Bata yekutevera mapurogiramu: Referendamu paBig Tech?

Kune ese matauriro emaspikes mukubika chingwa chebhanana uye kugadzirwa kwechikoro chekare, zvakapihwa kuti vazhinji vedu takanyanya kutsamira pane nakare kose tekinoroji panguva yeCOVID-19 denda. Kubva pakuramba tichikurukurirana nevatinoshanda navo uye vadikani, kuenda kuchikoro chekumba uye varaidzo, isu tatendeukira kune tekinoroji mukutenda kana dzimwe nguva kusuwa kushoma, nyora Elle Todd, shamwari, uye Roch Glowacki, shamwari, yaReed Smith.

Kana zvasvika pakusangana nekutsvaga maapplication zvakadaro, hukama hwedu hwerudo-ruvengo nehukuru tech hunouya mukutarisa kwakanyanya uye zvinoita kunge kuyedza miganhu. Tichaigamuchira here sekupa nzira yekubuda nayo dambudziko kune yedu 'yakajairika', kana fungidziro, kunyanya pamusoro pekuvanzika, ichanyanya kusimba?

Manzwiro atinoita pamusoro pemhinduro yomubvunzo uyu angabva pakuti tinogara kupi kana kuti maitirwo ari kuitwa. Tiri kuona zvimwe zvinonakidza zvakasiyana mune zvese zviri zviviri. Musiyano mumwe uri kubuda uri pakati pezvivakwa zvakatemerwa uye zvepakati zvekutevera maapplication. Iyo yepakati nzira inosanganisira yepakati sevha umo chenjedzo kubva kune vashandisi dzinogamuchirwa, dzinobatwa uye dzinotumirwa kunze. Mienzaniso inosanganisira yeUK's NHSX app (iyo ichiri kuongororwa) uye yeAustralia app. Kusiyana neizvi, nemaitiro akasarudzika (kusanganisira ayo akavakirwa paGoogle neApple yekutsvaga API tekinoroji) chenjedzo dzinopfuudzwa zvakananga pakati pezvishandiso zvemushandisi zvisina yepakati depository. Iyo nzira yekusarudzika parizvino inofarirwa nenyika dzakawanda dzinosanganisira Germany, Switzerland, Canada, neIreland, pakati pedzimwe.

Pakati pegakava pane nyaya dzekuvanzika uye kuvimbana, paine kushushikana kuri kutaurwa nezve mukana wekuti kunyange zviziviso zvisingazivikanwi zvinyenyeredzwe, data iri kushandiswa kune zvimwe zvinangwa uye nezvenjodzi dzekurwiswa kungangoitika. Izvi zvinonetsa zvine simba neiyo yepakati modhi, hongu, uko chinangwa chinopa mibairo yakawanda. Data Dziviriro Vakuru (kusanganisira UK's Information Commissioner) neEuropean Data Protection Board vakatsinhira nechido chemhando yakadzivirirwa vachiona kuti ese ari maviri anogona (nekusimbisa kuti 'anogona') kutevedzera mitemo yekudzivirira data.

Nekudaro, vamwe vakabvunza kana mitemo yekudzivirira data yeEuropean yakanyatsokodzera chinangwa mune iyi kesi? MuAustralia, mumwe mutemo wakatopasiswa kuti ugadzirise iyo Yakavanzika Act 1988, kusanganisira zvisungo zvekuona kuti vashandirwi havagone kuita kuti kudhawunirodha app kuve mamiriro ekudzokera kubasa, pamwe nekuvhara kuwanikwa kwemvumo. Pakave nekufona kune dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira UK, kuti dziviriro yemutemo iitwe.

MuUK neEuropean Union, mimwe mitemo haifanirwe kuve yakakosha pakutsvaga mapurogiramu. Iyo General Data Dziviriro Regulation (iyo Regulation) iyo yakapemberera zuva rekuzvarwa kwayo rechipiri pa25 Chivabvu, ine zvakakura zvakakura zvinodiwa zvinokanganisa zviremera zvehurumende nemakambani akazvimirira. Iyo Regulation ine misimboti yepakati pakudzikisira data, kudzikisira chinangwa, yakakosha chikamu data (senge data rehutano) mashandisiro, uye chengetedzo, kutaura zvishoma. Nhungamiro yanga ichibudawo pamusoro pekuti izvi zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kushanda sei mumamiriro ekutsvaga maapplication, asi kunetseka kuchiripo.

Chinhu chikuru chekukakavadzana ndechekuvimba zvakanyanya pamisimboti iri muRegulation, kunyanya yakasanganiswa nevatongi vanogara vachiti vachatora "nzira yengozi". Izvi zvinosiya kamuri yakawandisa yakawandisa uye kusanzwisisika kuti ugone kugonesa munhu wese. Rimwe dambudziko nderekuti zvakawanda zvezvisungo zvakakosha zveMitemo zvakatenderedza data revashandi uye kushandiswa kwedata nevakuru vehutano hweveruzhinji mukuda kweveruzhinji kana nezvehutano hwekukurumidzira zvakasiiwa kuti zvisimbiswe nemutemo wenzvimbo, zvichireva kuti ndezvemuzvarirwo kuona mimwe misiyano mukuita. Nyika dzenhengo dzakasiyana.

Pachiyero, zvisinei, zviri pachena kuti kune mitemo iripo inogona kushandiswa mune yekuonana yekutevera maapplication, uye iyo inofanirwa kupa chengetedzo yakakwana nekudzora. Naizvozvo, zvinoita sezvisingaite kuti tichaona zvakanyanya kurongeka kune maapplication muEurope kunyangwe makore mashoma apfuura takaona nharembozha dzetekinoroji, kusanganisira biometrics, kuzivikanwa kwechiso uye hungwaru hwekugadzira. Nhengo dzeMatunhu nevatongi zvino zvinonzwisisika vave kuzeza kumhanyirira mumitemo mitsva inomutsa mibvunzo mikuru uye yakaoma pamusoro pekujeka uye rusununguko, uye inoda gakava rakangwarira uye kutariswa kunze kwekunge zvichidikanwa.

Mumwe anogona kubvunza, pamberi perusununguko runogona kuwanikwa rwunopihwa tekinoroji yeapp, kana kusavimba neveruzhinji kuri kushoma nehunyanzvi hukuru parizvino uye zvakanyanya nehurumende.

Chokwadi chinonakidza, saka, ndechekuti kuburitswa kweaya maapplication pachawo kuchasvika kune kuyedza mudemokrasi yakananga. Hurumende dzinonzi dzinoda 60% yevagari kuti vatore maapps avo kuti aya ashande nemazvo, nhamba inotyisa kana zvasvika pakubuda. Musarudzo dzeEurope, kuvhota kwakadaro kwakapedzisira kuwanikwa muna 1979. Kana tichienzanisa, musarudzo dzekupedzisira dzeU. Kuwana mhedzisiro yakafanana mune ino mamiriro kunogona kuve kurongeka kwakapihwa kuti havasi vese vane smartphone yekuti maapplication ashande. Ko mhedzisiro yesarudzo iyi yeruzhinji ichanyatsoratidzei, kana paine, nezvehukama hwedu hutsva nehunyanzvi uye kuvimba nazvo?

Tese tinogona kunzwa kuti tiri kurarama kuburikidza nekuedza kusinganzwisisike nemhedzisiro isina chokwadi panguva ino. Nekudaro, pasina mubvunzo, tiri kuona makambani makuru etekinoroji achikwira kumusoro nesarudzo, matekinoroji, mhinduro, uye mienzaniso yekuvanzika nekusarudzika uye dhizaini mukuita. Denda iri rakaunzawo nguva yekufungisisa kune vakawanda. Sezvo isu tichiongororazve hunhu hwedu, zvimwe zvezvinhu izvo zvakakosha pakutonga kwedata, senge kurongeka, pachena, kuzvidavirira, zvinoramba zvakapararira sekare. Nekudaro, munyika yepashure-denda, pamwe iyo tech-backlash yemakore achangopfuura haizorira zvakanyanya.

Goverana ichi chinyorwa: