Komisheni inotsvaga mhinduro pane yakanyorwa antitrust Madhiraivha pakusabatanidzira kushungurudzwa

European Commission yakatanga a kubvunza veruzhinji tichikoka mapato ese anofarira kuti ataure pamusoro pegwaro reMitemo pamusoro pekusabatanidzira kushungurudzwa kwehutongi.

Chisungo 102 cheChibvumirano cheKushanda kweEuropean Union ('TFEU') inorambidza makambani ane masimba kuita hunhu hwekushungurudza, kusanganisira maitiro asingasanganisire vakwikwidzi pamusika. Mienzaniso yehudzvanyiriri hwakadai hwehutongi hunosanganisira mitengo yehudzvinyiriri, kudzvanyirirwa kwemariji, kutengeserana chete uye kuramba kupa.

Kutevedzwa kweChinyorwa 102 TFEU kwakakosha pakuona kuti makwikwi anoshanda nemazvo, kuti mabhizinesi ese awane mukana wakanaka wekukwikwidza uye kuti vatengi vanogona kukohwa zvakanakira misika yemakwikwi. Komisheni yakawana ruzivo rwakakura mukusimbisa Chisungo 102 TFEU, kunyanya maererano nekushungurudzwa kwekunze. Panguva imwecheteyo, Chisungo 102 TFEU ndiyo yega nharaunda yeEuropean makwikwi mutemo uko pasina Nhungamiro parizvino inojekesa mashandisiro ayo.

Gwaro reMiganho raburitswa nhasi rine chinangwa chekuratidza dudziro yeKomisheni ye matare eEU' case law pamusoro pekushungurudzwa kwekusarura uye maitiro eKomisheni. Izvi zvichabatsira kuwedzera chokwadi chemutemo kubatsira vatengi, uye mabhizinesi, pamwe nevatungamiriri vemakwikwi enyika nematare.

Kunyanya, iyo Draft Guidelines inopa nhungamiro pane dzakasiyana-siyana dzakakosha nyaya dzine chekuita nekushungurudzwa kwemakambani makuru, kusanganisira:

• The chinangwa chemakwikwi ekuita mutemo uye pfungwa yehutano hwevatengi pasi pemutemo weEU, kusanganisira maererano nekushungurudzwa kwekusabatanidzwa.
• Mitemo mikuru inoshandiswa pakuongorora kwe mumwe uye pamwe chete kutonga.
• Kushandiswa kwe zvakajairika misimboti kuona kana mufambiro unoitwa nekambani ine simba ungangoita kushungurudzwa uye, kunyanya, pane pfungwa dze “makwikwi pamusoro pezvakakodzera" uye "kusarudzika mhedzisiro".
• The uchapupu hunodiwa kuratidza kuti mufambiro unokwanisa kuburitsa mhedzisiro. Kunyanya, iyo dhizaini Yekutungamira inocherekedza: (i) mapoka emaitiro ayo ari zvakakodzera kuratidza kugona kugadzira exclusionary mhedzisiro; (ii) mapoka ehunhu ane a kugona kukuru kutungamira kumhedzisiro yekusarudzika, uye (iii) zvirambidzo zvisina kupfeka, izvo nemasikirwo avo chaiwo zvinotungamira kune kusabatanidzwa mhedzisiro.
• The chiyero chemutemo chakasimba kumisa kugona kwemaitiro ekuburitsa mhedzisiro.

• Iyo analytical framework inoshanda kune mamwe marudzi ekuita nemakambani makuru. Chinyorwa chinosiyanisa pakati pe: (i) itisa zvinoenderana nebvunzo chaiyo yepamutemo zvakatarwa mumutemo wenyaya weEU (kureva kubata chete, kusungirira uye kusungirirana, kuramba kupa, mitengo yekubira uye kudzvanywa kwemargin); uye (ii) kuita zvisiri pasi pekuedzwa chaiko kwemutemo (kureva kudzoreredzwa kwezvimiso, kudzoreredzwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda, kuzvisarudzira uye kurambidzwa kuwana).
• Iyo general nheyo inoshanda kune kuongororwa kwezvikonzero zvechinangwa kuti kambani ine simba iite nharo.

Zvitsva Zvitsva

Vese vanofarira vanogona kutumira zvavanoda pagwaro reMitemo pasati pasvika 31 Gumiguru 2024. Ruzivo rwakawanda runosanganisira maitiro ekutumira mupiro rwuripo. pano.

Komisheni parizvino iri kuronga kupedzisa hurongwa hweNhungamiro pamusoro peKusabatwa zvisina kunaka pahwaro hwemashoko akagamuchirwa mukubvunzana kwevanhu uku mukati megore ra2025.

Nhoroondo Yacho

Chisungo 102 yeTFEU, iyo inogona zvakare kushandiswa nevakuru vemakwikwi enyika nematare, inorambidza kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwechinzvimbo chinogona kukanganisa kutengeserana mukati meEU uye kudzivirira kana kurambidza kukwikwidza. Kuitwa kwechirongwa ichi kunotsanangurwa mu Regulation No 1/2003.

Muchikamu chacho 2008 Nhungamiro pane zvinokosheswa neKomisheni, Komisheni yakaisa zvinokosheswa pakutevedzwa kwemutemo maererano nekusabvisa zvisizvo zvekutonga. The 2008 Guidance yakabatsira kusimudzira nzira yakanangana nemhedzisiro inogona kuitika yekupomerwa kushungurudza maitiro, kuburikidza nekuongorora kwemusika dynamics ("effects-based approach"). Kubva pakatambirwa Gwaro remuna 2008, Dare reJustice reEuropean Union rakapa mitongo makumi matatu nemana pamusoro pekushungurudzwa kwevamwe. Uyu mutemo wakapfuma wemhosva wakatsigira maitiro emhedzisiro yeChisungo 34 TFEU inosimudzirwa neKomisheni uye yakajekesa zvakanyanya chiyero chemitemo.

Muna Kurume 2023, Komisheni yakatanga a Dana Umbowo kutsvaga mhinduro pamusoro pekugashirwa kweNhungamiro pamusoro pekusabatanidzwa kwehutongi. Vanodavirwa kazhinji vakagamuchira chirongwa ichi uye vakadaidzira kujeka uye chokwadi chemutemo mukushandiswa kweChisungo 102 TFEU pakusabatanidzwa.

Mukufambirana nekudaidzirwa kwehumbowo, Komisheni yakaburitsa a kutaurirana (uye Annex) achigadzirisa Gwaro rayo ra2008 pamusoro pezvinokosheswa zvine chekuita nekushungurudzwa. Kutevera kugamuchirwa kweNhungamiro, Komisheni ichabvisa iyo 2008 Nhungamiro pamusoro pezvinonyanya kukosha, sezvakagadziridzwa neKurume 2023 Communication.

The Directorate-General for Competition yakaburitsawo muna Kurume 2023 Policy Brief yakanzi "Simba uye rinoshanda mhedzisiro-yakavakirwa maitiro kune Article 102 TFEU"iyo inotsanangura zvakare kumashure kwekutanga kweNhungamiro yeChirongwa pamwe nekushandurwa kwe2008 Nhungamiro pamusoro pekusimbisa zvakakosha zvakaunzwa muKukurukurirana.

Rumwe ruzivo nezve chirongwa ichi chinogona kuwanikwa mune yakatsaurirwa webpage yeDG Competition, iyo ine chinongedzo kune dhizaini Mazano pamwe nemirayiridzo yekuti ungaendesa sei zvinoonekwa.

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