#Russia - Rocky hukama neEuropean Court of Human Rights

Nguva pfupi yadarika yakashumwa nesangano renhau reRussia RIA kuti Russia inogona kubuda muEuropean Convention on Human Rights uyewo kumisa kudyidzana kwenyika yacho neEuropean Court of Human Rights., anonyora James Wilson.

Chikonzero chakapihwa nemasangano ehurumende asina kudomwa mazita kuRIA yekubvisirwa uku, ndechekuti mitongo yedare ichangoburwa yaenda zvinopesana nezvido zveRussia. Sangano renhau rakashuma kuti masosi ehurumende anotenda kuti dare harifungi nezvezvinoda kuitwa nemutemo weRussia uye kunyange kuti dare racho rine zvematongerwo enyika. Chirevo chakaitwa neRIA chakaratidza kuti hurumende yeRussia iri kutarisira kuti maitiro aya kubva kudare acha "ruramiswa".

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anosanganisira dambudziko rebhajeti iro Kanzuru yeEurope yakatarisana nayo sezvo Russia yakaita danho rekumisa kubhadhara kwayo kumutumbi muna 2017 pamusoro pekumiririrwa kweRussia muStrasbourg. Hurumende yeRussia yati haisi kuzodzosera mari kusvika vamiririrwa zvakare mudare iri. Nhengo dzeRussia dzakabva muna 2014 mushure mekurasikirwa neropafadzo dzekuvhota muna 2014 mushure mekutorwa neRussia kuCrimea. Pane hukama hwakananga pakati pekukakavadzana uku uye kupindira kwenyika muEuropean Court of Human Rights. Council of Europe inoona nezveEuropean Court of Human Rights

Mumakore achangopfuura, Russia yakadzika mitemo inobvumira nyika yacho kuti irambe mitongo yakapiwa neEuropean Court of Human Rights. Muna 2015 mutemo wokuRussia wakadzikwa waitaura kuti bumbiro remitemo yenyika riri pamberi pane chero mutongo weECHR. Asi pasinei nekusawirirana kuri kuitika, Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights ragara richipa dare repamusoro kune vaya vari kuRussia vanotenda kuti havana kururamisira muRussia kana kuti kodzero dzavo dzakatyorwa. Muna 2017 dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakapa mitongo 305 munyaya dzemuRussia (pamusoro pezvikumbiro 1,156 293), XNUMX dzacho dzakaona kutyorwa kumwe chete kweEuropean Convention on Human Rights.

Mhosva yainyanya kukwidziridzwa kuEuropean Court of Human Rights yaiva yaIgor Sutyagin muna 2011. Mumwe wevanhu vana vokuRussia vakasunungurwa mujeri muna 2010 muEast-West "spy swap", akakunda nyaya yaipokana nehurumende yeRussia. Dare rakati hurumende yeRussia ibhadhare zviuru makumi maviri zvemaeuro VaSutyagin, nyanzvi munyaya dzezvombo uye nyanzvi munyaya dzezvombo zvenyukireya vakabatwa nemhosva yehusori muna 20,000 vakatongerwa makore gumi nemashanu mujeri. VaSutyagin vakaburitswa muna Chikunguru 2004 sechikamu chekuchinjana kwemusungwa neUnited States uko gumi vanonzi vasori vekuRussia vakadzoserwa kuMoscow. Anoti aisakwanisa kuwana ruzivo rwakasiyana, kunyangwe akasaina kubvuma mhosva sechikamu chekuchinjana kwevasungwa. Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakapa mutongo wekuti kodzero yaVaSutyagin yekutongwa nekukurumidza yakanga yatyorwa nekuti vakavharirwa muchitokisi kwemakore anoda kusvika 15 2010/10 pasina zvikonzero zvakakodzera. Vakaonawo kuti kodzero yake yekutongwa zvisina rusaruro yakanga yatyorwa nokuti nyaya yake yaipfuudzwa kubva kune mumwe mutongi ichiendeswa kune mumwe pasina tsananguro. Dare rakatonga kuti kutadza kupa tsananguro "zvine zvikonzero" kupokana kwaSutyagin kuti dare reRussia rakanga risina kuzvimiririra uye risingasaruri.

