Kusimudza mativi ese uye kugadzira nyika inopenya: Kushanda maoko nemaoko kuvaka ramangwana riri nani rehukama hweChina-EU.

Belgium ishamwari yakakosha yeChina muEurope uye yakashanda sebhiriji rakasiyana muhukama hweChina-EU - anonyora Fei Shengchao, Ambassador weChina kuBelgium.

Pakutanga mwedzi uno muBrussels, Nhengo yePolitical Bureau yeCPC Central Committee uye Gurukota rezvekune dzimwe nyika reChina VaWang Yi vakasangana neMutungamiriri weBelgian Bart De Wever uye vakaita hurukuro nemutevedzeri wemutungamiri weBelgian uye Gurukota rezvekune dzimwe nyika Maxime Prévot. Aka kaive kekutanga kuchinjana kwepamusoro-soro pakati penyika mbiri idzi kubva pakaumbwa hurumende yemubatanidzwa yeBelgian muna Kukadzi. Kutsinhana kwakanaka kwakawana kutanga kutsva kwakanaka kwehukama hweChina-Belgium uye kwakabatsira mukunzwika uye kwakadzikama kusimukira kwehukama hweChina-EU munzvimbo yakaoma uye isina kugadzikana yedunhu nepasirese.

Gore rino rinocherechedza makore makumi mashanu ekudyidzana kweChina neEU. Mukushanya kwavo, Gurukota rezvekunze, VaWang Yi, vakasanganawo neMutungamiriri weEuropean Council, António Costa, uye Mutungamiriri weEuropean Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, uye vakaita denderedzwa regumi nenhatu reChina-EU High-level Strategic Dialogue nemumiriri wepamusoro wezvekune dzimwe nyika uye Chengetedzo Policy uye Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weEuropean Commission Kaja Kallas. Wang Yi akasimbisa kuti China yakamira yakagadzirira kushanda neEU kuonana sevanodyidzana, kudzamisa kudyidzana kwehupfumi nekutengeserana, kuvhurika kune mumwe nemumwe, kubata nemazvo misiyano kuburikidza nekubvunzana, uye kuwana mibairo yekuhwina. Mangwana, musangano mutsva weChina-EU Summit uchaitirwa muBeijing. Mativi maviri aya achanyatsoongorora chiitiko chehukama hweChina-EU, kuronga pamwe chete kwemakore makumi mashanu anotevera ekushandira pamwe, uye kushanda pamwe chete kuvaka ramangwana rakajeka rekudyidzana kwakasimba kweChina-EU.

Mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura, hukama hweChina neEU hwakakura kubva pakuvamba hukama hwezvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika kuenda pakudyidzana kwakazara, uye pakupedzisira kusvika pakubatana kwehungwaru hwakazara. Pasinei nekuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose, hukama hwakachengetedza budiriro yakatsiga uye hwakabereka zvibereko mukubatana. Muna 50, Mutungamiri Xi Jinping akashanyira muzinda weEU uye akaronga kuvaka mabhiriji erunyararo, kukura, shanduko uye budiriro pakati pemativi maviri aya. Pakave ne2014 kutenderera kweChina-EU Summit kusvika parizvino, uye mativi maviri aya akagadzira nhaurirano dzepamusoro-soro munzvimbo dzakakosha senge zano, hupfumi, nharaunda uye mamiriro ekunze, nyaya dzedhijitari, uye vanhu-kune-vanhu uye tsika kuchinjana, pamwe neanopfuura makumi manomwe nzira dzenhaurirano. Vese China neEU vatsigiri vakasimba vekudyidzana kwenyika dzakawanda uye kutengeserana kwakasununguka, kuchengetedza kutaurirana kwepedyo uye kurongeka pazvinhu zvepasi rose nedunhu hotspot pamwe nematambudziko epasi rose. Kutengeserana kwepagore neChina-EU kwawedzera kubva paUS$24 bhiriyoni pakatanga hukama hwekudyidzana kusvika paUSD 70 bhiriyoni muna 2.4. Kutengeserana kweChina neBelgium kwakura zvakapetwa ka785.8 kubvira pakavambwa hukama hwekudyidzana, kusvika paUS$2024 bhiriyoni gore rapfuura. Gwaro reChina-remahara revhiza ikozvino rinofukidza Belgium nedzimwe nyika makumi maviri nenhatu dzeEU. Maitiro e "China Kufamba" ave kuwedzera mukurumbira kure nekure muEurope.

