Nhoroondo ichatonga sei Mutungamiriri wekutanga we #Kazakhstan?

Musi wa19 Kurume, 2019 Nursultan Nazarbayev (mufananidzo), zvakashamisa vakawanda, akasiya basa uye akazivisa kuti Mutauriri weSeneti, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, aizoshanda semutungamiri wenguva pfupi. Tokayev kubvira atora chigaro chemutsivi weNazarbayev uye, sevamwe vatungamiriri venyika, parizvino ari kuyedza kuwirirana nehurongwa hwenyika hutsva hunotyisa, hwakakonzerwa nedenda rehutano.

Asi kurwa kwazvino kurwisa coronavirus hakufanirwe kudzivirira kunyatsofungisisa nezvekubatsira kwaNazarbayev, kusanganisira basa raakaita iye pachake mukuyedza kuunza runyararo kwete kurudzi rwake rwakapfuma neoiri uye dunhu asi pasi rose.

Pakupera kwenguva yakareba ari pachigaro, Nazarbayev akapa hurukuro yaakataura nezve njodzi yekupunzika kwezvibvumirano zvekudzivirira zvombo zvenyukireya uye makwikwi ezvombo zvakazoitika, achiti tsika iyi yaishungurudza uye "haizounzi chero chinhu chakanaka kune chero munhu" .

Nazarbayev akati nhaurirano yaidiwa pakati peUSA, Russia, China neEU, vachivadaidza kuti "avo vanotariswa nehupenyu hwevanhu".

Izvi zvingangove zveramangwana asi nhoroondo ichatonga sei Mutungamiriri wekutanga weKazakhstan?

Uyu mubvunzo wakakodzera nguva sezvo aimbove Mutungamiriri akatendeuka makumi masere nezuro (Chikunguru 80th)

Sekureva kweanoremekedzwa zvikuru, uye akazvimirira, nyanzvi yeBrussels padunhu, mutongo paari uchave wakanaka.

Fraser Cameron aimbove mukuru mukuru muEuropean Commission zvino ava director weEU/Asia Center.

Akaudza webhusaiti ino kuti: "Mutungamiri Nazarbayev anga ari mumiriri ane hunyanzvi, achifamba nenyika yake pakati peChina neRussia uye nekutanga hukama hwepedyo neEU neUS."

MuScot akaenderera mberi achiti: "Iri raive basa chairo."

Kumwe kutaura pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu ekutonga kwaNazarbayev, Richard Milsom, Mutungamiriri weBato reEuropean Conservatives and Reformists Group muParamende yeEuropean, akaudza EUReporter kuti: "Kazakhstan kubva pakawana rusununguko pasina mubvunzo yakaumbwa naNazarbayev - uyo akaita zvakawanda kudzikamisa nyika mune imwe nzvimbo ine mhirizhonga.

"Kazakhstan yakamisa nyukireya murunyararo uye yave shasha yepasi rose yekusaparadzira."

Milsom akawedzera kuti: "Akabatsira kuti nyika irambe yakaenzana pakati pemasimba uye ichiita semugadziri akazvimirira werunyararo. Mushure memakore makumi matatu ekuzvitonga Kazakhstan yasvika kure uye nenzira dzakawanda kupfuura vavakidzani vayo."

Akaroorwa naSara uye nevanasikana vatatu, Nazarbayev akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 6, 1940 mumusha weChemolgan mudunhu reAlmaty.

Mushure mekukurumidza kukwira nepakati, akava Mutungamiriri weRepublic of Kazakhstan muna Kubvumbi 1990.

Musi wa 1 Zvita 1991, sarudzo dzekutanga dzemutungamiri wenyika dzakaitwa apo Nazarbayev yakatsigirwa ne98.7% yevavhoti. Akaenderera mberi achiwana rutsigiro rwakakura rwakafanana neruzhinji musarudzo dzakati wandei dzakatevera mumakore apfuura.

Italian EPP MEP Fulvio Martusciello, sachigaro weboka reEuropean Parliament reEU-Kazakhstan, anoti kutenda muchikamu chidiki kuhutungamiriri hwaNazarbayev, European Union ikozvino yaona Kazakhstan se "mutungamiri asingapokane mudunhu uye imwe yenyika dzinotungamira muCentral. Asia mukuvaka demokrasi, kusimudzira veruzhinji, uye hupfumi hwemusika ”.

