China-Taiwan: Pfupiso yenyaya uye zviitiko zvinosanganisira Cross-Strait Trade in Services Agreement kubva 11 Kubvumbi 2014.

The Cross-Strait Trade in Services Agreement chibvumirano chekutevera pasi peCross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA). Chinangwa chayo ndechekudzikisa kana kubvisa zvirambidzo pakutengeserana mumasevhisi, uye kuwedzera musika uye bhizinesi chiyero chevanopa masevhisi. Kuitwa kwechibvumirano kuchabatsira vatengesi vebasa reTaiwanese kupinda mumusika mukuru weChinese nekurapwa kuri nani.

Pasi pechibvumirano, mainland China inobvumira Taiwan kuwana zvikamu makumi masere, zvichienzaniswa ne80 muTaiwan kune mainland China - mazhinji ayo akavhurwa kare. Taiwan ichanakidzwa nekuwana mukana kumusika mukuru weChinese kupfuura dzimwe nhengo dzeWTO, asi hapana chikamu chidiki chakavhurwa kuChina chinodarika zviyero zveWTO. Kutaura kwokuti ichi “chibvumirano chisina kuenzana” hakuna kutsigirwa.

Domestic review process

Kubva pakasainwa chibvumirano muna Chikumi 2013, iyo Legislative Yuan yakaita misangano makumi maviri neruzhinji pamusoro payo. Ministry of Economic Affairs, Mainland Affairs Council nemamwe masangano akabatana akaronga maforamu anopfuura zana negumi nemaindasitiri makumi mana nematanhatu uye vatungamiriri vebhizinesi mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu, nepo masangano akakodzera akazivisa iyo Legislative Yuan katatu. Zviripachena, maitiro ekudzokorora kwechibvumirano haasati ave 'basa rebhokisi dema'.

Pakatumirwa chibvumirano kuDare reMitemo, vebato rinotonga nevanopikisa vakabvumirana kuongorora uye kuvhota. Nekudaro, vamiriri vemapato anopikisa vanoshanda semasachigaro emakomiti vakazeya runhare nedare reKuomintang vamiriri veparamende kuti vaite misangano nekutanga ongororo. Vamiriri veKMT pavakaita chijana chavo sesachigaro voisa chibvumirano pachirongwa, vamiriri vemitemo vanopikisa vakapinda nechisimba papodium kudzivirira chero chiito chekomiti. Nekuda kweizvozvo, chibvumirano chakamiswa muLegislative Yuan kwemwedzi mipfumbamwe.

Musi wa17 Kurume, sachigaro wekomiti yeKMT akazivisa chibvumirano chakaitwa mukomiti. Ichi ndicho chiito chakakonzera kuratidzira kwevadzidzi. KMT caucus yakakumbira ruregerero pachena nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemaitiro ekutumira chibvumirano chesevhisi pasi, uye yakabvuma kuchidzosera kukomiti kuti iongorore-chinyorwa-chinyorwa.

Vamiriri vemitemo vanopikisa vakaramba vachikanganisa mashandiro emutemo, zvisinei, vachidzivirira vamiriri veKMT kupinda mukamuri yekomiti uye nekumisa zviito zvese pachibvumirano.

Kudyidzana

Vadzidzi vakapinda mukamuri yemutemo zvisiri pamutemo Kurume 18 mukuratidzira pamusoro pechibvumirano chebasa, vachikanganisa mashandiro eLegislative Yuan, uye kugara mukamuri kweanopfuura mavhiki matatu. Musi waKurume 23, varatidziri vakapinda nechisimba uye vakatora Executive Yuan, vachiparadza midziyo yeruzhinji nekukanganisa kutonga kwehurumende. Sezvo Executive Yuan iri muzinda wehurumende, zvaive zvakakodzera kushandisa simba remapurisa kubvisa varatidziri.

Zviito zvakatorwa nemapurisa hazvina kumbosiyana nezvaishandiswa munyika ipi neipi yegutsaruzhinji. Zvinotaurwa nevamwe varatidziri nevatsoropodzi kuti kudzingwa kwacho kwaive "kudzvinyirira ropa" kukanganisa kwakakomba kwechokwadi. Mapurisa akashandisa zvose zvaaigona kuzvidzora. Vakuvadzwa zvishoma muchiitiko ichi vanosanganisira varatidziri nemapurisa.

Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vatsigiri vekuratidzira vakatsanangura zvakaitwa nevadzidzi “sezvine runyararo, zvine musoro uye zvine musoro”, zvakaoma kufungidzira chero nyika ine hutongi hwezvido zvevanhu inoshivirira kutora mahofisi ayo emitemo nepamusoro. Varatidziri ava vakamanikidza kupinda muzvivakwa zvehurumende, uye vakakuvadza zvinhu zvakawanda zveveruzhinji panguva yekupinda uye nekugara kwavo kwenguva refu. Vakapazawo makomputa nemafaira ehurumende. Mari yekugadzirisa ichave yakakura kwazvo.

Vadzidzi vakabuda mudare remutemo manheru emusi waKubvumbi 10, kunyangwe vamwe varatidziri vachiri kunze kweYuan yeMutemo.

Hurumende inopindura zvikumbiro

Hurumende yateerera zviri kudiwa nevaratidziri zvakanaka. Mutongi weKuomintang caucus muLegislative Yuan akabvuma kudzosera chibvumirano kukomiti kuti chiongorore-chinyorwa-chinyorwa. Executive Yuan yakaendesa dhizaini yekutarisisa nzira yenhaurirano dzakachinjika kuYuan Yemutemo. Executive Yuan iri kuongororawo kuitwa kwemusangano wenyika wezvehupfumi nekutengeserana.

Iyo yakarongwa nzira yekutarisa inosanganisira matanho mana: (1) panguva yekuumbwa kwenyaya, apo zviri muchibvumirano zviri kuitika; (2) kutaurirana pakati pemasangano akakodzera panguva yekukurukurirana; (3) kuzivisa kune Legislative Yuan pane zvakakosha zviri mukati isati yasaina chibvumirano; uye (4) mushure mekusaina, kuburitswa kweruzivo rwakadzama runoonekwa serusinganzwisisike mumatanho apfuura.

Maitiro ekutarisa anosanganisira kutaurirana kwemukati pakati pemasangano ekutonga, kudyidzana pakati pemapazi emutemo neanotungamira, kutariswa neYuan Yemutemo, kutaurirana nemapoka akakodzera, uye tsananguro kune veruzhinji.

Mutungamiri Ma Ying-jeou vakapawo kakawanda kuti vataure nezvenyaya iyi nevadzidzi veHofisi yeMutungamiriri pachena, pachena, pasina zvimiro.

Musi wa7 Kubvumbi, Mutungamiri Ma vakasimbisa danho revaratidziri rekubuda mudare remutemo. Vachitaura kuti sarudzo dzeveruzhinji dzinoratidza kuti ruzhinji rweveruzhinji rwunofarira kukurumidza kupfuudzwa kwegwaro rekutarisa pamwe chete nekuongororwa kwechinyorwa-nechinyorwa chechibvumirano chebasa, Ma akadana Mutungamiriri weYuan, VaWang Jin-pyng nevamiriri vemitemo mumapato ese kuti vapindure. zvido zvevanhu kuburikidza nekudzika nzira nekukurumidza mukati mechikamu chemutemo chiripo.

Mutungamiri Ma vakakurudzirawo vezvemitemo vanopikisa kuti vasatadzise komiti yekuongorora chibvumirano chebasa, zvichipihwa kuti maitiro akadai akabvumiranwa neanotonga uye anopikisa caucuses, uye ndicho chekutanga chinodiwa nevaratidziri.

Kujekeswa kwekusamiririra chokwadi

Hurumende yajekesawo manyepo akawanda akashandiswa mukupikisa chibvumirano ichi, kusanganisira mashoko ekuti zvichakonzera kushaikwa kwemabasa kwakawanda uye kuunza kuwanda kwevanobva kuChina. Zvakadaro, ongororo yakaitwa neTaipei-based Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research inoratidza kuti chibvumirano chesevhisi chichagadzira mabasa angangosvika zviuru gumi nezviviri muTaiwan, ukuwo uchiwedzera kutengeswa kwesevhisi kuChina nezvikamu makumi matatu nenomwe muzana, kana NT$12,000 bhiriyoni (US$37 miriyoni).

