#PostedWorkers: Chokwadi pane shanduko

Nyaya yevashandi vakatumirwa yagara ichinetsa sezvo zvichigona kunetsa kuwana chiyero pakati pekuchengetedza vashandi uye kuwedzera makwikwi pakati pemakambani.

Parizvino EU iri kushanda pakuvandudza mitemo yekugadzwa kwevashandi. Chinangwa ndechekuona kuchengetedzwa kuri nani kwevashandi vakatumirwa uye nzvimbo yekutamba pakati pemakambani emuno neawo ari kutumira vashandi.

Musi wa25 Kubvumbi 2018, komiti yeParamende inoona nezvemabasa yakavhotera mitemo mitsva yekumisikidzwa kwevashandi kuitira kuti vanhu vawane mihoro yakaenzana pakuita basa rimwe chete munzvimbo imwe chete.

Chii chakatumirwa vashandi

Makambani anogona kupa masevhisi kune dzimwe nyika dzeEU pasina kuzvimisa ipapo nekutumira vashandi kuti vaite mabasa anodiwa. Kutumira uku kunozivikanwa sekutumira.

Vashandi vakatumirwa vachiri pamutemo munyika yeEU iyo kambani yavo yakavakirwa uye havasi pasi pemitemo yemusika wevashandi yenyika mavari kushanda kwenguva pfupi. Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti vanoramba vachivharwa nesocial kuchengetedzwa kwenyika yavo kwavakabva.

Zvinotumirwa zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa kuzadza kushomeka kwehunyanzvi, kunyanya kana vashandi vane ruzivo rwakanyanya vachidikanwa. Icho chinowanzoitwa mu mamwe zvikamu zvehupfumi. Indasitiri ine chikamu che69.1% (kusanganisira kuvaka ne45%), mabasa e29.4% uye kurima nekuredza kwe1.5%.

Nekudaro, vashandi vakatumirwa vanongogara mune imwe nyika yeEU kwenguva pfupi, saka ivo vakasiyana nevashandi vanoenda kunze kwenyika kunoshanda ikoko kwenguva refu kana zvachose. Kusiyana nevashandi vakatumirwa, ivo vari pasi pekodzero dzakafanana nezvisungo sevamwe vanhu vanoshanda munyika iyoyo uye zvakare vakafukidzwa nehupfumi hwayo.

Kuda kugadziriswa

Mitemo yazvino yeEU inotonga vashandi vakatumirwa yakatanga muna 1996 uye yakaisa zvimiro zvishoma kwavari, zvakaita semihoro yepasi, nguva dzekushanda dzakanyanya, zororo repagore rinobhadharwa shoma uye mashandisirwo avanofanira kubhadharwa.

Kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura hupfumi hweEU uye musika wevashandi zvakasimukira zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti kudzokororwa kwemutemo kuve kunodiwa. Makambani anogona kusarudza kutora mukana wekusiyana kwemitengo yevashandi pakati penyika dzeEU, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumakwikwi asina kunaka.

Sezvo vashandirwi vasingasungirwe kubhadhara vashandi vakatumirwa mari inodarika muhoro wepasi wakatarwa nenyika inotambira, kazhinji vanotambira mari shoma pane yevashandi vemunzvimbo yebasa rimwe chete. Sekureva kweKomisheni, vashandi vakatumirwa vanogona kuwana kusvika 50% zvishoma mune zvimwe zviitiko.

Kukanganisa kuri mumutemo uripo kwakakonzerawo kuwedzera kwehutsotsi hwakadai semakambani aripo pamapepa chete kana fake subcontracting, ayo anosanganisira kushandiswa kwevashandi vakatumirwa.

Pfungwa huru dzekuvandudza

Pasi pemitemo mitsva yakatumirwa vashandi vari pasi pemitemo yemihoro munyika yavakatemerwa. Izvi zvinogona kuiswa nemutemo kana nezvimwe zvibvumirano zvevanhu vose. Vashandirwi vanofanira kubhadhara mari yekufambisa, chikafu nepekugara pane kuti vabvise mari idzi pamihoro yevashandi.

Iyo yakawanda yekutumira nguva yaizovharwa pamwedzi gumi nemiviri, pamwe nekukwanisa kuwedzera kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Mushure mezvo mitemo yebasa yenyika yavari kushanda yaizoshanda. Kudyidzana pakati penyika dzeEU kugadzirisa hutsotsi huchawedzerwawo.

Pamusoro pezvo masangano ebasa renguva pfupi anofanirwa kuvimbisa vashandi vakatumirwa mamiriro akafanana anoshanda kune vamwe vashandi venguva pfupi vakashandirwa munyika yavakatumirwa.

Mitemo mitsva iyi yaizoshanda zvakare kubazi rezvekutakurwa kwezvinhu kamwe chete mutemo chaiwo pamusoro payo yatanga kushanda.

Kutumira munhamba

Pakati pa2010 na2016 nhamba ye vakaisa vashandi muEU yakawedzera ne69% kusvika 2.3 miriyoni. Nekudaro, vashandi vakatumirwa vachiri kungomiririra 0.4% yehuwandu hwevashandi veEU.

Most vashandi vakatumirwa (82.3%) inotumirwa kunyika dzeEU muWestern Europe, Germany, France neBelgium zvichiwana 50% yevashandi vese vakatumirwa. Nyika dzinotumira vashandi vakanyanya kutumirwa iPoland, Germany neSlovenia. Vashandi vanowanzotumirwa munyika dzakavakidzana.