Ongororo itsva inoyambira kuti mapombi asingabvumirwe kuraswa akazara muEurope

Musika wefodya dzemagetsi uri kukura nekukurumidza uye uri kukanganisa mitemo yeEurope, uchikurudzira vechidiki kushandisa fodya yemagetsi uye uchibhadharisa hurumende mari yakawanda yemitero, zvichienderana neongororo itsva yakaitwa neFraunhofer Institute.

Ongororo iyi inoratidza kushushikana kuri kukura kwekuti hurongwa hwemitemo yeEurope huri kuomerwa nekufambirana nekukurumbira kuri kuita zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemota dzinoraswa, izvo zvakawanda zvacho zvinoita sekunge zvinotyora mitemo yeEuropean Union iripo.

Chidzidzo ichi, chakatangwa neSKR, chikaendeswa kuBrussels, chinoratidza kuti chikamu chikuru chemusika wevape inoraswa ikozvino chiri kushanda mune izvo vaongorori vanotsanangura se "... "musika usingawanzoitiki" — zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwemutemo wakagadzwa neEU's Tobacco Products Directive (TPD).

Musika wezvisiri pamutemo, une mutengo we €6.6 bhiriyoni muna 2026, unotarisirwa kuwedzera kusvika €10.8 bhiriyoni panosvika 2030, zvichiratidza maburi madiki mukutonga kwemitero yeEU, kusimbiswa kwemitero, uye kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi. Kusiyana uku nemisiyano pakati penyika dziri nhengo kunoita kuti pave nenzvimbo dzisina kujeka uko kutengeserana zvisiri pamutemo kunogona kubudirira. China ndiyo inonyanya kuunza zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvine chekuita nezvinwiwa muEU.

Nzira dzekutumira maodha akananga online muChina

Sekureva kwemushumo uyu, kutumirwa kwezvinhu kunonyanya kuitika kuburikidza nenzira dzechitima nedzemugungwa. Nekutakura zvinhu mugungwa, makontena anosvika mamiriyoni makumi matatu akasvika pazviteshi zveRotterdam, Antwerp neHamburg. Makontena angangoita zviuru makumi matatu pasvondo akasvika muna 2024, uye Ireland neNetherlands ndidzo dzinotenga zvinhu zvevape, izvo zvinopa zvimwe zvikamu zveEU.

Zvichienderana nekuverenga kwakaitwa neEuropean Commission, mapasuru anoda kusvika mamiriyoni mazana masere akatumirwa kubva kuChina kuenda kuEuropean Union muna 2024.

Pakati paChikunguru 2025, Dare reCentral Economic Council reBelgium (Conseil central de l'économie) rakanyevera nezve "kuuya kwemapasuru asingadzoreki kubva kuChina." Sekureva kwe CCE, mapasuru anosvika mamiriyoni mana ari kuziviswa zuva rega rega paBelgium customs.

Vaongorori vanoyambira kuti kukura kwemusika uyu panguva imwe chete hakungokonzere kushushikana kwete chete nezvehutano hweveruzhinji asiwo nezvemari inowanikwa mumitero, kusimbiswa kwemitemo uye kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzematsotsi akarongeka.

Boom yevapoteri inoraswa

Midzanga yemagetsi inoraswa yave imwe yezvikamu zviri kukura nekukurumidza mumusika wenicotine muEurope.

Zvishandiso izvi zvinoshandiswa kamwe chete zvakachipa, zvine mavara akajeka uye zvinowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinonaka, uye zvakakurumbira zvikuru mumakore mashoma apfuura, kunyanya pakati pevatengi vechidiki.

Zvisinei, vaongorori vanoti kukura nekukurumidza kwemusika kwakagadzirawo mikana yekuti zvigadzirwa zvisingateereri mitemo uye zvinogona kunge zvisiri pamutemo kuti zvipinde muEurope kuburikidza nematanho akaomarara ekutengesa pasi rose.

Ongororo yeFraunhofer yakawana humbowo hwakapararira hwekuti zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zviripo pari zvino mumisika yeEurope kukundikana kutevedzera mitemo yeEU.

Pakati pemhosva dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndedzinotevera:

• kudarika muganho weEU we2ml ye e-liquid
• kuwanda kwenicotine kuri pamusoro pemuganhu wepamutemo we20mg/ml
• yambiro dzehutano dzisipo kana dzisina kukwana
• kutadza kuzivisa zviremera kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekunyoresa zvigadzirwa hweEU
Vaongorori vanoyambira kuti zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zviri kuwedzera kuonekwa munyika dzinoverengeka dziri nhengo dzeEU.

Kuwanikwa kwevechidiki kunomutsa kunetseka

Kufarirwa kuri kuramba kuchikura kwemavhairasi anoraswa pakati pevechidiki kwave chimwe chezvinhu zvinokakavadzana zvikuru pamusika.

