Gungwa rakadzika rinoramba riri mudambudziko guru rinoti #ICES

Masayendisiti anoratidza kuti hove dzegungwa dzakadzika muEU dzinenge dzapera kana kushaya ruzivo rwekuongorora chimiro chadzo. MaNGOs anokurudzira vanoita sarudzo muEurope kuti vateme miganhu yekuredza yehove dzemugungwa dziri munjodzi zvakanyanya maererano nezano resainzi uye nzira yekuzvidzivirira.

Zano resainzi rakaburitswa neInternational Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) [1] rinosimbisa kuti hove zhinji dzemugungwa dzakadzika dzinoramba dziri mumamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa uye dzisina ruzivo rwakakwana kuti dzinyatsodziongorora. Mukupindura izvi, boka remasangano asiri ehurumende (NGOs) rinokurudzira vanoita sarudzo muEurope kuti vateme miganhu yekuredza kune vanhu ava vasingadariki zano resainzi, vatore nzira yekungwarira uye vaderedze kukanganisa kwekubata hove munzvimbo idzi. Kusagadzikana kwepamusoro kwezvipenyu zvegungwa rakadzika uye nzvimbo dzekugara kunoita kuti iyi nhanho yakarebesa kuenderera mberi nekukasira.

Mhando dzehove dzemugungwa rakadzika dzinowanzokura zvishoma nezvishoma, dzinononoka kukura uye dzinogara kwenguva refu [2], izvo zvinoita kuti dzive panjodzi yekunyanya kushandiswa. Mamwe emhando dzegungwa dzinoshandiswa nekutengeserana dzinorarama kusvika kumakore makumi mashanu, uye mamwe anongosvika pakukura kwekubereka mushure memakore mazhinji. Nekuda kwekupa ruzivo uye kuperevedza kwakakomba mukutarisira kwavo, masheya mazhinji egungwa muEurope akapera zvakanyanya kana mumamiriro ezvinhu asingazivikanwe, izvo zvinoisawo kugona kwenharaunda dzinoredza dzinotsamira padziri panjodzi.

Naizvozvo, masangano asiri ehurumende ezvemamiriro ekunze Birdwatch Ireland, Dutch Elasmobranch Society, Ecologistas en Acción, Fundació ENT, Oceana, Hove Dzedu, Sciaena uye Makungwa ari Panjodzi - anodaidzira kuEuropean vanoita sarudzo kuti varemekedze zvinodiwa neCommon Fisheries Policy (CFP) pakuisa miganhu yekuredza kwemvura yakadzika yegungwa muna 2021 na2022. Izvi zvinoreva kuti European Commission inofanira kufungidzira uye EU Council yemakurukota ehove inofanira kuisa miganhu yekuredza iyi isingadariki mazinga anorayirwa neICES.

"Zvitoro zvegungwa zvakadzika zvakanyanya uye zvakapera kuti zvirambe zvichireveswa," akadaro Sciaena Executive Coordinator Gonçalo Carvalho. “Makurukota eEU anofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zveCommon Fisheries Policy zvezvitoro izvi, nekuisa miganhu yekuredza inoenderana nemazano esainzi akanakisa uye nekutevera nzira yekuzvidzivirira. Izvi zvakakosha kuchengetedza hutano hwakadzika hwemugungwa uye zvipenyu uye kuona raramo yevabati vehove inotsamira pane izvi. ”

“EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 inocherechedza kuti kubata hove dzomusango ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana mugungwa, izvo zvinoderedza kusimba kwegungwa pakupisa kwepasi. EU inofanirwa kutora matanho ese anodiwa kuchengetedza yakasarudzika yakadzika yegungwa ecosystem, kutanga nekupedza kuredza kwehove dzegungwa dzakadzika gore rino uyezve nekurambidza zvese zvinokuvadza zviitwa zvekuchera mugungwa rakadzika pamberi pe2030, sekukurudzirwa neanopfuura 100 NGOs muBlue. Manifesto mepu yemugwagwa, "Seas At Risk Fisheries Policy Officer Andrea Ripol akadaro. "Chero chipi zvacho chishoma chinokanganisa zvinangwa zveEuropean Green Deal kuchengetedza zvipenyu uye kuderedza dambudziko remamiriro ekunze," akawedzera.

 "Kusvika pari zvino, Europe yakasarudza kufuratira kusadzika kwegungwa rakadzika nekutora mikana yekubata hove kwete kungopesana nezvisungo zvinosungirwa zvakabvumiranwa muCommon Fisheries Policy, asiwo kusaremekedza kukanganisa kwemabasa ekuredza mugungwa pamhando dzisiri dzakanangwa nenzvimbo dzakabatana. ,” akatsanangura kudaro Javier López, mutungamiriri wenhimbe yehove yeOceana muEurope. "Chero sarudzo pamusoro pemiganhu yekuredza kwehove dzemugungwa rakadzika inofanirwawo kufunga nezvekukanganisa kungava kune ecosystem, zvikasadaro basa rekuredza iri harigone kuverengerwa serinoenderera mberi."

Muna 2018, European Commission neKanzuru vakatadza kutevedzera rairo yesainzi yeICES kune ruzhinji rwemahombekombe egungwa pakadzika miganho yekubata hove ya2019 na2020 [3] [4], nekudaro vachitadza kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neCFP zvekupedza kubata hove. hove dzese dzeEU panosvika 2020 kuitira kuti dzivakezve huwandu hwadzo [5]. Blackspot sea bream muAzores nderimwe remashoma akadzika emugungwa anoratidza kuti kutevera zano resainzi uye kuunza mamwe manejimendi ekuwedzera kunogona kubatsira huwandu hwehove uye ecosystem, nekuwanda kuri kuwedzera kusvika padanho repamusoro mumakore achangopfuura, izvo zvinoguma kuwedzera kweICES kubata zano re2021 zvichienzaniswa nemakore apfuura. Iyi nyaya yebudiriro inofanirwa kuve yekurudziro yevashandi vehove kuti vatevedzere zano resainzi pavanenge vachiisa miganho yekuredza mugungwa yakadzika ye2021 na2022.

Blackspot sea bream muAzores Grounds

Iyi stock's biomass yanga iri pasi akati wandei ekutonga matanho mumakore achangopfuura. [2] uye zano reICES ra2019 na2020 rakateverwa pakuseta mikana yekuredza kwemakore iwayo. ICES inopa zano muganhu wekuredza we610 tonnes for 2021, iyo yepamusoro-soro kubva 2012 [6].

Hove dema scabbard kuNortheast Atlantic uye Arctic Ocean

Black scabbardfish muNortheast Atlantic yakaratidza kudzikiswa kushoma kuwanda mumakore maviri apfuura. Kubata hove parudzi urwu kwave kuderera zvichida kunoenderana nekurambidzwa kwekukweva munzvimbo dzakadzika [7]. ICES inopa zano muganhu wekuredza we4506 tonnes pagore rega rega ra2021 na2022 [8], inomiririra kudzikira kana ichienzaniswa nemakore maviri apfuura.

 Roundnose grenadier

ICES yakapa zano reroundnose grenadier ye2020 kusvika 2023 nguva [9] [10]. Muna 2018 EU makurukota ehove akafunga kubvumidza kuenderera mberi kwekuredza kwemhando iyi, kunyangwe ichinzi "iri mungozi" neInternational Union for Conservation of Nature, uye maNGOs anokurudzira kuti pasave nemikana yekuredza inopihwa kune mhuka dziri mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Deep sea shark

Kunyangwe pasina kwakanangwa kubata hove kune yakadzika sea shark ivo vanowanzo batwa mune dzimwe hove dzakadzika dzegungwa. Kukura kwavo kunononoka uye hupenyu hurefu hunovaita kuti vave panjodzi huru uye akati wandei emhando dzakabatwa neEU zvikepe zvinoiswa munjodzi kana kutsakatika zvakanyanya. Zvakangodaro, Kanzuru haina kuisa muganhu pakubatwa kwakabvumidzwa kana kudzika matanho aizoita kuti shark dzibatwe.

Fishing Limits kubviswa

Muna 2018, zvichitevera kurudziro yakaitwa neEuropean Commission, makurukota akabvisa miganho yekubata hove yeblack scabbardfish, roundnose grenadier uye forkbeard yakakura, kunyangwe ICES ichiraira kuti dzingangove dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutonga dzimwe nzira sekuvharwa kwenzvimbo uye / kana kudzika kurambidzwa. kubata hove kunofanira kunge kuri panzvimbo uye kuongororwa kusati kwabviswa miganho yekubata hove [11]. MaNGO anoyambira kuti masheya aya haasati abatwa, uye anokurudzira European Commission kuti iongorore kana masheya aya ari kushandiswa zvakanyanya. 

Data uye Transparency

NGOs dzakaramba dzichikurudzira European Commission neNhengo dzeNyika kuti dzivandudze kuunganidzwa uye kugadziridzwa kwedata pamvura yakadzika yegungwa uye kudzivirira kuti chete nezano rakasimba resainzi rinofanira kubvumidzwa kubata hove dzegungwa. Imwe gadziriso inodiwa nemasangano eEuropean iri maererano nekujeka, semuenzaniso nekutsikisa nzira inoshandiswa kuverenga maTACs pahwaro hwezano resainzi uye, kunyanya, kujekesa kuti kusawirirana pakati penzvimbo dzemazano nenzvimbo dzekutonga kunogadziriswa sei, uye kuita zvese zvikumbiro. uye magwaro ane hukama nekukurumidza kuwanikwa kune veruzhinji [12].

[1] ICES Zano remvura yakadzika yegungwa, Chikumi 2020.

[2] ICES, BOKA RINOSHANDA PANE BIOLOGY UYE KUOngororwa KWEDEEP-SEA FISHERIES RESOURCES (WGDEEP), Vhoriyamu 1, Chinyorwa 21, 2019 peji 1: "Mvura yakadzika-yakadzika ine yakaderera kubereka kwebiology kupfuura sherufu yemakondinendi uye masheya emahombekombe."

[3] Council Regulation (EU) 2018/2025 ye17 Zvita 2018 ichigadzirisa 2019 uye 2020 mikana yekubata hove yeUnited hove ngarava dzemamwe matura ehove dzegungwa..

[4] Ongororo yeFisheries Council chibvumirano pamikana yekuredza yakadzika-gungwa ye2019 & 2020, The Pew Charitable Trusts, 19 Zvita 2018.

[5] Common Fisheries Policy. Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 yeParamende yeEuropean uye Council on the Common Fisheries Policy.

[6] Blackspot sea bream (Pagellus bogaraveo) muSubarea 10 (Azores grounds)

[7] ICES, BOKA RINOSHANDA PANE BIOLOGY UYE KUOngororwa KWEDEEP-SEA FISHERIES RESOURCES (WGDEEP), Vhoriyamu 2, Nyaya 38, 2020

[8] Black scabbardfish (Aphanopus carbo) munzvimbo dzepasi 1, 2, 4–8, 10, uye 14, uye zvikamu 3.a, 9.a, uye 12.b (Northeast Atlantic neArctic Ocean)

[9] Roundnose grenadier (Coryphaenoides rupestris) munzvimbo dzepasi 1, 2, 4, 8, uye 9, Chikamu 14.a, uye muzvikamu 14.b.2 uye 5.a.2 (Northeast Atlantic neArctic Ocean)

[10] Roundnose grenadier (Coryphaenoides rupestris) muzvikamu 10.b uye 12.c, uye muzvikamu 12.a.1, 14.b.1, uye 5.a.1 (Oceanic Northeast Atlantic nekuchamhembe kweReykjanes Ridge)

[11] Chikumbiro cheEU chekuti ICES ipe mazano pamusoro pekudzokororwa kwemupiro weTACs kuhutungamiri hwehove uye kuchengetedza masheya emvura yakadzika yakasarudzwa, Gunyana 2018.

[12] Kurudziro dzeNGO dzekuredza kwakadzika-gungwa miganhu 2019-2020, Gunyana 2018

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