Nguva yake yenguva refu, anodaro, yakatarisa shanduko muKazakhstan, kusanganisira kuvandudza mamiriro ebhizinesi, hutongi hwemutemo, kodzero dzakakosha, hutongi uye kurwisa huori.

Mharidzo yakanaka yakafanana inobva kuBrussels-based European Institute for Asia Studies, EIAS, iyo, mugwaro remitemo, inonongedza kukurumidza kufambira mberi kwakaitwa mukuenzana kwevakadzi kwakaitwa neKazakhstan kubva pakusununguka kwayo muna 1991 apo Nazarbayev akatanga kutora.

Kufambira mberi kwakanyanya kwakaitwa, chokwadi, zvekuti nyika yave munzira yekuzadzisa chinangwa chayo chekujoinha boka rakasarudzika renyika makumi matatu dzakasimukira pasi rose panosvika 30.

Bepa reEIAS rinoti Kazakhstan yakashanda nesimba kudzoreredza "zvisina kunaka" shanduko yehupfumi uye inocherekedza kuti mukuwana dzidzo, Kazakhstan yasimuka kubva pachinzvimbo chemakumi mashanu nenhatu kusvika makumi matatu pasirese, imwe nhaka yemutungamiri weNazarbayev yainoti.

Kubva Nazarbayev akava mutungamiri wenyika, hupenyu hweKazakhstan hwakavandudzikawo zvakanyanya nekukwira kwemari uye kuderera kwekushaikwa kwemabasa, inodaro EIAS.

"Kazakhstan inopayona mukuedza kuenzana kwevakadzi mudunhu uye yakaita zvisungo zvakasiyana-siyana pasi rose."

Kunobva kuAtlantic Council, muAmerican Atlanticist think tank mundima yepasi rose, anoti aimbove Mutungamiriri akabatsira "kutungamira" Kazakhstan kupfuura "zvizhinji zvingangoitika" uye anopa mutero kumupiro wake murunyararo rwepasirese.

"Hakusati kwambova nekukakavadzana kwemarudzi pakati pehuwandu hwevanhu veRussia muKazakhstan. Kazakhstan yakamisa nyukireya murunyararo uye yave shasha yepasi rose yekusapararira, ichidzivirira kudhonzwa muAfghanistan kana chero dzimwe hondo. "

Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa, akadaro, kuNazarbayev "kuisa Kazakhstan's semuiti werunyararo."

Inoyeuka kuti Kazakhstan "kubudirira kwezvematongerwo enyika" kwakakurudzira kusarudzwa kwayo semukuru weSangano reSecurity and Cooperation muEurope (OSCE) muna 2010 uye kuve nhengo kwayo kuUN Security Council kubva 2017 kusvika 2018.

"Nazarbayev," inoenderera mberi, "yakapedza kushanya kwakabudirira kuUnited States muna 2018 uye hutongi hwaTrump, kusiyana nehwakatangira, hwakaratidza kufarira zvakanyanya kuCentral Asia iyo inosimbisa hukama hweUS neKazakhstan."

Sezvineiwo, imari yekune dzimwe nyika ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kubudirira kwaNazarbayev, sezvo Kazakhstan yakawana mari inodarika mabhiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu kubva pakawana kuzvitonga kuzere, paine zvakawanda munzira sezvo Beijing ichiwedzera iyo Belt uye Road Initiative (BRI). Iyi dividendi yekudyara yakafambiswa nemaune shanduko yemagariro nehupfumi uye, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa, Nazarbayev yakatarisana nekusimudza zviyero zvedzidzo senzira yekukwezva mari.

Mitemo iyi inokwezva tarenda nekudyara kwekunze uye, zvanzi, inobatsirawo kudzikamisa mweya wetarisiro yeramangwana munharaunda. World Bank inoti Kazakhstan yakatochinja kubva kune yakaderera-yepakati-muhoro kuenda kune yepamusoro-yepakati-muhoro mukati memakumi maviri emakore. Iko kusanganiswa kwezviwanikwa zvakawanda, rugare rwemumba, kukwira kwehupenyu hwehupfumi, dzidzo, uye sainzi-tekinoroji zviyero, zvinozokwezva kutsvagisa mari.

Kumwe kutaura kunobva kune anotungamira Kazak mudzidzi, Muzvinafundo Makhmud Kassymbekov, anobvuma matanho akabudirira akatorwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuvandudzwa kwenyika uye "shanduko" iyo, anoti, "yakafemerwa naNursultan Nazarbayev".

Kassymbekov anoti, “Akasangana nevamutsiridzi vane mukurumbira pasi rose vakaita sevaimbova makurukota eSingapore – Lee Kuan Yew, Great Britain – Margaret Thatcher, Malaysia – Mahathir Mohamad, pamwe nenyanzvi dzine mukurumbira munyaya dzeupfumi hwenyika dzekuMadokero. Aida kuziva kuti kuchinja kwavaiita sei, matambudziko api nematambudziko avaifanira kutarisana nawo uye kuti vakakurirwa sei.”

Achiongorora nguva yake yakareba ari pachigaro, anoenderera mberi achiti, "Nazarbayev akasarudza kuita budiriro yehupfumi chikuva chake, achitenda nenzira kwayo kuti nzanga ine mararamiro epamusoro ndiyo inokwanisa kutora tsika dzegutsaruzhinji. Mukati memakore okutanga akaoma ekutonga kweKazakhstan, iyi yakaratidza kuva nzira yakarurama. Iyi yakava fomula yeNazarbayev: hupfumi kutanga, zvematongerwo enyika kechipiri.

Mutungamiri Wekutanga akaenderera mberi, anoti, kuita shanduko dzakasimba pamusika, dzimwe nguva dzisingafarirwe uye dzakaoma, "asi nenzira iyoyo chete zvaikwanisika kuve nechokwadi chekukura kwehupfumi uye kugadzira kirasi yakagadzikana yepakati."

Kufanana neEIAS iyewo anotenda kuti Nazarbayev akatsigira kuenzana kwekodzero dzevanhu vose veKazakh, pasinei nemarudzi uye zvitendero zvekubatana "seimwe yemitemo inokosha yemitemo yenyika."

Iye akati, "Nazarbayev mumwe wevatungamiriri vashoma vepasi vanozivikanwa nemafungiro ake epasi rose. Kazakhstan ine runyararo uye yakagadzikana ine nzanga yakabatana uye vanhu vakabatana, vakavhurika uye vanoshuvira kufambira mberi zvakanyanya, zvese mhedzisiro yebasa reMutungamiri Wekutanga, ane hukuru uye kudzika kwehunhu huchanyanya kufarirwa nekufamba kwenguva sezvo nhaka yake inosimba. .”

Andris Ameriks inyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika yekuLatvia uye economist anga achishanda seMEP kubvira 2019.

Mutevedzeri weSocialist akadaro EU Mutori wenhau: “Ukama huri pakati peKazakhstan neEU hwagara kwemakumi emakore.

Kubva payakawana rusununguko, nyika yakaita budiriro huru uye munhu wese anoshanyira Kazakhstan iye zvino anogona kuona kuti nyika yachinja sei uye ichiri kuchinja. kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda.

"Ndinofara zvikuru kuti mutungamiri wenyika achangobva kusarudzwa akaisa pamberi sezvipo zvake zvezvematongerwo enyika demokrasi uye kuvandudzwa kwemararamiro, kuenderera mberi kwezvidzidzo zvakatarwa neMutungamiri Nazarbayev.

"Pasina kupokana, Mutungamiri Nazarbayev akafambira mberi zvikuru muKazakhstan mumatunhu ese ehurumende, kwete mukati chete asiwo pasi rose. Nekutungamira kwakatorwa neMutungamiri Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan yakava muenzaniso kune dzimwe nyika mudunhu uye nyika inozivikanwa pasi rese ine mikana inoyevedza yekudyara uye maforamu ehupfumi. Kunze kwekusimudzira magariro nehupfumi, Mutungamiri Nazarbayev akafambira mberi zvikuru mubazi rezvekuchengetedza, akaita kuti guta guru rive nzvimbo yemisangano yekuchengetedza uye kuita nhaurirano pamusoro peSyria, "akadaro.

"Rimwe rematanho akanyanya kukosha pasirese ndeye runyararo denuclearization yeKazakhstan, inoratidza nzira chaiyo yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika," akadaro Ameriks, aimbova mutevedzeri wameya weRiga.

Vanopedzisa "Nhaka isingaenzaniswi yeMutungamiriri Nazarbayev inopa zvikonzero zvekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira Kazakhstan pamwe nekubudirira kwevanhu vayo uye kuchengetedzeka munharaunda."

Goverana ichi chinyorwa: