Zvishoma Kusununguka: Iyo US Inotamburira Kuzvisunungura kubva kuHuawei's Grip

Mumakore anotevera danho rehutongi hwaTrump hwekumisa Huawei, United States yakanetsana nebasa rakaoma uye rinodhura rekubvisa zvivakwa zvayo zvekutaurirana kubva kuChinese tech hofori. Chirongwa ichi, chinodaidzwa kuti "rip and replace" chirongwa, chakagadzirirwa kubvisa uye kutsiva midziyo yeHuawei kubva kumanetiweki eUS nekuda kwekunetsekana nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Zvakadaro, mishumo ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti kufambira mberi kwave kunonoka, paine 12% chete yemakambani ari kutora chikamu muchirongwa cheFederal Communications Commission's (FCC) apedza basa rawo. Kunonoka kunotaridza kurwa kukuru mukati mehurumende yeUS nemauto kuita zvizere kurambidza kubatana kweHuawei.

Mavambo eHuawei Ban

Kushushikana kwehurumende yeUS pamusoro peHuawei kunobva muhukama hwayo hwepedyo nehurumende yeChina nemauto, izvo zvave kutyira kuti kambani iyi inogona kumanikidzwa kushora yakamiririra Beijing. Zvinetso izvi zvinowedzerwa neChina National Intelligence Law, iyo inoda kuti makambani ekuChina ashande pamwe nekuedza kwehurumende. Kunyangwe Huawei akaramba achiramba kubatanidzwa muespionage, US nevamwe vayo vakati wandei vakatama kuti vadzivise kuwana kwekambani kune zvakakosha zvivakwa.

Muna 2019, US yakatora danho rakashinga rekuwedzera Huawei kune Yayo Entity List, ichinyatso kurambidza makambani eAmerica kuita bhizinesi nekambani pasina rezinesi rakakosha. Kutama kwacho kwaive chiratidzo chakajeka chekudzika midzi pakati peWashington neBeijing, uye yakagadzira nhanho ye "rip and replace" mandate yakatevera.

Zvipo zveHuawei kune Global Technology

Zvisinei nekunetsekana kwekuchengetedza kwakasimudzwa nehurumende yeUS, Huawei akaita zvakakosha kuindasitiri yezvekufambiswa kwemashoko pasi rose. Iyo kambani inotungamira mune tekinoroji ye5G, ichipa zvivakwa zvepamberi pamitengo yemakwikwi. Zvigadzirwa zveHuawei zvakadzikisira mutengo wekuvaka nekuchengetedza masisitimu ekumhanya, kunyanya munyika dzichiri kusimukira uko kugona kuri chinhu chakakosha mukuwedzera kuwanikwa kwedhijitari.

Tekinoroji yeHuawei inowanzorumbidzwa nekuvimbika kwayo uye kushanda kwayo. Vazhinji vekumaruwa telecom vanopa muUS vakasarudza Huawei michina nekuti yaipa mhinduro inodhura yakaita zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma. Vagadziri ava vanopokana kuti zvigadzirwa zvekambani zvakavabatsira kudzikamisa kupatsanurwa kwedhijitari munzvimbo idzo nharembozha huru dzaisada kuisa mari. Mutengo wekutsiva mudziyo uyu hausi wemari chete; zvinosanganisirawo kukanganisa kwesevhisi kunogona kuitika munzvimbo dzisina kuchengetedzwa.

Pamusoro pebasa rayo mukufambiswa kwemashoko, Huawei akadyara mari yakawanda mukutsvaga nekusimudzira, kunyanya muminda yehungwaru hwekugadzira, cloud computing, uye semiconductors. Kudyara uku hakuna kungosimbisa kukwikwidza kwaHuawei chete asi kwakabatsirawo kune yepasi rose tech ecosystem, kutyaira hunyanzvi uye kugadzira mikana mitsva yekubatana.

Iyo FCC's 'Kubvarura uye Kutsiva' Chirongwa: Inononoka Kurume Kumberi

Iyo FCC's "rip and replace" chirongwa chakaunzwa muna 2020 kubatsira vadiki uye vekumaruwa vanopa telecom kubvisa Huawei (uye ZTE) michina kubva kunetiweki yavo. Congress yakapa madhora bhiriyoni zana nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora kuchirongwa ichi, nechinangwa chekudzorera vanopa ava miripo ine chekuita nekutsiva giya rakagadzirwa neChina. Zvisinei nekuita sekwakatwasuka kwechisungo ichi, chirongwa ichi chakasangana nezvipingaidzo zvakakura.

