Mukana wekuvhura peji mu #Montenegro

Seimwe yenyika diki kwazvo muEurope, muna Gumiguru 16 Montenegro ichange ingoita sarudzo dzechina kubva pakuzivisa rusununguko kubva kuSerbia muna 2006. Mapato gumi nemanomwe nemabatanidzwa, kusanganisira ari kutonga Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) inotungamirwa naMilo Đukanović. (mufananidzo), ichange ichikwikwidza zvigaro makumi masere nechimwe muparamende yeMontenegro. Apo Đukanović ari kumhanyira izvo zvingava zvake temu yechisere semutungamiri wehurumende, zvakabuda musarudzo zviri mudenga: ongororo dzinoratidza kuti vanopikisa vanogona kuhwina ruzhinji rweparamende uye vakasabvisa Đukanović, uyo akachinjana pakati pehutungamiriri nehutungamiriri husina kukanganiswa. kubva 1991, anonyora Colin Stevens.

Kutamiswa kwemasimba uku kwakavepo nekuparara kwemubatanidzwa wekutonga, waimbosanganisira DPS neSocial Democratic Party yekuMontenegro (SDP). Sezvo ruzhinji rwevanhu vasiri kugutsikana nekukura kweutsotsi hwakarongwa, uori, uye kuderera kwemamiriro ehupfumi, mubatanidzwa akatsemuka yapfuura gore rino.

DPS inotonga yeĐukanović yakananga kusarudzo pasi pechinyorwa che'Montenegro muNATO neEU', ichibvisa kukakavara kunoratidza kuti maMontenegrin anofanira kusarudza pakati pe "remangwana reEuropean" ne "Balkan dead-end". Chiso cheiyo "remangwana reEuropean," zvakadaro, ndiye murume mumwechete akamboona Slobodan Milosevic semuperekedzi, akarayira kuvharwa kweDubrovnik muCroatia, uye iye zvino angozvishandura kuva mubatsiri wekuMadokero mushure. 25 makore musimba.

Maererano neEuropean Commission yazvino Eurobarometer ongororo yemaonero eruzhinji muMontenegro, mikana yaĐukanović yekubatirira pamasimba inotaridzika seyakanyanya. 69% yeMontenegrin vanoona hupfumi sehusina kunaka, uye hafu haivimbi nehurumende yakagara neparamende. Zvikamu makumi matatu neshanu muzana chete zvevakapindura vakapindura vachitsigira pavakabvunzwa "kana Montenegro iri kunanga munzira kwayo." Sezvineiwo, ingangoita hafu yevakapindura havana kukwanisa kutaura kuti "vanovimba neEU."

Ongororo iyi inoratidzawo kukundikana kwemutemo weEuropean Union pamusoro penyika. Nepo Montenegro ichiwanzoonekwa se "poster mwana" wekuwedzera kweEU, kupinda kwayo muUnion (yakatemerwa 2020 pakutanga) kunotsamira pakupfuudza rondedzero yekuwachira yekuchinja, kusanganisira kugadzirisa huwori hwepamusoro, kutonga mukushomeka kwebhajeti, uye kusimbisa hurongwa hwekutonga. Nhaurirano dzeAccession dzakatobata zvimwe zvitsauko, asi ruzhinji ramba wakavhurika. Nehurombo, kunyangwe iyi inofungidzirwa kufambira mberi inongowanikwa pabepa uye mumishumo yevezvematongerwo enyika vekuEurope.

Muchokwadi, kutarisa kwechimbichimbi pamusoro pepepa rerap rakadzika raĐukanović rinopenda mufananidzo wakajeka kupfuura mishumo yese yeEuropean Union. Pakati pe-2000s, chikwata cheItaly anti-mafia akaongorora mutungamiri weMontenegrin nevamwe vake mudzanga unopfuura bhiriyoni remadhora smuggling racket pamwe neItaly Sacra Corona Unita uye Camorra matsotsi mhuri. Đukanović akawedzera kusadzivirirwa kwake kwezvematongerwo enyika kuti atize kupomerwa, uye zviremera zveItaly zvakarasa mhosva muna 2009.

Đukanović akatorawo mukana weindasitiri yenhare yeMontenegro ichiri kusimukira kuti ipfumise iye nemhuri yake; wezvematongerwo enyika-cum-oligarch akabatanidzwa muHungarian kambani yeMagyar Telecom chirongwa chechiokomuhomwe muna 2011, uko hanzvadzi yake, Ana Kolarevic, inonzi yakabatsira kuwana mutakuri wehurumende yeMontenegro, Crnogorski Telekom. Dhipatimendi reJustice reUS uye Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) kuferefetwa Magyar uye mubereki Deutsche Telekom, uye makambani aifanira kubhadhara anenge madhora zana emamiriyoni muzvirango zvemhosva. Kunyanya, Magyar Telecom akabvuma kupa chiokomuhomwe vakuru vehurumende vaviri pamwe naVaMr. Đukanovićhanzvadzi ya. 

Muna 2010 PricewaterhouseCoopers yakaongororawo Prva Banka yenyika (First Bank), inotungamirirwa ne Đukanović mhuri. Odhisheni yakawana mari zhinji yakaiswa kubhanga yakabva mari dzevanhu, nepo zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvezvikwereti zvisina mubereko zvakaenda kune Đukanovićs uye shamwari dzavo dzepedyo, kusanganisira Stanko Subotic (akapomerwa neItaly anti-mafia unit) uye akatongerwa mhosva yekupinza zvinodhaka Darko Saric. Zvombo zvekubiridzira muBalkan yose, neMontenegro senzvimbo huru, chinhu chinotonyanya kunetsa, kunyanya tichifunga nezvombo zvakawanda zvakashandiswa mukurwisa kwemagandanga kwegore rapfuura muFrance zvakabva yaimbova Yugoslavia. 

Zviri pachena, Đukanović uye mhuri yake inodzora zvemari muMontenegro. Vatori venhau vanoongorora nyaya dzehuwori dzine chekuita nemhuri uye neveMontenegro ine simba rakarongwa network vanoisa njodzi huru. Masevhisi epachivande anonzi aive akasungirirwa kune 2004 kuponda weDusko Jovanovic, mupepeti-mukuru webepanhau rinopikisa Dan, nekufumura zvakaitwa naĐukanović nehutsotsi. Kurwiswa kwechisimba kunotevera vatori venhau veMontenegrin vari kuyedza kuunza pachena kuMontenegro zvakajairwa.

Mufananidzo wehupfumi pasi pehutungamiriri hwa Đukanović uri kukurawo. Chikwereti chekunze chakakwira kubva pazero kuenda pa70% yeGDP mumakore gumi chete uye huwandu hwekushaikwa kwevechidiki hwawedzera kusvika. kupfuura 40%. Ruzhinji rwevagadziri vakakura vakavhara, uye matare epasi rose ari kufunga nezve masutu akakwidzwa nevaisiri vekunze vakakuvadza. Masangano epasi rese anotarisisa ane tariro shoma kuchengetedza nezvehupfumi hweMontenegrin kana.

 Saka, ndiani ari kukwikwidza kuchenesa mushure meĐukanović?

Mubatanidzwa mukuru weDemocratic Front unopikisa uri kuita pasi pechinyorwa che'MilliOn' (isu kana iye), uye wakwanisa kubatanidza vakwikwidzi vezvematongerwo enyika vasingawirirane pane chimwe chikonzero - kudzinga Đukanović. Mapato eDemocratic Front aive pakati pepakati kuratidzira kwakakurumbira izvo zvakatora Podgorica muna Zvita wapfuura, zvichimanikidza Đukanović kudaidza sarudzo itsva. Padivi peDemocratic Front, bato reSocialist People's Party, DEMOS, neUnited Reform Action vasanganawo mu "Key Coalition," chibvumirano chechipiri chinopikisa. Mubatanidzwa wavo unomirira mhedzisiro ine mwero, asi vanogona kuita basa guru mukuumba hurumende inotevera.

Nehuori hwake hwehuori pavhu rakaoma, zvingave kukanganisa kuti European Union irege Đukanović arambe ari mutauriri wavo ega muMontenegro. Nekubatanidzwa kwevanopikisa uye kutsamwa kweveruzhinji panguva yekupisa, Brussels inofanirwa kuchengetedza nhaurirano nemasimba ese makuru ezvematongerwo enyika eMontenegro. Kana Đukanović isina kuvharwa mushure me 16 Gumiguru, Montenegro inogona kupedzisira yatama kupfuura kushanda se Đukanović's "personal fiefdom" uye inokodzera kuve nhengo muEurope.

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