Panguva yekuratidzwa kwechidzidzo ichi, mubatsiri weSKR AG anotarisira Rico Bak vakati tsvakiridzo iyi pakutanga yakakonzerwa nekunetsekana nezvekushandisa vape pakati pevana vechikoro.

"Ndakanzwa kubva kumwanasikana wangu kuti vadzidzi vane makore ari pakati pe12 ne15 vakanga vatotanga kushandisa vape," akadaro panguva yemusangano.

"Izvozvo zvakandipa mibvunzo yakakomba nezvekuti musika uyu wakapararira zvakadii chaizvo."

Midziyo inoraswa inowanzotengeswa mumapakeji ane mavara uye ine manakiro anotapira akadai semichero, masiwiti kana zvinwiwa zvisina doro - hunhu hunonzi nevatsoropodzi hunogona kuita kuti zvinyanye kukwezva vatengi vechidiki.

Nyanzvi dzezvehutano hwevanhu dzinonyevera kuti kusangana nenicotine nekukurumidza kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekupindwa muropa uye migumisiro yehutano kwenguva refu.

Matambudziko ekusimbisa

Pasi peEU Fodya Zvigadzirwa Directive, iyo inodzora fodya nezvigadzirwa zvenikotini muEuropean Union, e-cigarettes inoiswa pasi pemiganhu yakasimba yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza vatengi.

Izvi zvinosanganisira miganho pasimba renicotine, miganhu pahuwandu hwe e-liquid uye zvinodiwa pakuzivisa chigadzirwa uye yambiro dzehutano.

Zvisinei, kusimbiswa kwemitemo iyi kunonyanya kuenderana nevakuru venyika nemasangano emitero.

Vaongorori vanoti kuwedzera kuri kuita kutengeserana kwevape kunoita kuti kutarisisa kutevedzera mitemo yemutemo kuve kwakaoma.

Zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa kunze kweEU zvinogona kupinda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutengeserana kwepamuganhu, misika yepamhepo uye zvitoro zvidiki zvakazvimiririra.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, michina isingatevedzere mitemo inonzi inotengeswa pachena muzvitoro kunyangwe isina kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemutemo weEU.

Musika weNicotine usingabvumirwe muEurope wakakura

Kubuda kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa nefodya zvisiri pamutemo kuri kuitika pamwe chete nekuwedzera kukuru kwemisika yefodya zvisiri pamutemo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeEurope.

Nyika dzine mitero yakakwira yefodya uye mitemo yakasimba yakaona kutengeserana kuri kuwedzera kwefodya zvisiri pamutemo nefodya yenhema.

Furanzi pari zvino ndiyo ine musika mukuru wefodya dzisingabvumirwi muEurope.

Fungidziro dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti Fodya dzisingabvumidzwe dzinosvika mabhiriyoni 18.7 dzakanwiwa muFrance muna 2024, inomiririra inenge 37.6% yefodya yese inoshandiswaMukutaura kunoshanda, zvinoreva kuti fodya dzinopfuura imwe chete panhatu dzinosvuta muFrance dzinogona kunge dzisiri pamutemo.

Mitengo yepamusoro yekutengesa — kazhinji €11 kusvika €13 papakeji imwe neimwe — vakagadzira zvikonzero zvakasimba zvemakambani ekutengesa zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo uye vagadziri venhema.

Vakuru vanoti mapoka ematsotsi akarongeka ane basa guru mukutengeserana uku, achishandisa nzira dzekupinza zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo, mafekitori akavanzwa uye nzira dzekutengesa online kuparadzira zvigadzirwa zvisiri pamutemo.

Vakuru veFrance vakaputsa mafekitori manomwe efodya zvisiri pamutemo kubvira 2021, zvichiratidza kukura uye kuomarara kwemabasa aya.

Belgium iri kubuda senzvimbo yekugadzira zvinhu

Bherujiyamu yavewo nzvimbo huru yekugadzira nekugovera fodya zvisiri pamutemo.

Mapurisa emitero abviswa mafekitori gumi nemaviri efodya zvisiri pamutemo muna 2024, inotevera mamwe gumi ekuvharwa muna 2025.

Nzvimbo iri pakati peBelgium pamwe nezvivakwa zvakakura zvekufambisa zvinoita kuti ive inokwezva mapoka ematsotsi akarongeka ari mukutengeserana kwevanhu vanoyambuka miganhu yenyika.

Munguva yehurukuro dzeparamende gore rapfuura, Gurukota rezvemukati menyika reBelgium Bernard Quintin yakataura zvakawanikwa nemapurisa ehurumende zvichiratidza kuti dzimwe nguva vashandi vanotorwa mabasa kuburikidza nekushambadza paindaneti kunopa mabasa anobhadharwa zvakanaka kunze kwenyika.

Muzvimwe zviitiko, vashandi vanonzi vanotakurwa vachipfuura nemuEurope uye vanomanikidzwa kushanda mumafekitori efodya zvisiri pamutemo.

