2017-01-10-sovietstatueukraine
James Sherr

Batanidza Shamwari, Russia uye Eurasia Chirongwa

Musi wa29 Zvita, mumwe wevanhu vane simba muUkraine, Viktor Pinchuk, akazivisa kuti pre-emptive uye 'kurwadza' zvibvumirano zvaizodiwa kudzivirira chibvumirano cheUS-Russian 'pamusoro pemisoro yevanopfuura mamirioni makumi mana vekuUkraine'. Nzira yekukanganisika haisati iri itsva kuna Pinchuk, mukuwasha wemutungamiri wechipiri weUkraine, Leonid Kuchma, ane mukurumbira philanthropist uye mumwe wevanhu vakapfuma muUkraine, ane hukama hwenguva refu hwebhizinesi kuRussia. Kusiyana nevamwe vanhu vane mukurumbira, kashoma kuwana Pinchuk achipomerwa kuve murume wepamberi wezvido zveRussia. Zvakangodaro, anga ari mutsigiri anoramba achitsigira kosi yeyananiso: mutemo unopa vaenzi kuMadokero, unoremekedza mitsara mitsvuku yeRussia uye anotsoropodza avo vanotenda izvozvo. Ukraine inofanira kusarudza pakati perutivi rumwe norumwer.

Asi kunyangwe zvibodzwa zvePinchuk zvinorumbidzwa - kuchengetedza 'kodzero yeUkraine yekusarudza nzira yayo, kuchengetedza nharaunda yayo nekuvaka nyika yakabudirira' - mhinduro dzake dzinovasiya. Vanodaidza kuti 'nguva pfupi' varambe chinangwa chekuva nhengo yeEU, vachitsvaga 'parizvino' imwe 'imwe nzira yekuchengetedza' kuNATO uye pamwe zvine nharo zvakanyanya, kuita sarudzo dzemuno munzvimbo dzakagarwa 'pasati pave nemamiriro esarudzo dzakachena'. Kubvumirana kwakadaro ndizvo zvinhu zve'chikumbiro chikuru' icho 'vechokwadi' vanowanzotaura nezvacho. Asi kunyange mu Nyika yaDonald Trump pakuita dhiri, vashoma vangaendesa Ukraine kukumbundirwa neRussia pasina zvikwaniriso nedziviriro, zvisinei nekunyepedzera izvi. Pinchuk's 'realists' haasi mavara chaiwo asi rhetorical foils inoratidzika yakagadzirirwa kupa humbowo kune zvaanotaura.

Muchidimbu, izvo zvikumbiro zvinotambura nekukanganisika uko imbwa dzese pfungwa dzakadai: hadzishande. Kana gadziriro dzechinguvana dzikatangwa kupedza kunetsana, dzinogona sei kugumiswa pasina kutangazve? Kana zvangobvumiranwa, gadziriro dzakadaro dzinoumba chokwadi chitsva. Vanopedza hukama huripo (Ukraine-EU, Ukraine-NATO) yehupenyu hwavo, zvinhu uye zvakawanda zvechinangwa chavo. Ivo zvakare vanogadzira nyowani nyowani iyo Russia inogona kutarisirwa kushandisa kuitira kuchengetedza kuzviisa pasi kweUkraine, kutanga of facto ndokuzo de jure. Hapana chikonzero chekufunga kuti chero chibvumirano cheunilateral chinopihwa chinotsausa Russia kubva kumagumo aya, iyo yaakatevera zvine hungwaru kunyangwe Ukraine yaive 'isina-bloc' (kureva isina kurongeka).

Sezvibvumirano, sarudzo dzinopa pamutemo, asi hadzifanire kudaro dzichigarwa nemakororo kana mauto ekunze. Ko OSCE ichagumisa kutii kana Ukraine ikabvuma zano raPinchuk rekudzikisa pasi 'vaUkrainian vanobva kumabvazuva vakatambura zvakanyanya', mushure memakore matatu ebasa rakazvipira kune mhedzisiro inoenderana nezvavanofarira uye nemisimboti yeOSCE? Hapangagoni kuva neimwe nzira iri nani yokuramba avo vari muUkraine vakabayira upenyu nezvokudya nokuda kweiyi nheyo naavo vari Kumadokero vakamira pedyo navo.

Kunyangwe dzikaitwa, sarudzo pachadzo dzaisazogutsa Moscow kana vatsigiri vayo muDonetsk neLuhansk. Iwo ekupedzisira anotonga mana chete muzana enharaunda yeUkraine. Ndosaka chibvumirano cheMinsk-II chichiti, pakusimbirira kweRussia, hutongi hwe'special status' hunotungamira sarudzo. Kubva pakutanga, vatungamiriri vanoparadzanisa muDonbas vakasimbirira kuti chimiro chakadaro chinopa kuzvitonga kuzere uye veto yakabatana panzira yekunze yeUkraine. Pazvibodzwa izvi, chinyorwa chaPinchuk chinyararire.

Kunyangwe Pinchuk achitungamirwa nekuda nyika kana kukundwa, kufungidzira kwake kusati kwasvika uye pamwe kwakaiswa zvisizvo. Zvakadaro zvinonyadzisa, chibvumirano cheYalta cha1945 chaienderana nemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika; iyo 'Yalta-II' yezvishuwo zvaPutin haisi. Chidzidzo chayo chekufungidzira, Ukraine, haisi matongo, asi isangano rakasimba rezvematongerwo enyika, rakabatanidzwa kupfuura chero nguva munhoroondo yaro. Ukraine haisi muchipo chemumwe munhu. Kana Trump akatenda neimwe nzira, anogona kutarisira kushorwa kumba uye mukati meNATO pamwe neUkraine. VaTrump naPutin vanogona kupedzisa chibvumirano chiri kukuvadza kuUkraine uye kumabvazuva nepakati peEurope, asi ivo havafanire kusarudza ramangwana reUkraine.

Kusiya zvido zvakakosha nekuda kweizvo vamwe simba kuita hakusi kungoita zvisina kunaka pamusimboti. Zvinogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kwavari kuzviita. Njodzi dziri mberi dzinoda kujekeswa kwakakwana pachikamu cheUkraine. Kana vamwe vakatsvaga kusakoshesa kodzero dzayo senyika yakazvimirira, saka ngavatore mutoro nemhosva. Basa rakadaro harifaniri kuitwa nemaoko eUkraine.