Haisi chete iyo #Coronavirus kuisa pini mune #Croatia's euro tariro

Maererano neIMF, hupfumi hweCroatia huri seti kuti iomerwe nedenda re coronavirus kupfuura chero imwe nyika kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kweEurope. Nepo nyika zhinji dzeBalkan dzichifungidzirwa kuti dzichaona GDP yadzo ichidonha ne3-5% muna 2020, Zagreb iri kutarisa pasi dhiramu rekurwadza kwe9%. Kurova kunorwadza uku kuri muchikamu nekuda kwehukuru hweZagreb reliance pakushanya: chero chinhu chakafanana nemwaka wechirimo wakajairika zvisingaiti gore rino kune Croatia's tourism sector, iyo inopa imwe 20% yeGDP yenyika. 

Dambudziko remari rinouya panguva yakashata zvakanyanya kunhengo itsva yeEU. Mushure memakore ekumirira, Croatia yaironga kujoinha iyo exchange rate mechanism (ERM-II) zhizha rino. Kupedza makore maviri pasi pechirongwa cheERM-II nemari yakagadzikana uye bhanga rine hutano chikamu chakakosha chetariro yeZagreb yekutora euro panosvika 2024 munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Nepo Croatian central bank iri kuomerera kuti ichiri kugadzirira kupinda mukamuri yekumirira euro zhizha rino kunyangwe kuderera kwehupfumi kwakakonzerwa nedenda, zvakaoma kuona kuti Croatia ingazadzisa sei maitiro ekutora mari imwe chete uku. kupora kubva padambudziko rezvemari rakaipisisa pasi rose kubva paKuderera Kukuru Kweupfumi. Dambudziko richave rekuunza chikwereti cheveruzhinji pasi pe60% yeGDP. Zagreb yakanga yafambira mberi pamberi peiyo coronavirus isati yatanga, asi chikwereti chingangokwira sezvo hurumende iri kuyedza kumisa kubuda ropa pamusika wemabasa.

Zvakare, kukuvadzwa kwemari kwakabatana nehutachiona kungangokwevera kutarisisa kune akati wandei, kubva pakudzokera shure kweZagreb pamibvunzo yehuwori kusvika kune yakashata-yakasvibiswa shanduko yekushandurwa kwezvikwereti, izvo zvakasiya hupfumi hweCroatia husina kugadzikana.

Hurumende yeCroatia yakawedzera kuita kwayo kufambidzana yekudyara kunze kwenyika mumwedzi ichangopfuura sezvo ichiedza kuwana mari dzayo pamberi pekutorwa kweeuro, asi yapararira graft uye mhosva dzemari. rambai kuita kuti makambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa atize. Croatia inorasikirwa nepamusoro pegumi muzana yeGDP yayo pagore nehuwori nehutsotsi - iyo lacuna iyo ichaita kuti zviomere Zagreb kutarisana nekuderera-kunokonzerwa nedenda.

Kuita kuti zvinhu zvitonyanya kuipa, kureruka kwekuita bhizinesi munyika kune chaiko akundwa kubvira Croatia yakapinda muEU muna 2013. Ndira uno, Zagreb nyura kusvika padanho rayo rakaipisisa mumakore mashanu pagwaro rehuwori reTransparency International, paine kutyirwa kuti kusatariswa neEuropean Union kubva pakatanga Croatia kupinda mubloc kwapedza budiriro.

Mibvunzo pamusoro pekuzvimirira kwevatongi uye kuda kweZagreb kutora mutsara wakaoma pagraft yakawanda, pasina chiratidzo chekufambira mberi. Sokutaura kwakaita mukuru werimwe NGO inotsigira utongi hwemutemo, “hapana dzvinyiriro inobva kunze yokukurudzira kuchinja, Komisheni [yeEuropean], somuenzaniso, yakabvisa mishumo yokurwisana nouori yayaimbova nayo.”

Haisi chete kudzokera shure kweCroatia pahuwori, zvisinei, izvo zvakanganisa vatengesi vekunze. Kuvimbo kwavo munharaunda yekudyara kweCroatia kwakazununguswa zvakanyanya nesarudzo ine gakava: Kushandurwa kweZagreb kwezvikwereti zvakaiswa muSwitzerland francs (CHF) kune zvikwereti zvine maeuro, izvo zvakasiya mabhanga kuti atore tebhu.

Mumakore ekuma2000, zvikwereti zveCHF zvaive zvakakurumbira muCroatia nedzimwe nyika dzekuEastern Europe nekuda kwemari yavo yakaderera uye kugadzikana kwemari yeSwitzerland. Muna Ndira 2015, zvakadaro, bhangi repakati reSwitzerland rakadonhedza mbambo yaive yakavharira Swiss franc muyero yakagadziriswa yekutsinhana ne euro kwemakore - kutumira iyo Swiss franc ichikwira uye zvichiita kuti zvinyanye kunetsa kune vanokwereta vekuCroatia kubhadhara zvikwereti zvavo zvine CHF.

Kuita kweCroatia pakukurumidza kuwedzera kweSwiss franc kwakavhundutsa vatengesi vekunze nevagadziri vemitemo vekuEurope zvakafanana. Vasati vavhoterwa kuti vabude muhofisi muna Mbudzi 2015, veCroatia veSocial Democrats vakasundidzira nemutemo kushandura nechisimba zvikwereti zvese muCHF kuita zvikwereti mumaeuro. Kunyanya, shanduko dzakaitwa retroactively, pachishandiswa CHF/EUR exchange rate inoshanda pazuva iro chikwereti chakatanga kupedzwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, nzira iyi yekushandura yaireva kuti vatengi vakanga "vakanyanya kubhadhara" muzvikamu zvavo zvepamwedzi-kurasikirwa kwe € 1.1 bhiriyoni iyo Croatia yakamanikidza mabhanga ayo kumedza.

Dambudziko rechiyero mhedzisiro yacho yakange yave kubuda pachena. Nhengo dzehurumende itsva yeCroatia Wapikisa kuti maSocial Democrats aibuda akanga "asina kunyatsofunga kuburikidza nekutendeuka uye akazviita nenzira inodiwa nevanhu". European Commission yakakumbira Zagreb kuti ifunge zvakare mutemo, ichipokana kuti yakarova zvakanyanya kuvimba nevaisiri mari uye yakaisa mutoro wakawandisa kumabhanga emunyika - anopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ayo ndeemakambani evabereki kubva kumwe kuEuropean Union.

Zvichakadaro, European Central Bank. opine kuti kunyange zvazvo mutemo weEU uchibvumira nyika kudzora zvikwereti zvemari yekunze, hadzina kubatanidzwa mukuita izvi neretroactive effect — zvichimutsa mubvunzo wekuti mutemo wekuchinja chikwereti cheCroatia waienderana here nemutemo weEurope.

Anenge makore mashanu mushure mekunge mutemo wekutendeuka kwechikwereti wapasiswa, zvichiri kukurudzira hondo dzemutemo uye kudzikisira chivimbo chemuridzi. Ini ndinofanana nekupaza kwemutemo kweZagreb pazvikwereti zveCHF, mhosva yakatangwa nesangano revatengi reCroatia yave zvishoma nezvishoma. akaita nzira yayo mumatare enyika. Sezvo zvinhu zvakamira izvozvi, matare eCroatia ane Wapikisa magwaro emari ayo aireva zvikwereti muCHF pakutanga zvisina maturo, zvichireva kuti mutengi wega wega anogona kutsvaga muripo kubva kumabhanga-kusanganisira zvikwereti zvakatobhadharwa.

Kunyangwe mari dzeCroatia dzisati dzambomira pakati pedenda riripo, mabhanga nevanoongorora zvemari vaive. nyevero kuti saga rezvikwereti zveCHF rakanganisa mabhanga emunyika. Kana Dare Repamusorosoro reCroatia rikatonga kuti mabhanga anofanira kuripa vanokwereta pamusoro uye kupfuura mari yekutanga yezvikwereti zvavo, vanogona kutakura mutengo mutsva unosvika 2.5 bhiriyoni. Kurova kwakadaro kunogona, pamwe nekukuvara kwedenda kuri kuramba kuchikura, kushanda sechibhakera chimwe-mbiri kune tarisiro yeZagreb yekujoinha ERM-II zhizha rino.

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