa kuitwa musi wa12 Kurume 2015.

Vari kuongorora kutongwa kwaVaJafarov vaonawo kutyorwa kwemaitiro sezvakacherechedzwa munyaya yaVaAliyev. Chekutanga chine chekuita nekeji yesimbi umo munyoreri akabatwa. Hazvigone kusimbiswa zvakakwana kuti European Court of Human Rights, mumutongo wayo we17 Chikunguru 2014 (Svinarenko naSlyadnev v. Russia), akatonga kuti kuita uku kwakafanana nekubatwa zvisina hunhu uye kunonyadzisa. Mukuwedzera, mukutonga kwayo kwe19 Kubvumbi 1993 (Kraska v. Switzerland), ECHR yakapa mutongo wekuti matare edzimhosva anofanirwa kuongorora zvinenge zvaendeswa, nyaya uye uchapupu hunenge hwapiwa nemapato. Kuita zvinopesana nemirayiro iyi kunogona kukonzera kutyorwa kwekodzero yekutongwa zvisina tsarukano, sezviri muchikamu chechitanhatu cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights. Mhosva pamwe nemagweta ake vanoita sevakanyimwa mukana wekupikisa humbowo hwakapihwa nemuchuchisi. Izvi zvinomutsa kupokana maererano nekutevedzwa kwemusimboti wekuenzana kwezvombo.

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