Kazakhstan Yakavhurika Kune Bhizinesi?

Zvino kuti ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu kubva pakatangwa Expo 2017 Astana yapfuura, Kazakhstan yakabudirira sei $3 bhiriyoni. kuedza kuudza nyika kuti "yakavhurirwa bhizinesi?" Pamberi peExpo, hurumende yeKazakhstan yakaedza nepainogona napo kusimudzira tarisiro uye kuzvimisa senzvimbo ine simba redunhu, ichida kusiyanisa hupfumi hwayo hunoenderana neoiri. Chokwadi, mukati memakore anopfuura kota kubva nyika yawana rusununguko kubva kuUSSR, kukura kweGDP kwakauya zvakanyanya kubva kumashure kweKazakhstan yakakura zviwanikwa. Asi nemutengo wemafuta negasi - uyo unosvika 60% yezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika - wadzikira, uye neGDP yakakwira ne1% chete gore rapfuura, hurumende yanga ichikurumidza. miedzo kukwezva vatengesi vekunze. Ndosaka dingindira rerunako - "Nguva Yemberi" - uye mushandirapamwe wehurumende kutora Expo pakutanga sechikamu chechirongwa chekuzivisa nyika.

Nekudaro, mamiriro ekudyara ane dambudziko. AES, imwe yemakambani ekutanga ekunze kuisa mari munyika inonyatsoziva matambudziko. Mutauriri weAES akatsanangura mabatiro akaita Kazakhstan nechisimba zvidyarwa zviviri zvemagetsi emagetsi izvo AES yakanga yawana muchibvumirano makore makumi maviri apfuura - uye yakabhadhara kambani madhora 20 chete mukudzorera midziyo.

 AES yaive pakati pevekutanga uye vega vekunze vanoisa mari kunze kwechikamu chemafuta kuisa mari muKazakhstan, vapinda mumusika muna 1996, apo nyika yakanga ichiri kumisa kufambira mberi kubva mukurongwa kuenda kuhupfumi hwemusika. Panguva iyoyo, chikamu chemagetsi chakanga chichiri chehurumende uye chiri pedyo nekuparara nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemari.

Kutanga kweAES kwaive kutora iyo ichangoburwa yeEkibastuz GRES 1 marasha-yemagetsi emagetsi mudunhu rePavlodar. Yakurudzirwa nekuzvipira kweKazakhstan kutsigira mari yekunze yakazvimiririra, AES yakazopinda muchibvumirano chekutengesa uye yakawana kupisa kwemarasha nemagetsi emagetsi, pamwe nemvumo yemakore makumi maviri yezvidyarwa zviviri zvemagetsi muEast Kazakhstan. Kuona kuti zvidyarwa zviri kushanda munguva yechando uye kusimudzira kushanda kwayo, AES yakaisa mari inosvika mazana mana emamiriyoni emadhora muzvirimwa zvakasanganisirwa muchibvumirano - kunyangwe kudyara muchikamu ichi kuchiri nenjodzi huru.

Sezvo hupfumi hwakatanga kukwira muna 2001 nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo yemafuta, hurumende yakatanga kuve nepfungwa dzechipiri pamusoro pesarudzo dzayo dzekutengesa midziyo kune vekunze vanosima mari seAES. Nekuda kweizvozvo, yakatanga kuyedza kuenzanisazve zvidyarwa uye kuita kuti chibvumirano chebvumirano chishaye basa.

Mhosva yaingove yekuti Kazakhstan yakanga yapa huwandu hwezvivimbiso uye zvivimbiso kuburikidza nechibvumirano chebvumirano pamwe nemutemo uripo seMutemo Wekudyira Kwekunze - vimbiso dzaive dzakakosha musarudzo yeAES yekutsvaga mari.

Asi izvo hazvina kumisa Kazakhstan kusaina kuti yaisazowedzera chibvumirano, kana kuzadzisa zvivimbiso zvayo - chokwadi chakawedzera kujeka sezvo zuva rekupera kwaGumiguru 1 rakasvika. Muna Kubvumbi 2017, AES yakaziviswa zviri pamutemo kuti Astana yaizoda kudzoka kwezvirimwa zvayo muna Gumiguru 2017, pasina kupa chero tsananguro kana mukana wenhaurirano. Sechikamu chemaitiro ekudzoka, Kazakhstan yaifanirwa kubhadhara AES mubhadharo wekufambisa wakaverengerwa zvinoenderana nekondirakiti fomula, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuona kuti iyo femu yaizobhadharwa chero kukosha kwayakapa kune zvidyarwa panguva yemvumo. Muna Chikunguru, AES yakagovera maverengero ayo ekubhadhara, ayo akasvika madhora 1 miriyoni, pamwe chete nemagwaro anotsigira. Mwedzi wakatevera, Kazakhstan yakapindura nefungidziro yepeji imwe yemadhora makumi matanhatu emamiriyoni - pasina zvinyorwa zvakabatanidzwa.

Kutevera kumwe kuseri-uye-mberi, Kazakhstan yakazivisa AES kuti mari yaifanirwa kunge iri $1 chete pachirimwa chimwe nechimwe. Zvichida zvakafanira kumunhu anoshamisa kudaro, hurumende haina kupa chero ruzivo rwekuverenga kwayo kutsva.

Muchiziviso chayo chaApril, hurumende yakataura kuti mari yakaenzana neAES 'kuverengera kwekubhadhara kwekutamisa kwaizoiswa mu escrow., mukudzoka kweiyo iyo femu inofanirwa kutamisa zvidyarwa, uye iyo arbitration ingave yakakosha kumisikidza mubhadharo chaiwo. AES yakaramba, asi hurumende yakaramba ichienderera mberi uye yakadzokorora kuda kwayo "kukurumidza" kutamiswa kwezvirimwa. AES yakateerera.

Pamusoro pekusabhadhara AES, Kazakhstan yakamisa chibvumirano che escrow chakakanganisika icho chakabvumira hurumende kutungamira kuburitswa kwemari kune chero munhu (kusanganisira iyo) chero nguva, izvo zvakaita kuti AES inyore chibvumirano chechinguvana chinovadzivisa kuita kudaro. Kunyangwe hazvo AES yanga ichisvika kuvakuru venzvimbo kuti vawane mhinduro inowirirana, Kazakhstan yaramba kuita nhaurirano dzekugadzirisana, izvo zvinogona kumanikidza AES kuti itange kupokana.

Sekutsanangura kwakaita mutauriri, nyaya iyi inoshanda seyambiro kune vamwe vanoisa mari vari kuda kupinda munyika. Chokwadi, mamwe mafemu emagetsi ekunze anoshanda muKazakhstan akatambura zvakafanana. Izvi zvinosanganisira mafemu eUS CCL Oil, Turkey's Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı, uye femu yechiDutch Liman Caspian Oil BV.

Sezvavanotaura, kana hurumende ichida kusiyanisa hupfumi hwayo uye kukwezva bhizinesi, "Inofanirwa kuvimbisa hurongwa hwekutonga hwakagadzikana uye kubvumidza vanoisa mari kudzosera purofiti uye kubatwa zvakanaka pasi pezvibvumirano zvakabvumiranwa." Chokwadi, zano rakadaro raizoenda kure mukuona kuti expo inounza pazvivimbiso zvayo.

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