World AIDS Day 2013 - 1 Zvita: Kurwisa HIV/AIDS neEU

Ndedzipi nhamba dzichangoburwa dzeHIV/AIDS muEU nenyika dzakavakidzana?

Maererano Kuongororwa kweHIV/AIDS muEurope 2012 ripoti¹, 2012 yakaona kuwedzera kwe8% kwehutachiona hutsva hweHIV kubva mugore rapfuura muWHO European Region. MuEastern Europe nepakati peAsia, kusimuka kwaive ne9% uye muEU neEuropean Economic Area (EEA) nyika, ingangoita 5%.

Muna 2012, nyaya dzinoda kusvika 30,000 30 dzeHIV dzakataurwa munyika makumi matatu dzeEU neEEA. Chikamu che49% cheavo vakaonekwa vaine utachiona hweHIV vakaonekwa mushure menguva yekutapukirwa kwavo. Izvi zvinotinetsa, sezvo tichiziva kuti kana munhu akakurumidza kuwana mishonga yemaAntiretroviral, anenge aine hutano huri nani uye anogona kutapurira HIV kune vamwe.

Zvakafanana nemakore achangopfuura, munyika dzeEU neEEA, chikamu chepamusoro chekuongororwa kweHIV chakataurwa muvarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) (40.4%), ichiteverwa nekutapurirana kwepabonde (33.8%) kusanganisira nyaya dzakawanikwa kubva kune varume. -Nyika dzeSahara dzeAfrica. Kune 18.7% yemakesi, nzira yekufambisa yakanga isingazivikanwe.

Kunyika dzeEU neEEA, muna 2012, chiyero chevarume nevakadzi chaive 3/2. Vechidiki vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika kumakore makumi maviri nemana ndivo vakaverengera 15% yezvese zvakabatwa neHIV zvakashumwa, asi izvi zvakasiyana-siyana kubva pa24% muSlovenia kusvika pa10.6% muRomania.

Mamiriro akaita sei maererano neHIV/AIDS munyika?

Pasi rose, nhamba yevanhu vachangobatwa neHIV yakadzikira nezvikamu makumi matatu nezvitatu kubva muzana kubva muna 33 kusvika 2001. Zvisinei, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni maviri nemazana matatu vachiri kubatwa neHIV gore negore, 2012 miriyoni vavo vari kuSub-Saharan Africa inova dunhu rinonyanya kubatwa neHIV. Chirwere ichi uye chinogara chikamu che2.3% chevanhu vose vari kurarama neutachiona hweHIV pasi rose uye chikamu che1.6% chezvirwere zvitsva zvose kuvana. AIDS ndiyo iri kukonzera ndufu munyika dziri kumaodzanyemba kweSahara muAfrica uye iri pachinhanho chechitanhatu parufu rwepasi rose.

Kubva pakatanga denda iri, vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu neshanu pasi rose vakabatwa neHIV uye vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni makumi matatu vakafa neAIDS. Nhasi, vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemashanu vari kurarama neHIV/AIDS.

Parizvino vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni gumi pasi rose, zvikuru vari munyika dzine mari yepasi nepakati, vanowana mishonga inoponesa upenyu hweHIV. Izvi zvinenge 10% kupfuura gore rapfuura. Chinangwa chekuona kurapwa kwevanhu vanosvika miriyoni gumi neshanu - chinangwa chakatarwa muchibvumirano chezvematongerwo enyika che20 UN pamusoro peHIV, zvinokwanisika.

Komisheni yeEuropean inobatanidzwa sei mukurwisa HIV/AIDS?

Mitemo yakawanda nemari inobatsira mukurwisa HIV/AID, semuenzaniso:

-Budiriro yebudiriro uye mari

Kukurudzira kodzero dzevanhu uye kusimbaradza magariro evanhu, ndiwo misimboti inosimbisa mutemo webudiriro weEU. Izvi ndizvo zvinodikanwa panzira dzakabudirira dzekudzivirira nekurapa HIV/AIDS, kunyanya muvanhu vakakosha.

EU inotsigira nyika dzichiri kusimukira mukuedza kwadzo kusimudzira hutano hwevagari vadzo - kunyanya vakadzi nevana - uye kutarisana nezvirwere zvikuru, seHIV/AIDS. Kuti zvizadzise zvinangwa izvi, mutemo wekusimudzira weEU unosimbisa zvirongwa zvehutano munyika dzichiri kusimukira kuti zvipe mukana wakaenzana wemabasa ehutano akazara uye kuisa mari munzvimbo dziri kunze kwehurongwa hwehutano hune chekuita nemhedzisiro yehutano (semuenzaniso chikafu, hutsanana, mvura yakachena). EU inoshandisa avhareji ye500 miriyoni EUR yemari yayo yebudiriro pahutano gore rega rega.

European Commission zvakare inhengo yakavamba yeGlobal Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM), iyo yakabatsira kuwana mhedzisiro inokatyamadza mukumisa kupararira kwedenda nhatu idzi. Nekuda kwerutsigiro rweGlobal Fund, vanhu vanosvika 5.3 miriyoni vari kurarama neutachiona hweHIV pari zvino vari kuwana mishonga inoponesa hupenyu hweHIV. EU pamwe chete ndiyo inonyanya kubatsira kuGlobal Fund, ichipa zvinopfuura hafu yezviwanikwa zvese kusvika pari zvino. European Commission yega yakapa mari inodarika bhiriyoni imwe nechidimbu yeEUR kuGlobal Fund.

Vhiki rinouya (2-3 Zvita), vanopa mari kuGlobal Fund vachaungana muWashington, DC kuti vazivise mhiko dzavo dzenguva ya2014-2016, kusanganisira iya inobva kuEuropean Commission. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mipiro ichawedzera zvakanyanya.

- Hutano mutemo, masangano uye mari

Komisheni ye2009 yeCommission Communication "pakurwisa HIV/AIDS muEU nenyika dzakavakidzana" neAction Plan yayo yakaronga kuita kweEU kugadzirisa dambudziko reHIV nekutarisa kudzivirira kunoshanda, mapoka akakosha uye nzvimbo dzinokosha, kunyanya Eastern Europe. Zviitwa zviri kuitwa mukubatana nenyika dziri nhengo, masangano akazvimirira, masangano eUN uye masangano eEU.

HIV/AIDS Funga Tank (zviremera zvenyika kubva kunhengo dzeEU, nyika dzakavakidzana nemasangano epasi rose) neHIV/AIDS Civil Society Forum (NGOs uye network kubva kuEurope yese), inounza pamwe zviremera zvenyika, dzidzo, masangano epasi rose neCivil Society. kuita hurongwa hwekuita hweHIV hweEU. Komisheni pari zvino iri kuumba, pamwe nenyika dzenhengo nemasangano akazvimirira, chirongwa cheAction Plan chekurwisa HIV/AIDS.

Zviito zvakatevedzana uye mapurojekiti anotsigirwa nemari kuburikidza neChirongwa cheHealth chinosimudzira kushandira pamwe pakati penhengo dzenhengo nekusimudzira kuchinjana kwemaitiro akanaka, semuenzaniso a. Joint action kuitira kuvandudza kunaka kwekudzivirira HIV.

Iyo Hutano Hutsva Chirongwa 2014-2020 ine bhajeti yakatsanangurwa ye446 miriyoni inofanirwa kutambirwa kutanga kwegore rinouya. Sezvakaita chirongwa chakapfuura, kugadzirisa HIV/AIDS, TB uye hepatitis, ichave yakakosha, tichitarisa kukwira-kutora maitiro akanaka ekudzivirira kusingadhuri, kuongororwa, kurapwa uye kutarisirwa.

Masangano akasarudzika, semuenzaniso European Center for Diseases Prevention and Control (ECDC) neEuropean Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) inotsigira nhengo dzenhengo mukutarisa kwakanaka uye nzira dzekudzivirira nekugadzirira zviri nani.

Mishumo miviri yakabudiswa muna 2013 kutungamira mitemo yekudzivirira yeramangwana muEurope. The EMIS - Internet Survey pamusoro peVarume vekuEurope-Vane-Vane-Bonde-Ne-Men rakabudiswa muna Chivabvu 2013, uye ripoti pa2003 Kanzuru Kurudziro pakudzivirira uye kudzikisira kwehutano hune chekuita nekukuvadzwa nemishonga, yakabudiswa muna Gumiguru 2013.

-Kutsvagisa uye innovation mutemo uye mari

Kubva 1987, EU yanga ichitsigira tsvakiridzo pamusoro peHIV/AIDS kuburikidza neMultiannual Framework Program for Research and Technological Development (FP). Pasi peSeventh FP (FP7 2007-2013), EU yakaisa mari inosvika 160 miriyoni pamapurojekiti makumi maviri nemasere etsvakiridzo yepasi rose yeHIV yekuvandudza, kuyedza kana kugonesa marapirwo, maturusi ekudzivirira uye kuongororwa kutsva. Kuburikidza nechirongwa ichi, EU inoronga uye inobatanidza tsvakiridzo yeEurope uye inogadzira hukama hwepedyo pakati pemasayendisiti eEurope nezvikwata zvekutsvagisa kunze kweEU.

Imwe purojekiti inotsigirwa neEU - iyo EuroCoord Network of Excellence, yakaunza pamwe chete mapoka eHIV nekudyidzana uye hunyanzvi hwakabatana kubva kumasangano anopfuura zana muEurope. Netiweki iyi yakagadzira dhatabhesi yakakura kwazvo ine data kubva kuvanhu vanopfuura 100 vane HIV. Zviitiko zveEuroCoord zvinogonesa utariri hwevarwere veHIV & mhedzisiro uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwevarwere munguva refu. Zvakabuda zveEuroCoord zvinozivisawo nhungamiro yenyika uye dzepasirese dzekurapa nekudzivirira HIV, gwara remiyedzo yekiriniki pamwe nezvinokosheswa nevakuru vemitemo uye vanofarira vanofarira.

The Nyika dzeEurope uye Dziri Kusimukira Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP), yakavambwa muna 2003 nenyika gumi nenhanhatu dzemuEurope, EU pamwe nenyika dzeSub-Saharan Africa kurwisa zvirwere zvitatu zvine chekuita nehurombo, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis nemalaria. Nzira yaro ndeyekutsigira kuvakwa kwemasimba uye miedzo yekiriniki. Kudyidzana uku kwafambisa kukurumidza kwekuvandudzwa kwekiriniki yezvigadzirwa zvitsva kana zvisina kuratidzwa kurwisa zvirwere izvi, uye kusvika pari zvino yapa € 16m kutsvagurudzo yeHIV ichibvumidza kutangwa kwemiedzo yekiriniki makumi matatu pakurapa kwakavandudzwa uye vatsva vekudzivirira.

Imwe budiriro inocherechedzwa i“Kesho Bora Study of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) panguva yeNhumbu nekuyamwisa” iyo yakakonzera kudzikira kweutachiona hweHIV muvacheche nechikamu chinodarika makumi mashanu kubva muzana. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvakakonzera hurongwa hwekudzivirira kutapurira utachiona hweHIV kubva kuna amai huchienda kumwana hwakaburitswa neWorld Health Organisation mugore ra43.

IEU parizvino iri kupedzisa chirongwa chetsvakiridzo chinotevera, Horizon 2020 (2014-2020) uko tsvakiridzo yeHIV icharamba ichitsigirwa. Chirongwa chebasa cha2014-2015 chinodaidza kuti pave nepuratifomu huru yekuEurope patsvakiridzo yejekiseni reHIV. MuH2020, EDCTP ichapinda muchikamu chechipiri nemupiro wakarongwa weEU unosvika ku683 miriyoni.

- Trade policy

EU inotsigira kushandiswa kuri nyore kwemitemo yeTRIPS (Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, 1991, WTO), kubvumira nyika dzine mari yakaderera kutenga mishonga inoponesa upenyu (inogadzirwa pasi pemarezinesi anosungirwa) kubva kunyika dzechitatu. EU yagara ichitungamira kuedza kwekuwedzera kuwaniswa kwemishonga yakakosha munyika dzichiri kusimukira uye kuenzanisa pakati pekodzero dzepfuma dzinodiwa kusimudzira tsvakiridzo yemishonga mitsva uye yakagadziridzwa uye kukosha kwekuona kuti mishonga iripo kune nyika dzine urombo dzakatarisana nehutano hweveruzhinji. matambudziko.

Chii chiri kuitwa neEU kurwisa chiseko chine chekuita neHIV?

Vanhu vanorarama neutachiona hweHIV vanowanzosangana nekuserwa nekusarurwa. Izvi hazvingoshande kumagadzirirwo ehutano, asiwo kunzvimbo yebasa uye mamwe mamiriro ehupenyu hwemazuva ese sekuwanikwa kweinishuwarenzi, kana masevhisi ekubhengi. Kuitwa chiseko nerusarura kunokonzerwa neHIV imhinganidzo huru mukurwisa HIV-AIDS, sezvo ichikwanisa kuita kuti vanhu vasaongororwe nekutsvaga kurapwa. Komisheni yakazvipira kutora matanho ekukunda rusarura rune chokuita neHIV uye kusvika zvinobudirira kumapoka makuru evanhu - kudzivirira kutapurirwa kweHIV, uye kukurudzira rubatsiro rwakakwana kubva kune hutano nemagariro evanhu.

Komisheni iri kutsigira Vhiki yekuEurope yekuongororwa HIV gore rino (22-29 Mbudzi). Chirongwa ichi chine donzvo rekuderedza kushorwa kune chekuita neutachiona hweHIV, kuenzanisa kuongororwa uye kuwedzera ruzivo.

Muna 2013 Komisheni yakaronga zviitiko zviviri zvinogadzirisa rusarura uye rusarura muhutano: musangano wakabatanidzwa neUNAIDS pamusoro peHIV neHuman Rights - "Kodzero yehutano, kodzero yehupenyu" muna May, muBrussels, uye musangano kuEuropean Health Forum Gastein, yakaitwa neEU Health Commissioner Tonio Borg, ine musoro unoti 'Improving Access and Combating Discrimination in Healthcare with focusing on the hurukuro.

EU zano paHIV/AIDS - chii chinotevera?

Komisheni Kukurukurirana pamusoro pekurwisa HIV / AIDS muEU uye nyika dzakavakidzana 2009-2013, uye inofambidzana neAction Plan, inotarisa pamatanho ekudzivirira kunobudirira, kugadzirisa vanhu vanokosha uye nzvimbo dzinokosha, kunyanya Eastern Europe.

Ongororo yakazvimirira yeKukurukurirana iri kuitika. Mhedzisiro yacho ichavepo muChirimo cha2014, uye ichazivisa nhaurirano pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwesarudzo dzeramangwana reEU remitemo yekurwisa HIV/AIDS. Zvichienderanawo, Komisheni parizvino iri kushanda pamwe chete neHIV/AIDS Civil Society Forum, Think Tank on HIV/AIDS pamwe nemasangano epasi rose akaita seUNAIDS neWHO kuvandudza chirongwa cheAction Plan chiripo. Iyo Yakagadziridzwa Chirongwa Chekuita ichave iripo mukupera kwegore rino uye ichaona kuenderera kwekuita kwemitemo yeEU kudzamara hwaro hutsva hwagadzirwa.

Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tinya pano, pano uye pano.

Joint report yeEuropean Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) uye World Health Organization Regional Office yeEurope (WHO Euro), yakabudiswa musi wa27/11/2013.

DSW: World Aids Day 2013: Kupera kweAIDS kwave kusvika

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