Mushonga wakasarudzika: Simba risingamisiki rezvakanaka

By European Alliance for Personalized Medicine (EAPM) Executive Director Denis Horgan

Vazhinji vanobatana vanotenda kuti mushonga wakasarudzika ndiyo nzira yekumberi muEuropean Union ine vanhu vakwegura vanosvika 500 miriyoni.

Ava vese vangangove varwere vakapararira munhengo dzenhengo makumi maviri nesere uye iyi nzira itsva, yepasi-pasi yekurapa vanhu - zvakanyanya zvichibva pane yavo chaiyo genetic make-up - iri kukura nekukurumidza, isingagone kumisa uye inovimbisa hupenyu hurefu uye huri nani. 

Ikashandiswa nemazvo mumasisitimu ekuchengetedza hutano ichachengetedzawo mari uku ichikurudzira kudyara pachiyero chepan-European. Indasitiri yemishonga ishamwari yakakosha. Inogadzirira kugadzira mishonga inoita basa rayakasikirwa panguva imwe chete ichideredza mhedzisiro - kazhinji chiyero chinonyengera. 

Uye nepo imwe-saizi-inokodzera-yose modhi inoshanda muzviitiko zvakawanda - vazhinji vedu tinowana mhedzisiro inodiwa kubva kune-the-counter painkillers, semuenzaniso - kune mamwe mamiriro ayo asingaiti uye asingakwanisi. Pharma inofanirwa kuita pane izvi, pamwe nenyaya yekuti zvirwere zvisingawanzo kuwanikwa zviri kuwanikwa nguva nenguva uye miedzo yekiriniki yeramangwana ichafanirwa kuitwa pamapoka madiki, akapararira munzvimbo. Kana zvasvika kune font-line kurapwa uye kutsanangura zvinodhaka, phamacogenetics nhasi inogona kupa murapi rumwe ruzivo nezve mukana wekuti vanhu, vane geneti yakagovaniswa maitiro vanozove nemhinduro yekurapa kana kugadzira mhedzisiro. 

Inopa zvikomborero zvekurapa kwakanyanya uye panguva yakakodzera. Uye zvinotungamira mukushandiswa kwakanangwa kwemishonga, zvichipihwa kuti avo chete varwere vangango batsirikana ndivo vachanyorerwa mushonga kana kurapwa. 

Asi mushonga wemunhu hausi wekupa kurapwa kwakakodzera kumurwere akakodzera panguva chaiyo; ndezvekutaurirana uye kupa murwere simba. Izvi zvinobvumira murwere kuti anyatsobatanidzwa mune chero zvisarudzo pamusoro pehutano hwake, zvingave zvichiuya kumushonga wakakodzera maererano nemararamiro avo akasiyana kana kuziva pamusoro pezvinogoneka, kana kuti zvakajeka, zvinokonzerwa nemigumisiro. 

Chaizvoizvo inovhara zvakawanda kupfuura kuongorora nekurapa varwere - zvisinei mumwe nemumwe uye zvinobudirira. Murwere wemazuva ano anoda kuziviswa nenzira yakajeka, isingatarisirwi uye yakajeka pamusoro pezvaanosarudza. 

Iyo Brussels-yakavakirwa European Alliance for Personalized Medicine (EAPM) inotenda kuti imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzekuita izvi kuburikidza nekudyara mudzidzo iri nani. Izvi zvaizopa varapi maturusi akakodzera ekurapa nekuzivisa varwere vavo uye kupa nyanzvi kunzwisisa kuri nani kwezvinodiwa nevarwere vavo. 

Asi zvakare ndezvekubatana uye mashandisirwo ezvinonzi Big Data - mulebhu uye nekumwe. Mumakore gumi apfuura, kutevedzana kwemajini pamwe chete neruzivo uye tekinoroji yekufambiswa kwemashoko kwakachinja nzira iyo nyanzvi dzebiology negeneticists vanoita nayo sainzi yavo. Iyo data inogadzirwa inoda hunyanzvi hwemakomputa kuti uongororwe. Uye, nepo bioinformatics ikozvino chirango chakagadziridzwa, seti nyowani yehunyanzvi inodiwa kuti ufambe muhuwandu hwe data inogadzirwa. 

Zviri pachena kuti kubatana kwakawanda pakati peICT uye maindasitiri esainzi yehupenyu kunodiwa kugadzira mhinduro dzinogona kushandiswa nenyanzvi dzebhayoroji nemasainzi. Zvakakosha, zvakare, kuti varapi vekumberi vape mhinduro kune vanotsvaga uye vamwe vanoshanda muchikamu chemishonga uye izvi zvinofanirwa kunge zviri pamwero wakakura kupfuura zviri kuitika izvozvi. 

Munguva ino yeBig Data, ichokwadi kuti mushonga wakasarudzika unoburitsa mabhenefiti awo kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwakanyanya kwevarwere mukuita sarudzo yekurapa uye kutonga kwehutano. Zviripachena, vashandi vehutano uye avo vari mune mamwe ese mativi - kusanganisira vagadziri - havagone kutarisirwa kuchinjika kune nzira nyowani dzekusvika nevarwere uye kurarama nehunyanzvi hunyanzvi pasina kushanda pamwechete. Zvichakadaro, kune varwere, zvese ndezvekuwana. Kuwana marapirwo nemishonga, kuwaniswa kwemiedzo yekiriniki, kuwana mamwe (uye akajeka) ruzivo, kuwana kune vanoita sarudzo uye vezvemitemo kuti vawane mukana wekunzwa manzwi avo uye zvavanoda kunzwisiswa. 

Murwere wemazuva ano anoda kubatanidzwa mukuita-sarudzo, kuve wake - uye kuve nekusachengetedzwa kwekuwana - yavo data yekurapa. Uye ivo vanopfuura vanokwanisa kukwanisa kubvunza mibvunzo, kunyange kupikisa uye kubatanidzwa mukuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pemamiriro avo ezvinhu, vachifunga nezvemamiriro avo pachavo uye mararamiro. Zvichakadaro, vanachiremba vanotarisirwa kuita sarudzo zvichibva pahumbowo huripo hwepamusoro maererano nemari inodiwa uye mabhenefiti ekurapa kwakasiyana-siyana - vachifungidzira kuti ivo vanonyatsoziva nezvavo uye nekuanzwisisa. 

Asi zvinokosha kuti vafunge nezvemaonero omurwere. Munyika umo kuita sarudzo kwevarwere kuri kuwedzera kupesvedzerwa neruzivo rwunowanikwa online zvinoramba zviri nyaya yekuti chiremba ndiye anovimbwa neruzivo nemazano, uye wekupedzisira anofanira kufunga nezvemunhu anoziva zvakawanda nezvake. mararamiro kupfuura ani zvake - murwere. Kukurukurirana pakati pevose vanobatanidzwa munhandare yehutano kunobatsira kupa simba vanachiremba uye vanamukoti avo vanozove nekukwanisa kukuru kupa varwere vavo simba, kuitira kuti vabatsire kuita sarudzo dzinoshanda. 

Semuenzaniso, kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwekunzwa kwevarwere kubatsira maringe neruzivo rwenjodzi uye kuvaka kudyidzana kunobatsira kubva kwairi kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Muchikuru, mishonga yechinyakare inofanirwa kuvimba nemurwere kuudzwa zvakafanira kana ichizoshandiswa zvisina njodzi uye nemazvo. Varwere vanofanirwa kuziva matorerwo emishonga yavo, rinhi uye kakawanda sei, pamwe nekukwanisa kuziva chero maside effects. Izvi ndizvo zvazvakaita kana zvasvika kumishonga yemunhu, asi kukosha kwekunzwisisa hunhu hwayo kunopa kukosha kwakawedzerwa. 

Varwere vanofanirwa kunyatso nzwisisa mukana wekubatsira kana kukuvadzwa, nepo ruzivo runoshanda uye rwunonzwisisika nezvemishonga rwuri chinodikanwa mune chinofanira kunge chiri kudyidzana mukutora mishonga - iyo inoona murwere nenyanzvi vachisvika pakubvumirana nezvemishonga yavo. Ruzivo rwemashoko runowanzova nzira inofarirwa nevarwere asi ruzivo rwakanyorwa pasina mubvunzo chinhu chakakosha chekutsigira. Nenzira yakanaka, nzira mbiri idzi dzinofanira kupindirana uye kuita mukuwirirana. 

Kuomerera, hongu, kwagara kuri uye kunoramba kuri dambudziko. Asi idambudziko remativi maviri kwete mhosva yemurwere chete. Hongu, mazuva ano kune zvinopfekwa nemabhokisi emapiritsi 'akachenjera' ekuyeuchidza murwere mumba nezvekuomerera kuhurongwa hwemishonga yake asi kazhinji izvi hazvina kukwana - varwere vanodawo kutsigirwa kuburikidza nekuendeswa kweruzivo kunoshanda. Zvinhu zviri kukurumidza kuchinja. Mutengo weiyo yakazara genetic sequencing yakaderera munguva pfupi yapfuura uye ikozvino isingasviki 1,000 euros. Sarudzo yekushandisa genetics stratify mishonga irikuzivikanwa zuva nezuva. Katsi yabuda mubhegi uye haidzoserwe mukati. 

Naizvozvo, zvakafanira kune vese vane chekuita navo - vangave varapi, vaongorori, vadzidzi, vanodzora, varwere ivo pachavo, vanobhadhara uye, chokwadi, maindasitiri - kuti vaone kuti zvakanyanya kupindirana kwenhaurirano nekubatana kwakakosha. 

Izvi zvichaguma nekunzwisisana kuri nani kwechirango cheumwe neumwe uye kubvumira zvakanyanya kushanda, synergies zvemazuva ano kuti zvigadziriswe - kuitira kubatsira kwevarwere veEurope kwete muchizvarwa chino chete, asi kune vamwe vazhinji vachauya. Ichokwadi kuti indasitiri yemishonga ine basa rakakosha rekuita mukutsvaga kweEurope ine hutano.

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