Huwandu hwevashandi vekuChina vanoisa mari muTaiwan huchadzivirirwa, paine muganho wepamusoro wevanomwe kumafemu anodyara mari inodarika US$500,000. Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo anoratidza kuti mainland Chinese investimendi haingounzi mari yeindastiri yeTaiwan uye musika wemari, asiwo inogadzira mabasa kune vanhu muTaiwan. Mhosva mazana mana nemakumi mapfumbamwe neshanu dzekudyara kweChinese dzakatenderwa mukupera kwaNdira 495, nekudyara kweUS$2014 miriyoni, dzakaunza mamaneja 870 chete, nyanzvi uye nhengo dzemhuri, vachiri kushandisa 264 vekuTaiwanese. Chibvumirano chesevhisi hachipi mainland vekudyara veChinese, mamaneja kana nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi zvibvumirano zvekupinda zvisina muganho kana kugara kwenguva refu.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu emakakatanwa aripo, vamwe vatsoropodzi vanoti rusununguko nedemocracy yeTaiwan yakaderera mumakore matanhatu apfuura. Kuratidzira pamusoro pechibvumirano chebasa unongova muenzaniso mumwe chete, zvisinei, wenzanga yakazaruka zvikuru ine kushivirira kukuru nokuda kwokutaura kwemirangariro yakasiyana.

Sangano risiri rehurumende reFreedom House rakaronga Taiwan senyika yakasununguka kwemakore gumi nemasere akatevedzana, ichipa zvibodzwa zve18 kana 1 mukodzero dzezvematongerwo enyika uye rusununguko rwevanhu mumakore matanhatu apfuura. Pachikero cheFreedom House, zvibodzwa kubva pa2 kusvika pa2.5 zvinoiswa pachena semahara; matatu kusvika kushanu chikamu chemahara; uye zvitanhatu zvichikwira, kwete zvemahara. Munguva imwe cheteyo, Dhipatimendi reHurumende reUS rakapa Taiwan ongororo yakanaka maererano nerusununguko rwemunhu, rusununguko rwekutaura nekudhinda, uye kodzero dzevanhu nezvematongerwo enyika.

Uyezve, matanho anokosha akati wandei akatorwa ane chekuita nekodzero dzevanhu, anosanganisira kubvumidzwa kweUN International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights uye International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights muna 2009, uye kupasiswa kwemutemo unoda kuti vese vemudzimba. mitemo nemitemo inounzwa kuti ienderane nezvibvumirano. Muna 2011 iyo Legislative Yuan yakadzikawo mutemo weEnforcement weConvention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yekuenzana kwevakadzi inosangana nepamusoro-soro.

Vatsoropodzi vakataurawo nezve hurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika hunosanganisira hukama neChina. Nekudaro, Mutungamiriri Ma vakaramba vachisimbisa mutemo wehutongi wekuchengetedza iyo mhiri-strait quo yekusabatana, hapana rusununguko, uye kusashandisa simba. Ruzhinji rwevanhu runotsigira nzira iyi. Hurumende yakasimudzira chibvumirano chebasa chete kukurudzira chikamu chebasa reTaiwan uye kubatsira kugadzira mamiriro anoita kuti nyika itore chikamu mumubatanidzwa wehupfumi hwematunhu.

Kugadzirisa gakava

Mutungamiri Ma akasimbisa kurongeka, runyararo rwe 30 Kurume kugara-mukati paKetagalan Boulevard, vachiona kuti masevhisi chibvumirano chinofanira kubatwa neLegislative Yuan; kugara mudare remitemo haisiriyo nzira yekugadzirisa nyaya yacho. Chinokosha pakugadzirisa kwayo kukurumidza kudzoserwa kwemabasa emutemo kuitira kuti zvese zviri zviviri nzira yekutarisa uye chibvumirano chebasa zviongororwe nekuvhota pachinhu nechinhu.

Kukosha kwechibvumirano

Kana chibvumirano chebasa chikasapasa, zvakakosha zvehupfumi zvicharasika, sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro. Kurambwa kwechibvumirano kuchakanganisawo kuvimbika kweTaiwan munharaunda dzepasirese, kukanganisa kuedza kusunungura kutengeserana, uye kukanganisa mikana yenyika yekujoinha mabhuroki ekutengeserana ematunhu akadai seTrans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) uye Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Zviitiko zvakadaro zvingakanganisa ramangwana rehupfumi reTaiwan.

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