Kubva pakati pa2024, 12% chete yemakambani ari kutora chikamu apedza kubviswa nekutsiviwa kwemidziyo yeHuawei. Pane zvinhu zvakati kuti zvakakonzera kuti pave nehusimbe uku. Chokutanga uye chikuru ndechekukura uye kuoma kwebasa racho. Kune vazhinji vekumaruwa telecom vanopa, Huawei michina yave iri dombo repakona retiweki yavo kwemakore, ichipa mhinduro inodhura munzvimbo dzine miganho mitete. Kutsiva iyi midziyo haingodhure chete asiwo kukanganisa kushumiro, izvo zvinogona kunetsa zvakanyanya mumatunhu uko kubatana kwatove kushoma.

Zvakare, denda reCCIDID-19 rinowedzera kuomesa zvinhu, zvichikonzera kunonoka mumaketani ekupa uye kuwedzera mutengo wevashandi uye zvinhu. Matambudziko ekugadzirisa zvinhu akawedzerwa nekushomeka kwepasirese semiconductor, izvo zvaita kuti zviome kumakambani kuwana zvinodikanwa zvekutsiva Huawei michina.

Hondo yeMasoja neHuawei

Kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kwechirongwa che "rip and replace" kunoratidzwa nematambudziko ari kuramba achiitwa nemauto eUS mukuita kurambidzwa kuzere kwekubatana neHuawei nevatsigiri vayo. Zvinetso zvemauto zvakatonyanya kuoma kupfuura izvo zvevanopa nharembozha, zvichipihwa zvingangokonzeresa kuchengetedzwa kwenyika. Asi, zvisinei nekunetseka uku, Dhipatimendi reDziviriro (DoD) rakaona zvichinetsa kuona kuti hapana chikamu cheiyo yakakura uye yakaoma yekugovera cheni yakabatana neHuawei.

Imwe yenyaya huru ndeyekuzivikanwa kweHuawei tekinoroji. Kwemakore, kambani yanga ichitungamira mupi wemidziyo yekufonera, kwete muUnited States chete asi pasirese. Uku kuvepo kwakapararira kunoreva kuti zvikamu zveHuawei, kana zvikamu kubva kune masubsidiaries uye vanobatana nazvo, zvinogona kuwanikwa mune akasiyana masisitimu uye zvigadzirwa, kazhinji pasina ruzivo rwekupedzisira-mushandisi.

Rimwe dambudziko nderekumisikidzwa kwemaitiro ekutengwa kwemauto eUS. Nemapazi akawanda uye makondirakiti asingaverengeki ane chekuita nekupa midziyo nemasevhisi kumauto, kuve nechokwadi kuti kuteedzera kurambidzwa kweHuawei ibasa rakaoma. Nepo iyo DoD yakapa nhungamiro kune makondirakiti nevatengesi, kutevedzera iyi mitemo kwaratidza kuoma. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, makondirakiti anogona kunge asiri kutomboziva kuti ari kushandisa Huawei tekinoroji, kunyanya kana yakanyudzwa mumasisitimu makuru kana kutorwa kuburikidza nevechitatu mapato.

Uyezve, kuvimba kwemauto negadziriro dzenhaka kunopa chimwe chipingamupinyi. Mamwe eaya masisitimu, kunyanya ayo anoshandiswa kure kana akasarudzika maapplication, anogona kuramba achivimba neHuawei tekinoroji nekuti kune mashoma anogona kushanda. Maitiro ekuziva, kutsiva, uye kupihwa zvitupa zvitsva zvinotora nguva uye zvinodhura, uye mune dzimwe nguva, zvinogona kunge zvisingagoneke pasina kukanganisa kugona kwemauto.

Izvo Zvakaipa zvekurambidza Huawei kubva kuUS Mauto

Nepo kushushikana kwehurumende yeUS nezveHuawei kwakadzika midzi mukuchengetedzeka kwenyika, pane zvakati wandei zvakaipira kurambidzwa kwegumbeze tekinoroji yekambani mukati memauto. Imwe yeakanyanya kukosha ndeye kurasikirwa kwekugona kuwana yekucheka-kumucheto tekinoroji pamitengo yemakwikwi. Huawei's 5G michina, semuenzaniso, inoonekwa nevakawanda muindasitiri seimwe yeakanakisa pasirese. Nekusabatanidza Huawei, mauto eUS anogona kuvimba nedzimwe nzira dzinodhura kana shoma, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwese uye kushanda kwemanetiweki ekutaurirana.

Chimwe chinonetsa kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekutsiva tekinoroji yeHuawei. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, izvi zvinogona kureva kuti masisitimu akakosha anotorwa kunze kwenyika kana kuti mashandiro emauto anombotadziswa kwenguva apo michina mitsva inoiswa nekuyedzwa. Munzvimbo umo kuvimbika uye kuenderera kwakakosha, kukanganisa uku kunogona kuunza njodzi huru.

Uyezve, kurambidzwa kweHuawei kunogona kudzikisira kugona kwemauto kubatana nevadyidzani vekunze vanoramba vachishandisa tekinoroji yeHuawei. Izvi zvinogona kugadzira nyaya dzekugarisana mukushanda pamwe chete kana zviitiko zvekugovanisa hungwaru, zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwemibatanidzwa yemauto eUS.

Chekupedzisira, kutarisa paHuawei kunogona kutsausa kutarisa uye zviwanikwa kubva kune zvimwe, zvingave zvakanyanya kukosha, kutyisidzira kwecybersecurity. Mauto eUS anofanirwa kurwisana nematambudziko akasiyana siyana, kubva pakurwisa cyberattacks kunotsigirwa nehurumende kusvika pakusagadzikana muhunyanzvi hwekutengesa kunze kwesherufu. Nekutarisisa zvakanyanya paHuawei, pane njodzi yekutarisisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakosha dzinoda kutariswa.

Nzira Iri Mberi

Kufambira mberi kunononoka mukubvisa Huawei kubva kuUS network uye masisitimu emauto kunosimbisa matambudziko akakura anotarisana neUS mukudzikisa kutsamira pahunyanzvi hweChinese. Kunyange kuda kwezvematongerwo enyika kugura hukama neHuawei kwakasimba, kuita kwekuita izvi kwakatonyanya kuoma.

Munguva pfupi, hurumende yeUS ingangoda kupa imwe mari uye zviwanikwa kuti ikurumidze "rip and replace" chirongwa. Iyo yekutanga $ 1.9 bhiriyoni yekugoverwa, nepo yakakura, inogona kunge isingakwani kubhadhara yakazara mutengo wekutsiva Huawei midziyo, kunyanya kupihwa inflation uye kuvhiringika kwekutengesa kwakaitika kubva pakatangwa chirongwa. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe matanho ehukasha ekumanikidza angave akadikanwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti vanopa telecom vanoteedzera zvakatemerwa nenguva.

Kune vemauto, imwe nzira yakazara inogona kudiwa kubvisa tekinoroji yeHuawei kubva kumaketani ayo ekupa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kudyidzana kwepedyo nevanodyidzana uye vanodyidzana kugadzira akachengeteka, mamwe matekinoroji uye cheni dzekugovera, pamwe nekutarisa kwakasimba kwevakontrakta nevatengesi. Iyo DoD ingangoda kuisa mari mukutsvagisa nekusimudzira kuedza kugadzira zvigadziriso zvemba zvinogona kutsiva tekinoroji yeHuawei mumashandisirwo ane hunyanzvi.

Nekudaro, zvakakoshawo kuyera mabhenefiti ehunyanzvi hweHuawei kutarisana nenjodzi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvingave zvakanyanya pragmatic kuchengetedza mamwe masisitimu eHuawei paunenge uchiita dziviriro dzakasimba kudzikisira zvinogona kutyisidzira kuchengetedza. Izvi zvinogona kubvumira mauto kuti aenderere mberi nekushandisa tekinoroji yepamusoro uku achideredza kukanganisa uye mutengo.

Kufambira mberi zvishoma kweUS mukubva kuHuawei kunoratidza kuomarara uye matambudziko ekuzvitsaura kubva kune yepasi rose tekinoroji ecosystem. Nepo chirongwa che "kubvarura nekutsiva" uye kuedza kwemauto kurambidza kubatana kweHuawei ari matanho akakosha, anongova kutanga. Sezvo US ichienderera mberi nekufambisa kusawirirana kwegeopolitical neChina, ichada kutsvaga nzira dzekuvaka rakachengeteka uye rekuzvimirira remangwana tekinoroji. Nekudaro, mukuita izvi, inofanirwawo kufunga zvakanakira zvinogona kuchengetedza kuwana tekinoroji yeHuawei uye kuipa kwekurambidzwa kwakazara. Kuwana nzira yakadzikama inogadzirisa zvinetswa zvekuchengetedza uku uchichengetedza hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji kuchave kwakakosha kubudiriro yeUS mukuedza uku.

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