Mumwe mutongo unokosha weEuropean Court of Human Rights waiva wemusayendisiti Valentin Danilov, aimbova mutungamiriri weThermo-Physics Center yeKrasnoyarsk Technical University. Muna 2004 VaDanilov vakabatwa nemhosva pamusana pemhosva yenhema ye 'state treason' (Chinyorwa 275 cheCriminal Code yeRussian Federation) yekupfuudza zvinhu zvine zvakavanzika zvehurumende kuChina. Chikumbiro chacho chinopomera kutyorwa kwekodzero yemunhu anenge akumbira kutongwa zvisina tsarukano, sezviri muChikamu 6 cheEuropean Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Pakutongwa kwaVaDanilov dare redzimhosva, iro nemutemo raifanirwa kunge rakasarudzwa pachishandiswa sarudzo isina kurongeka, raive nevanhu vakati wandei 'vane ruzivo rwezvakavanzika zvehurumende'. Panguva iyoyo, gweta Anna Stavitskaya akaratidza kusava nechokwadi kwake kuti yaingova nyaya yakaitika. Muchiitiko ichi, mutongo wacho wakanyanya kukosha, kana wakamirirwa kwenguva refu. VaDanilov vakamirira makore gumi uye vakapedza yakawanda yenguva iyoyo vari mujeri. Akasungwa muna Kukadzi 2001, akatongerwa makore gumi nemana mujeri, uye akaburitswa parole musi wa14 Mbudzi 24, asina kuwana kururamisira mumatare eRussia.

Muna 2017 Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakapa € 15,000 mubhadharo kusanganisira mari uye mari kune aimbova mukuru wezvekuchengetedzwa kweYukos Alexey Pichugin akatongerwa kuRussia kugara mujeri kweupenyu hwose. VaPichugin vakanyunyuta kudare nezvekutyora kwekufungidzira kusava nemhosva uye kuongororwa kwehumbowo nematare eRussia. VaPichugin vakati kutongwa kutsva muRussia kuchave "nzira yakakodzera kwazvo yekugadzirisa" mune yake. Akataurawo € 100 "pazuva rega rega rekuvharirwa kwake zvichitevera kubatwa kwake nemhosva musi waNyamavhuvhu 6, 2007 kusvika aburitswa achimirira kutongwa kutsva maererano nekukuvadzwa kwemari uye € 13,000 maererano nekukuvadzwa kusiri kwemari." Mutongo wa2017 sechikumbiro chechipiri Mr Pichugin vakaisa kuEuropean Court of Human Rights. Muna October 2012, zvimwe chetezvo zvakati Russia yakanga yatyora kodzero dzake dzokutonga zvakanaka (Chikamu 6 cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights) uye yakamupa €9,500. Pichugin akave nemhosva mbiri dzakavhurirwa kwaari, dzine chekuita nemhosva dzekuronga mhondi uye kuyedza kuuraya, iyo yaakagamuchira makore makumi maviri uye mutongo wehupenyu zvakateerana.

Zvisinei, pavewo nemigumisiro isingatarisirwi uye isingatarisirwi kubva pakubatanidzwa kweEuropean Court of Human Rights. Dare, musi wa 14 Mbudzi 2002, rakabvunza zviri pamutemo kusungwa kwaMurad Garabayev uye kudzoserwa kubva kuRussia kuenda kuTurkmenistan, pamwe nekubvunza kana chiremera chenyika chine hunyanzvi chaifunga mhosva yaVaGarabayev yekuti vanogona kurapwa zvinopesana neChikamu 3 chemutemo. gungano rakadzokera kuTurkmenistan. Uku kupindira kweEuropean Court of Human Rights kwakaisa Russia mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kuti vagadzirise kutyorwa kwakaitwa VaGarabayev uye kuvadzorera kuRussia, zviremera zveRussia musi wa24 Ndira 2003 zvakavhura nyaya yavo pachavo kuna VaGarabayev nevamwe, kusanganisira mubhengi uye muzvinabhizimusi Dmitry Leus, kuti chikumbiro chitumirwe kuTurkmenistan. kuendesa VaGarabayev kuRussia. VaLeus vakabva vapomerwa mhosva, zvisinei nezvakange zvaitwa nevakuru veRussia zvekuti pakanga pasina mhosva yavakapara kana kutadza kwavakaita kana nebhangi ravo. Ichi chiitiko hachisi chikonzero chekuti Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights risatore nyaya dzeRussia, asi zvinoratidza kuti dzimwe nguva Russia yakaita hunyanzvi uye nekukurumidza kupindura kumanikidzwa kubva kuEuropean Court of Human Rights, pasirese kubva kune izvo dare raizoda.