Shamwari dzedu zhinji dzeBelgian neEurope dzinofarira kuvandudzwa kwehukama hweChina-EU. Vashomanana vanotenda kuti mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura, China neEurope dzakasimudzirana kuti ive nenyika yakajeka. Mazhinji emaonero uye kurudziro pahukama hweChina-EU anovaka. Nekudaro, mamwe manzwi anoratidza kwakawanda kusanzwisisana kana kusanzwisisa, zvichiratidza kuti China haina kubatsira mukubatsirana, asi kuisa Europe panjodzi. Ndinoda kugovera pfungwa dzangu pamibvunzo mina inowanzo bvunzwa, ndinovimba ichabatsira kuwedzera mamiriro uye kubatsira vaverengi kusvika pamhinduro dzavo.

Q1: China yakatora mukana weEU here?

Nguva pfupi yadarika, pave paine kupomerwa kwagara kuchiitwa pamusoro pemitemo yekutengeserana nehupfumi yeChina, zvichinzi rubatsiro rusina kunaka rwemaindasitiri nedivi reChina rwakakonzera kushomeka kwekutengeserana kweEU neChina. China neEU dzinofarira hukama hwepedyo hwehupfumi nekutengeserana. Nepo makwikwi nekukweshana zvisingadzivisiki, hazvishandure chimiro chekubatsirana pakati pemativi maviri. Asi izvo, zvakatenderedza 40% yezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika nemakambani eEU anoshanda muChina anotumirwa zvakare kuEurope. Mupfungwa iyi, nepo zvakasara zvichionekwa kudivi reChinese, purofiti yakawanda inoguma nedivi reEurope. EU inochengetedza zvakare yakasara mukutengeserana kwesevhisi neChina, inosvika pamusoro peUSD 50 bhiriyoni muna 2024. China yavewo nekushingaira kuwedzera zvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakaita seChina International Import Expo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yekutengeserana yakasara sechikamu cheGDP yakaona kuderera kukuru. Zvigadzirwa zveEurope zvakaita sePhilips, Nokia neAirbus zvinoramba zvakabata misika yakasimba muChina, uye zvigadzirwa zveBelgian sechokoreti nedoro zvinoramba zvichizivikanwa pakati pevatengi veChinese. Panyaya yerubatsiro rwemaindasitiri, mitemo yeChina inotevedza zvisungo zvehutongi hwejekerere, hutongi hwejekerere, kutevedzwa nekusarura, izvo zvinoenderana nemaitiro epasi rose. Izvo zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti EU pachayo zvakare iri mupi mukuru werubatsiro. Kuvapo kwezvigadzirwa zveChinese muEurope kunotungamirwa nekuenzanisa mukana, kudiwa kwemusika uye nheyo dzehupfumi. Kukwikwidzana kwezvinhu zveChinese kunovakwa nekushanda nesimba kwemakambani eChinese, kwete kusikwa nerubatsiro rwehurumende. Gore rakapera, China yakagadzira mamiriyoni gumi nematatu emagetsi emagetsi. Dai izvi zvaingobva parubatsiro, kunyangwe hurumende yeChina yaisakwanisa kuzvipa. Zvigadzirwa zveChinese zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvinokwanisika zvakawedzera sarudzo dzevatengi muBelgium nemuEurope yese, zvichivandudza hupenyu hwenharaunda dzeko. Kutengeserana kunobatsira mhuri, mabhizimisi nenyika zvakafanana, chinova chikomborero, kwete mutoro.

Q2: China inorasa pamusika weEurope here?

COSCO's Zeebrugge Terminal uye smart logistics hub yeCainiao Network muLiège inomira sezviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuhwina-kuhwina kubatana pakati peChina neBelgium, uye inotora basa rakakosha semasuwo ekutengeserana kweChina-EU, zvinhu uye kudyidzana kwebhizinesi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kwave nerondedzero iri kukura ichiwedzeredza "kuwandisa kweChina" uye "kutengesa kutengeserana". Nyaya yekuwandisa haigoni kutongerwa chete zvichienderana nezvakabuda, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kana chikamu chemusika. Zvikasadaro, ndege dzeEuropean Airbus, zvinhu zveFrance zveumbozha uye mota dzeGerman zvese zvinofanirwa kutorwa senyaya dzekuwandisa. 90% yemotokari nyowani dzeChina (NEVs) inotengeswa mukati, iine gumi chete muzana inotengeswa kunze, uye chikamu chemusika cheChinese NEVs muEurope chinongosvika 10%. Izvi zvinogona sei kunzi overcapacity? Kuzivikanwa kwezvigadzirwa zveChinese kumba nekune dzimwe nyika imhaka yemhando yepamusoro, kwete yakawandisa. Kana iri nyaya yekutengeserana diversion, chirevo chakaburitswa neBruegel Institute kuBelgium chinonongedza kuti kushushikana kubva kudivi reEurope kwanyanya. Kunyangwe hurumende yeUS isati yazivisa mimwe mitero yezvinhu zveChinese, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zveChinese zvakange zvatotarisana nemitengo yakakwira, izvo zvakaderedza chikamu chekutengesa kunze kwenyika kuUS kusvika 5% chete (13.5% muChinese masosi). Zvakare, iyo mimwe mitero yakatemerwa China panguva yehutongi hwaTrump hwakapfuura haina kutungamira kune chero shanduko yakakosha yekutengeswa kweChina kuEurope. Kubva 14.7 kusvika kumwedzi gumi yekutanga ya2018, kutengeswa kweChina kuUS sechikamu chezvese kunze kwenyika kwakadzikira ne2024%, nepo chikamu chayo chekutengesa kunze kwenyika kuEU chakawedzera ne 4.6% chete panguva imwe cheteyo.

Q3: ls China ichadzima zvinhu zvakakosha?

Belgium ine indasitiri yemhando yepamusoro-soro, uye vazhinji vari kutevera zvakanyanya matanho eChina ekudzora kunze kwenyika papasi risingawanzo. Semugadziri mukuru wepasirese uye anotengesera kunze kwenyika zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, China inopa zvinenge zvese zvinodiwa neEU papasi risingawanzoitiki, ichipa mupiro wakakura kushanduko dzemadhijitari negirinhi dzeEurope, kukwikwidza kwemaindasitiri uye kuchengetedzeka kwehupfumi. Rare pasi zvinhu zviviri-zvekushandisa zvinogona kushandira zvese zvechiuto uye zvechiuto. Ikodzero yekutonga uye mutoro wepasirese kuti nyika ipi neipi iite mitemo inodiwa pazvinhu zvakadaro. Mitemo yeChina inowirirana netsika dzepasi rose uye inobatsira kuchengetedza runyararo rwepasi rose nekugadzikana. Rare pasi kutengesa kunze kwenyika hakuna kumbove uye haifanire kunge iri nyaya pakati peChina neEU. Chero bedzi mitemo yekudzora kunze kwenyika ichicherechedzwa uye maitiro anodiwa achiteverwa, zvakajairwa zvinodiwa nemakambani eEurope zvinozovimbiswa. Sezvineiwo, zviremera zveChinese zvakagadzira "fast track" yemakambani eEurope, kuratidza China inotora zvinetswa zveEurope zvakanyanya.

Q4: China yakatora mativi mudambudziko reUkraine here?

Mhosva dzekuti China "yakatora divi" mudambudziko reUkraine zvave kutenderera kwenguva yakati rebei, asi nguva dzose zvichipesana nezvokwadi nechokwadi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vamwe vakatosvika pakutaura kuti China inoda kuti dambudziko "rienderere mberi", izvo zviri izvo zvisina musoro uye zvisina musoro. China yagara ichikurudzira kuti dambudziko rigadziriswe nekukurumidza uye zvine runyararo uye yagara ichikurudzira nhaurirano dzerunyararo maererano nezvina zvinofanirwa kutaurwa naPresident Xi Jinping, zvinoti, kuzvitonga uye kuvimbika kwenzvimbo yenyika dzese kunofanirwa kuremekedzwa; zvinangwa nemisimboti yeUN Charter inofanirwa kucherechedzwa; zvichemo zviri pamutemo zvekuchengetedza nyika dzese zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa, uye kuedza kwese kunobatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko murunyararo kunofanirwa kutsigirwa. China yakapawo bepa rinotsanangura chimiro chayo, yakatumira nhumwa yayo kuti iite diplomacy, uye yakatanga Boka reShamwari dzeRunyararo kuUnited Nations neBrazil nedzimwe nyika zhinji dzekumaodzanyemba. Kana dziri dzekuti China iri kutsigira Russia, kunyanya nekupa rubatsiro rwechiuto, hurumende yeChina haina kumbobvira yapa zvombo zvinouraya kune chero bato rine chekuita nekunetsana uye inonyatso kudzora kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa zviviri. Maererano neruzivo rwuripo, 70% kusvika 80% yezvinhu zvakakosha zvinowanikwa muzvombo zvakatorwa muUkraine zvinobva kunyika dzekuMadokero, kwete kubva kuChina. Dambudziko reUkraine harisi uye harifanirwe kuve nzvimbo yekupokana pakati peChina neEU.

Musangano unotevera weChina-EU uchapinza mativi matsva mukati uye kuvhura tarisiro nyowani dzekudyidzana kweChina-EU kwakadzama kwehukama. Takagadzirira kushanda nezvikamu zvese zvenzanga yeBelgian kuendesa mberi hushamwari hwedu, kusimbisa kuvimbana, kuwedzera kushandira pamwe, uye kuunza kudyidzana kwedu kwese kwehushamwari nekushandira pamwe kune imwe nhanho. Pamwe chete, tichabatsira mukubudirira kwakagovaniswa kweChina neEU kuitira nyika yakajeka mumakore makumi mashanu anotevera.

Goverana ichi chinyorwa: