Shiri dzinogona kushandiswa se 'vamiriri vetsika' kubatsira kusimudzira nzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka uye izvi zvinogona kubatsira vanhu nemhuka dzesango muzvirongwa zvekutonga kwevhu.

Chisungo 617: Nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzematoro dzinopa magariro ecosystem masevhisi ayo anogona kufuratirwa mukuita sarudzo. 

Kusimudzira uye kukoshesa mhando dzeshiri dzemhando yepamusoro senhume dzetsika ipfungwa inopa mikana yekuroora manejimendi ekuchengetedza ivhu nekushanya, nenzira dzinokwanisa kupa rubatsiro runobatsira ecosystem kuvanhu uku ichibatsirawo mhuka dzesango. 

Nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzenzvimbo dzematoro hadzingo chengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu chete, dzinopawo mabhenefiti akakosha ezvakatipoteredza, atinodaidza kuti ecosystem services. Pakati peizvi pane mabhenefiti etsika akadai sekutandara, dzidzo, kupfumisa pamweya nekusika, uye kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwepfungwa nekugara zvakanaka. Nepo manejimendi echisikigo achiwanzoona kukosha kweaya ecosystem masevhisi, kufunga kwavo uye kubatsira mukuita sarudzo yekutarisira saiti kunofanirwa kunyatsonzwisiswa.  

Ongororo iyi yakaratidza kuti mhashu dzakava sei 'mumiriri' mhuri yeshiri yakashandiswa muurongwa hwekutonga hweKing's Lagoon coastal nature reserve, muItaly Gargano National Park, semugumisiro wevatsvakurudzi vakabatanidza kucherechedzwa kweshiri nemibvunzo yevaenzi, kuti vanyatsoona kuti kuchengetedza uye zvinangwa zvehutungamiriri zvevaenzi zvingabatanidzwa sei kutungamira manejimendi.  

Iyi 40-hectare wetland chikamu che Natura 2000 network rinochengetwa kuburikidza ne EU HUPENYU purojekiti muna 2019. Iyo mosaic yemvura yakavhurika, wetland uye munyu steppe inopa hugaro hwemhando dzeshiri dzinosvika makumi mapfumbamwe nemana, kuona shiri chiri chiitiko chakakurumbira, pamwe nenzira dzetsoka, shongwe nematehwe. 

Mhuri yehuro yakasarudzwa mushure mekunge vaongorori vaongorora kuti ndedzipi mhando dzemhando yepamusoro dzinogona kuita semumiriri wetsika kusimudzira nzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka. Vaida kusarudza rudzi rwaionekwa zviri nyore uye rwaizivikanwa nevaenzi vasiri nyanzvi, rwuripo gore rose uye runofadza veruzhinji. Panzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka, ongororo yehuwandu hweshiri uye kuparadzirwa kwayo yakaratidza mhando nhanhatu dzingangovepo, asi hapana kana imwe yadzo yakazadzisa zvese zvaidiwa. Vatsvagiri panzvimbo pacho vakasarudza mhuri yeheron - ine mhando sere dzakanyorwa munzvimbo inochengeterwa - seboka remureza. Pakati pavo, mhuka idzi dzakasangana nezvinodiwa zvemureza. Nyemba dzinoratidzawo hutano hwematoro. 

Kuti vasvike pasarudzo iyi, vaongorori vakaita ongororo yekuona marudzi eshiri nemapoka emitero, uye vakaona nzvimbo dzakasanganiswa dzemosaic sedzakanyanya kukosha kubva pamaonero ekutonga. Vatsvagiri vakabva vabvunza vashanyi mazana maviri nemakumi matatu nemapfumbamwe maonero avo nezve nzvimbo inochengeterwa, zvikonzero zvekushanya, mazinga ekugutsikana, maonero epamusoro ecosystem masevhisi anopihwa nenzvimbo inochengeterwa, uye inzvimbo dzipi dzavanonyanya kushamwaridzana neimwe neimwe. 

63% yevakapindura vakati vakashanya kuti vabatane nemasikirwo. Kugutsikana kwaive kwakakwirira munzvimbo dzakasanganiswa nenzvimbo dzakanyorova, asi dzakadzikira munzvimbo dzekurima nedzechisikigo. 45% yevakabvunzwa vakasarudza masevhisi ezvemagariro ecosystem sechinhu chakakosha. Vamhan'ari vakabatanidza masevhisi ekutanga ecosystem nenzvimbo yakasanganiswa mu52% yezviitiko uye nenzvimbo yemanyoro mu30% yezviitiko. 

Vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti nzira yekuchengetedza nzvimbo inofanirwa kutarisa kune zvidikanwi zvezvisikwa zvemhuri yeheron uye kusimudzira nzvimbo yakasanganiswa, uye vakapa mazano akawanda ehutungamiri. Vaifunga kuti pane zvakanakira kusanganisa ecology zvinhu uye tsika ecosystem masevhisi (maonero evaenzi) mukuisa pamberi nekuti kusimudzira mabhenefiti kune vashanyi kunogona kuwedzera mari nerutsigiro rwenzvimbo inochengeterwa. Vakataura kuti chiitiko chekuchengetedza ichi chinogona kupa magariro ecosystem masevhisi kukwezva vashanyi. Kuenzanisa zvibodzwa izvi saka kwakagadzira mhinduro yakanaka kana 'virtuous circle' kuwedzera mabhenefiti kune zvese zvipenyu nenharaunda.  

Nekuda kweizvozvo, matanho akarongwa ekuvandudza nzvimbo dzinogara maherons uye kuvapa zviwanikwa (kudyisa, kubereka, pekugara, roosting) kuti vawedzere kuwanda kwavo semhando yemhando yepamusoro, nechinangwa chiri chekuchengetedza nhaka yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuwedzera mabasa emagariro ecosystem munzvimbo ine mvura, nekudaro kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvakasikwa uye zvetsika zviwanikwa zvinodzivirirwa uye zvinokosheswa zvakakodzera. 

Vakakurudzira kutora nzira yakazara muhurongwa hwekutonga hunosanganisira kusarudza boka rakanyatsokodzera mhuka senhume, pamwe nemhando yenzvimbo yekugara, zvinofarirwa nevaenzi, kuvandudza kusiyanisa kwenzvimbo, kuchengetedza kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvakakosha kutsigira kusiyana kwenzvimbo. Aya nhungamiro anogona kugadzira mhinduro yakanaka umo iyo ine hutano ecosystem inopa dzakapfuma zviitiko zvetsika, uye zvakasiyana.  

Chidzidzo ichi chakatsigirwa ne NextGenerationEU purogiramu.      

Dheuteronomio:

Ingaramo, M., Cammerino, ARB, Rizzi, V., Gioiosa, M., Monteleone, M. (2024) Shiri seCultural Ambassadors: Bridging Ecosystem Services uye Biodiversity Conservation in Wetland Planning. kuenderera 16, 10286.  https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310286

Kuti utaure chinyorwa ichi / sevhisi: 

Science for Environment Policy: European Commission DG Environment News Alert Service, yakagadziridzwa neSCU, The University of the West of England, Bristol.  

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