Muna 2004 dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakapa mutongo wakatsigira muridzi wenhau akanga adzingwa, Vladimir Gusinsky, uyo akamhan’ara kudare achiti hurumende yeRussia yakanga yamusunga kuti asaine umambo hwake hweMedia-MOST. Vatongi vanomwe vedare reEuropean Court of Human Rights vakabvumirana kuti hurumende yeRussia inofanira kubhadhara VaGusinsky 88,000 Euro bhiri remutemo nekutyora kodzero yavo yerusununguko nechengetedzo yakanyorwa muEuropean Convention on Human Rights. Vatongi vakataura muchisarudzo chavo kuti: "Chakanga chisiri chinangwa chemitemo yehurumende yakadai semhosva uye kuvharirwa pakudzorerwa kunoshandiswa sechikamu chemaitiro ekutengeserana,". Izvi zvaireva chibvumirano che2000 nehurumende umo VaGusinsky vakatengesa bhizinesi ravo renhau kuGazprom mukutsinhana nemhosva dzekubiridzira dzakaraswa. VaGusinsky vakambovharirwa muhusungwa muna Chikumi 2000 mushure mekunge zviremera zvikati vakawana chikwereti chemadhora miriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu kubva kuGazprom nehutsotsi. Mumutongo waro, dare rakanyora kuti gurukota rezvekuburitswa kwemashoko panguva iyoyo rakapa kuti vabvise mhosva kana VaGusinsky vakatengesa Media-MOST kuGazprom inodzorwa nehurumende. VaGusinsky vakabvuma kutengesa kambani uye vakatizira kuSpain mushure mekusunungurwa kubva mujeri. Akabva ati chibvumirano chakanga chaitwa nekumanikidzwa. VaGusinsky vakamhan’ara kuEuropean Court of Human Rights muna Ndira 262.

Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakatonga muna 2013 kuti nyaya dzekutongwa kwaMikhail Khodorkovsky, munhu anozivikanwa uye aimbova mupfumi muRussia muna 2004-2005, dzakanga dzisina kururama. VaKhodorkovsky vakakandwa mujeri kwemakore masere vachipomerwa mhosva yekubiridzira pamwe nekusabhadhara mutero munyaya inoonekwa nevakawanda seine chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika. VaKhodorkovsky vakawanikwa vaine mhosva muRussia muna 2010 padzimwe mhosva dzekupambadza uye kubira mari, vachiwedzera nguva yavo yekugara mujeri kusvika 2017. Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakaona kuti mukutongwa kwavo kwekutanga, zviremera zveRussia zvakashungurudza magweta aVaKhodorkovsky zvisiri izvo uye vakasiya dzimwe nyanzvi. zvapupu nemishumo yekuongorora. Yakati kutumira aimbove mukuru weYukos nemumiriri wake, Plato Lebedev, kumisasa yevasungwa zviuru zvemakiromita kubva kuMoscow kumabvazuva kweRussia nekure kuchamhembe kwakatyora kodzero yavo yekuremekedza hupenyu hwepachivande uye hwemhuri. Dare rakashorawo nzira "yekupokana" iyo Mr Khodorkovsky akarairwa kuti adzorere Rbs17bn (€ 510m) yemutero wemutero wakakweretwa naYukos kuhurumende. Karinna Moskalenko, gweta raVaKhodorkovsky, akati zvawanikwa nedare "zvakakosha zvikuru". "Kusaruramisira mukutonga kwanga kwakanyanya zvekuti gadziriso inodiwa pasi pemutemo weRussia ndeyekubvisa mhosva uye kusunungura varume vaviri ava pakupedzisira, uye pasina kunonoka," akawedzera.

Kutaura zvazviri, Dare Rekodzero Dzevanhu rokuEurope rave richibatsira zvikuru vanhu vokuRussia vakasangana nokusaruramisira kana kuti vakatyorwa kodzero dzavo munyika dzavo. Isu tose tinofanira kunetseka kuti sezvo kusawirirana kunoenderera mberi pakati peRussia neEurope, kupinda kweRussia kudare kunogona kuva mumwe wevakatanga kufa. Pane nhoroondo refu yenyaya, ese mazita epamusoro uye vanhu vashoma vanozivikanwa kubva kuRussia, vangadai vasina kumbowana chero nzira yekururamisira pasina mukana weEuropean Court of Human Rights.

Munyori, James Wilson, ndiye akatanga Mutungamiriri weInternational Foundation for Better Governance.

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