Kunyange hazvo fodya yakawanda yenhema inogadzirwa muBelgium ichiendeswa kunze kwenyika, kukwira kwemitengo yefodya kwakawedzerawo kudiwa kwenzvimbo dzekutengesa fodya dzakachipa munyika.

Paketi yefodya yeMarlboro muBelgium yava kudhura zvishoma €12, mutengo wacho wakapetwa kaviri makore gumi apfuura, nepo fodya dzisiri pamutemo dzichigona kutengeswa nehafu yemari iyoyo.

Netherlands yaona kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevapoteri zvisiri pamutemo

The Netharenzi yakasangana nekuwedzera kukuru kwezvigadzirwa zvevape zvisiri pamutemo mushure mekuunzwa kwemitemo mitsva yakaoma.

Mitemo yeDutch inosanganisira:

• a kurambidzwa kwe e-liquids dzine flavour kunze kwekunaka kwefodya
• a kurambidzwa kutengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zvevaping online
• mitemo inoderedza kutengesa kune nyanzvi dzekutengesa fodya

Vakuru vanoti matanho aya akagadzirirwa kuderedza kushandiswa kwevachiri kuyaruka mumhepo.

Zvisinei, masangano ekuchengetedza mutemo anotaura kuti mavhairasi anoraswa zvisiri pamutemo ane flavour achiri kuwanikwa zvakanyanya, inowanzotengwa kubva kuAsia.

Mapurisa ekuNetherlands atora makumi ezviuru zvemidziyo yevapoteri zvisiri pamutemo mumakore achangopfuura, nepo nyika yakaonawo kuwedzera kukuru kwefodya dzisingabvumidzwe.

Fungidziro dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti inenge 17.9% yekunwa fodya muNetherlands ikozvino haisi pamutemo, zvakapetwa kaviri kupfuura gore rapfuura.

Vatengesi vanoyambira kuti kuwanda kwezvigadzirwa zvisina mutero uye zvenhema kuri kuita kuti zviomere vatengesi vepamutemo kukwikwidzana.

Dambudziko riri kukura rekuyambuka miganhu

Mapurisa ari kuwedzera kuona fodya zvisiri pamutemo uye zvigadzirwa zvevape sezvinhu zvinokuvadza mabasa emhosva muEurope yose.

Pasi peEU Chirongwa cheEMPACT, iyo inoronga matanho ekurwisa mhosva dzakarongwa kuburikidza nemiganhu yenyika, zviremera zvakashuma mabasa makuru ekumanikidza vanhu muna 2023.

Mabasa akatungamira ku:

• Mafekitori efodya asingabvumirwe pamutemo makumi matanhatu nemasere akaparadzwa muEurope yese
• Nzvimbo dzekuchekera nekuchengetera zvinhu zana dzakawanikwa
• Fodya dzefodya dzisingabvumidzwe pamutemo dzinosvika mamiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe dzakabatwa

Vakuru vanofungidzira kuti huwandu uhu hwefodya dzisingabvumidzwe chete hunogona kukwana kupa vanosvuta vanosvika 230,000 kwegore rose.

Nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo, Belgium inowanzozivikanwa senzvimbo huru yekufambisa zvinhu inobatanidza nzira dzekutakura zvinhu kubva kuEastern Europe neAsia kuenda kumisika yevatengi muWestern Europe.

Nhaurirano yezvematongerwo enyika yakaoma

Kubuda kwezvinhu zvisiri pamutemo zvevape nefodya zvisiri pamutemo kunoratidza kuoma kwekutonga misika yenicotine muEurope.

Vatsigiri ve e-cigarettes vanoti zvigadzirwa zve vaping zvinogona kuita basa guru kuderedza kukuvara kwevanhu vakuru vanoputa fodya vari kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekushandisa panzvimbo pefodya yechinyakare.

Zvisinei, vatsoropodzi vanoti kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemishonga yekufema kwevechidiki, kunetseka nezvezvakatipoteredza kwakabatana nemidziyo inoraswa uye kukura nekukurumidza kwemisika isiri pamutemo.

Chidzidzo cheFraunhofer hachina nzvimbo muhurukuro iyi yakakura yezvematongerwo enyika asi chinoratidza musiyano uri kukura pakati pehurongwa hwemitemo nekufambira mberi mumusika.

Sezvo European Commission ichiongorora zvingangoitika pakugadzirisa EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), vagadziri vemitemo vanotarisana nedambudziko rekuenzanisa zvinangwa zvehutano hweveruzhinji nekusimbisa mashandiro emutemo uye mamiriro ezvinhu emusika.

Kune vatongi muEurope yese, mubvunzo hausisiri wekungodzora zvigadzirwa zvekuputa fodya - asi kudzivirira misika isiri pamutemo kuti isakure nekukurumidza kupfuura mitemo yakagadzirirwa kuidzora.

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