Masayendisiti anoona kudzika kwepamusoro # COVID-19 vaccine kubva kuRussia neChina

High-profile COVID-19 vaccine yakagadziridzwa muRussia neChina inogovera kukanganisa kunogona kuitika: Izvo zvakavakirwa pahutachiona hwechando hwakajairwa nevanhu vazhinji, zvichigona kudzikisira kushanda kwavo, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodaro. nyora Allison Martell naJulie Steenhuysen.

Biologics 'vaccine, yakatenderwa kushandiswa muchiuto muChina, imhando yakagadziridzwa yeadenovirus type 5, kana Ad5. Kambani iyi iri muhurukuro kuti iwane mvumo yekukurumidzira munyika dzinoverengeka isati yapedza miedzo mikuru, Wall Street Journal yakashuma svondo rapfuura. Mushonga wekudzivirira wakagadzirwa neMoscow's Gamaleya Institute, wakabvumidzwa muRussia kutanga kwemwedzi uno kunyangwe kuyedzwa kushoma, wakavakirwa paAd5 uye yechipiri isingawanzo zivikanwa adenovirus.

"Ad5 inondinetsa nekuti vanhu vazhinji havana hutachiona," akadaro Anna Durbin, muongorori wejekiseni paJohns Hopkins University. "Handina chokwadi chekuti zano ravo nderei ... pamwe hazvizove ne70% inoshanda. Inogona kunge iine 40% inoshanda, uye zviri nani pane hapana, kudzamara chimwe chinhu chauya. ”

Majekiseni anoonekwa seakakosha kupedza denda iro rakauraya vanhu vanopfuura mazana masere nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu pasi rose. Gamaleya akati maitiro avo ehutachiona maviri achagadzirisa nyaya dzeAd845,000 dziviriro. Vagadziri vese vane makore eruzivo uye vakabvumidzwa vaccine yeEbola yakavakirwa paAd5. Kana CanSino kana Gamaleya haana kupindura zvikumbiro zvekupindura.

Mukuru weRussia Vatsvakurudzi vakaedza nemishonga yeAd5-based kurwisa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kwemakumi emakore, asi hapana inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Vanoshandisa mavhairasi asingakuvadzi se "mavekita" kutakura majini kubva kuhutachiona hunotarirwa - mune iyi inoveli coronavirus - mumaseru emunhu, zvichikurudzira mhinduro yekudzivirira kurwisa hutachiona chaihwo. Asi vanhu vazhinji vatove nemasoja ekudzivirira chirwere anorwisa Ad5, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti immune system irwise vector pachinzvimbo chekupindura coronavirus, zvichiita kuti majekiseni aya asashande.

Vatsvagiri vakati wandei vakasarudza mamwe adenoviruses kana nzira dzekutumira. Oxford University neAstraZeneca yakavakirwa yavo yekudzivirira yeCOVID-19 pane chimpanzee adenovirus, kudzivirira iyo Ad5 nyaya. Johnson & Johnson's mumiriri anoshandisa Ad26, inofananidzwa isingawanzo kunetsa. Dr. Zhou Xing, vekuCanada McMaster University, vakashanda neCanSino pamushonga wavo wekutanga weAd5-based, wechirwere cherurindi, muna 2011.

Chikwata chake chiri kugadzira yekudzivirira yeAd5 COVID-19 inofemerwa, ichifungidzira kuti inogona kunzvenga nyaya dzagara dziripo dzekudzivirira dziviriro. "Mumiriri weOxford wekudzivirira ane mukana wakakura" pamusoro pejekiseni reCanSino rakabaiwa, akadaro. Xing zvakare anonetsekana kuti madhasi akakwira eAd5 vector mumushonga weCanSino anogona kukonzera fivha, zvichikonzera kusahadzika kwekudzivirira.

"Ini ndinofunga vachawana kudzivirirwa kwakanaka muvanhu vasina masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, asi vanhu vazhinji vanodaro," akadaro Dr. Hildegund Ertl, director weWistar Institute Vaccine Center muPhiladelphia. KuChina nekuUnited States, vanhu vanosvika zvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana vane masoja ekudzivirira chirwere akakura kubva pavakambosangana neAd40.

MuAfrica, inogona kunge yakakwira se80%, nyanzvi dzakati. NGOZI YEHIV Mamwe masayendisiti anotyirawo kuti jekiseni reAd5 rinogona kuwedzera mikana yekubata HIV. Muna 2004 muyedzo weMerck & Co Ad5-based vaccine yeHIV, vanhu vane hutachiona husati hwavapo vakawedzera, kwete kushomeka, kubatwa nehutachiona hunokonzera AIDS. Vatsvakurudzi, kusanganisira nyanzvi yepamusoro yezvirwere zvinotapukira muUnited States Dr. Anthony Fauci, mune bepa ra2015, vakati mhedzisiro yacho inogona kunge yakangofanana nemishonga yekudzivirira HIV.

Asi vakayambira kuti hutachiwana hweHIV hunofanirwa kuongororwa panguva uye mushure mekuedzwa kwemajekiseni ese eAd5-based mune vanhu vari panjodzi. "Ndinganetseka nekushandiswa kwejekiseni idzi munyika chero ipi zvayo kana chero vagari vanga vari panjodzi yeHIV, uye ndinoisa nyika yedu semumwe wavo," akadaro Dr. Larry Corey, mutungamiri weUS Coronavirus Vaccine Prevention. Network, anga ari muongorori anotungamira pakutongwa kweMerck. Mushonga wekudzivirira weGamaleya uchapihwa mumapiritsi maviri: Yekutanga yakavakirwa paAd26, yakafanana nemumiriri waJ&J, uye yechipiri paAd5.

VaAlexander Gintsburg, director waGamaleya, vakati nzira yemavector maviri inogadzirisa nyaya yekudzivirira. Ertl akati inogona kushanda zvakaringana muvanhu vakaoneswa imwe yeadenoviruses maviri. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakaratidza kusahadzika nezvejekiseni reRussia mushure mekunge hurumende yazivisa chinangwa chayo chekupa mapoka ane njodzi muna Gumiguru pasina data kubva kumiyedzo mikuru yakakosha. "Kuratidza kuchengeteka uye kushanda kwejekiseni kwakakosha," akadaro Dr. Dan Barouch, muongorori weHarvard wevaccine akabatsira kugadzira mushonga weJ&J's COVID-19. Kazhinji, akataura kuti miedzo mikuru “haipi muuyo unotarisirwa kana kuti unodiwa.”

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