Iyo #HangzhouG20Summit - chii chiri panjodzi?

Musi wa4-5 Gunyana, guta reHangzhou rakagadzirirwa kuita musangano wekutanga wevatungamiriri veG20 muChina. Nekuchingamidza vatungamiri veG20 pamusangano wavo wechigumi nerimwe, China iri kurova chimwe chiitiko chakakosha mukuratidza kusakosha kwayo mukutonga kwehupfumi hwenyika, zvichitevera kurongeka kwemusangano weAsia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) muna 11 uye kukurudzira kwakabudirira kwekuwedzera. iyo renminbi kune International Monetary Fund's (IMF) yemari yemari gore rapfuura, akanyora Balazs Ujvari, Egmont Institute.

Bato reCommunist of China (CPC) rakazivisa zviri pamutemo zvaro zvekutanga musi wa 1 Zvita 2015 kumusangano unouya, uchapindwawo nevaenzi vakati wandei vanosanganisira Kazakhstan, Laos neEgypt. Kuvaka pazvitatu Zviri (Kusanganisirwa, Kuita uye Kuisa mari) yemusangano weAntalya wa2015, China yakarongawo zvekutanga kutenderedza 'I mazwi': "Kuenda kune Inovandudza, Yakasimbiswa, Yakabatana uye Inosanganisirwa hupfumi hwenyika." Zvinoshamisa kuti zvakadaro, nepo China ichitsvaga mvumo yenhengo dzeG20 kugadzira hurongwa hwekuita pamwe chete hunodiwa kufambisira mberi zvinangwa zviri pamusoro, kufambira mberi kwepasi rose panyaya idzi, chokwadi, kunowanzo vhiringwa nekutadza kweCPC kuita shanduko kumberi.

Nekuisa utsanzi sechinonyanya kukosha pachirongwa cheG20, China inotsvaga kuona kuti kukura munyika dzese dzeG20 kuri kuwedzera kutungamirwa nehunyanzvi. Haisiwo netsaona kuti CPC yakasarudza dunhu reZheijang kuti riite gungano iri - dunhu rinobva kune mamwe makambani ekuChina ane hunyanzvi akaita seAlibaba neGeely. Ndichiri kupa nharaunda dzemumba kuti dziite kuti hunyanzvi hunoenderana nemutemo wenzvimbo, iyo G20 muHangzhou inogona kushandira kubatanidza kuedza kwenyika uye kugovana maitiro akanaka, zvichikonzerawo hurongwa hwekukura kunotungamirwa nekuvandudza. China inogona zvakare kutanga ongororo ye2014 Brisbane summit kuzvipira kusimudza GDP yeG20 pamwe nekuwedzera zvikamu zviviri kubva muzana pamusoro penzira dzazvino, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nzira dzekukura dzakanangana nekuvandudza. Zvisineyi, tichifunga kuti mitemo yekuvandudza zvinhu inowanzoita mhedzisiro munguva refu (zvichisiyana nekutarisa kweG20 kusvika parizvino pakugadzirisa dambudziko rekukurumidza), dambudziko guru rehupfumi hukuru richagara mukurovanisa chiyero nesarudzo dzakakodzera dzesarudzo.

Chinangwa chekugadzira a vakundwa Economic ndiyo mhinduro yeCPC mukuyerera kuri kuramba kukamukana kwezvinhu nemasevhisi kuyambuka miganhu. Nepo zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvedunhu zvichifambisira kutengeserana pakati penyika dzavanofukidza, zvinokanganisawo kugovaniswa kwakakwana kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirwa padanho repasirese kuburikidza nekutsauka kwavanowanzo kukonzera. KuBeijing, hupfumi hwenyika hwakasimudzwa hunofanirawo kufambirana nekuvandudzwa kwekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika, mari dzekudyara uye mari. Zvisinei nekuvandudzwa kwekumiririrwa kweChina nemamwe masimba ari kusimukira munhengo dzakakosha dzehutongi hwepasirese (IMF, World Bank, Financial Stability Board, Basel Committee), kusununguka kwekutengeserana kwachinja kubva padanho renyika dzakawanda kuenda kudunhu (kazhinji nenzira yemakwikwi) , zvichiisa pangozi kuunza kudzikira kwemaitiro muhupfumi hwenyika.

Chokwadi chinoramba chiripo chekuti zvido zveChina zvinoramba zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya nekutengeserana kusununguka kuburikidza neWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri. Chekutanga, chiyero cheChina chekutengeserana-kune-GDP chinoramba chiri chakapetwa kaviri cheUS. Chechipiri, kutengeserana kweChina kuchiri kunyanya kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwete mabasa epamusoro ane hukama nenyika dzakabudirira. Nekuda kwekuti kudzorwa kwemasevhisi kungangoita kutiza kuwedzera kweWTO pane izvo zvekutengesa, China yakawana mibairo yakakura kubva mukusunungurwa kwekutengeserana kwemarudzi akawanda. Parizvino apo nhaurirano dzekutengeserana dzinoenderera zvakanyanya kuburikidza ne-mega-regional kutengeserana uye zvibvumirano zvekudyara zvakaburitswa zvakanyanya neUnited States kuburikidza ne- zvakamiswa - Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) uye yakatopera (asi isina kubvumidzwa) Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). ), China yanga ichishandisa hutungamiriri hwayo hweG20 kuyedza nekusundidzira nhaurirano dzekutengeserana kudzokera kudanho renyika dzakawanda. Pakati pezvakati wandei zvakakonzeresa geopolitical mhedzisiro yeUnited States kunyora mitemo yekutengeserana muEast neSoutheast Asia ndiko kudzikiswa kwekutsamira kwenyika dzedunhu pakutengeserana kweChina uye kukonzeresa kumanikidza kwemukati nekunze kuChina kuti isunungure hupfumi hwayo. Nepo maitiro eBeijing akananga kuTPP anga achichinja zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pakuzvidza kuenda kukumbundikira nekuchenjera, mutengo wezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi weChina kupinda muTPP unoramba wakakura. Naizvozvo haisi tsaona kuti CPC inoramba ichida kubata kutengeserana sechinhu chepasirese kwete nyaya yedunhu - kunyangwe China ikataurirana zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana neJapan, South Korea nedzimwe nyika shoma muAsia neOceania kuburikidza neRegional Comprehensive Economic. Kudyidzana. Kuedza kweBeijing kuisa kutengeserana kwakasimba pachirongwa cheG20 kwakatotungamira mukuumbwa kweTrade & Investment G20 Working Group kutanga kwegore rino, ichiteverwa nesangano rekutanga G20 Trade Ministerial muna Chikunguru wapfuura muShanghai. Izvi zvakazoita kuti pave nekugamuchirwa kwemitemo yakabatana yekusimudzira kutengeserana uye kutungamira kugadzira mitemo yekudyara.

Zvisinei nekuedza kweBeijing kusimudzira nzira yakabatana yekusununguka kwekudyara, musika weChinese unoramba wakaoma kuwana kune vanoisa mari kunze kwenyika, kunyanya muzvikamu zvakaita sepetrochemicals, simba uye kufambiswa kwemashoko. Pamusoro pezvo, China iri kutadzisawo nhaurirano pamusoro pezvibvumirano zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutengeserana zvakakurukurwa kunze kwekutumirwa kweWTO. Semutori wechikamu munhaurirano dzeEnvironment Goods Agreement (iyo ine chinangwa chekubvisa zvipingamupinyi zvekutengesa zvinhu zvakasvibirira), Beijing kusvika parizvino yapokana nekuderedzwa kukuru kwemitero. Pamusoro pezvo, nyika yatadzawo kutevedzera zvakatarwa nemusi waChikunguru 1 kuti iite seti yekutanga yekudzikiswa kwemitero inoenderana neAgreement Technology Agreement yakawedzera yakadhindwa pagurukota reWTO muNairobi Zvita apfuura. Imwe nyaya ine gakava pachirongwa cheG20 ichabatanidzira kuwanda kwemaindasitiri (kunyanya muchikamu chesimbi) iyo China ingangoedza kuburitsa senyaya yepasirese kwete yeChinese. Zvisinei nekuenderera mberi kwekuita kwemumba, China inoramba ichitarisana nemaitiro akawanda ekurwisa kuraswa kwesimbi nekuda kwekudhura kwayo kutengesa kunze kwenyika - kunyanya kubva kuUnited States neEurope.

China ingangoshandisawo musangano weHangzhou kukurudzira kuvhurwa kwechikamu chegumi neshanu chekuongorora mukati meIMF, kunonokerwa nemakore nekuda kwekunonoka kugamuchirwa kwekuvandudzwa kwe15 neUS Congress. Zvinoenderana nedata rakaburitswa neIMF muna Chikunguru 2010, imwezve 2015 muzana yemapoinzi ekuchinja muzvikamu zvezvikamu kubva kumberi kuenda kumisika ichiri kusimukira hupfumi ingave yakakosha kuratidza chokwadi chiripo chehupfumi. Zvakadaro, chero shanduko dzinogona kuita kuti China ikunde Japan maererano nehutongi hwesimba kana kuti United States irase simba rayo rekuvhota kuchanetsa mune zvematongerwo enyika kana zvisingaite kupinza mutemo wemuno muTokyo neWashington. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kumikidzo kunogona kuchinjika kune kuongororwa kweiyo quota formula nekuwedzera, semuenzaniso, huremu hwe.

kutenga simba parity kufunga kune kukanganisa kwemitengo yekuchinja kwemusika ikozvino. Asi apo China iri kuda kuvandudzwa kwemasangano ezvemari epasi rose, iri kunetseka kugadzirisa misika yayo yemunyika, izvo zvakaona chikamu chikuru chesimba ravo chichienda kubato riri kutonga kubva pavakasvika Mutungamiri Xi Jinping mukutonga muna Mbudzi 2012. kukwikwidza kwevakasarira pesvedzero kunonyanya kuoneka pakati peBazi reCommerce nePeople's Bank, kune rimwe divi, uye Ministry of Finance kune rimwe, iro rakarwa kwemakore pamusoro pekuti imarii mari ichashandiswa neChina.

The interconnectivity chimiro chinoratidza maitiro eChina kugwaro rebudiriro. Inovaka pamusoro pekubudirira kweBeijing munguva pfupi yapfuura mukuona kukurumidza kukura nekutarisa mukusimudzirwa kwezvivakwa zvemuviri semota yekusimudzira hupfumi. China yakaunganidza nhamburiko dzakakura dzekuita basa rakawanda mugwaro rebudiriro yenyika, kusanganisira kuburikidza neBelt & Road chirongwa chinoda kusimudzira hukama pakati peEurope neChina nekudyara mune - pakati pezvimwe - zvirongwa zvezvivakwa muCentral neSouth. Asia. Chirongwa chakanyatsoenderana ndechezvino 46-simba Asian Infrastructure and Investment Bank (AIIB) iyo, pamwe chete ne$40 bhiriyoni yeSilk Road Fund, inoitirwa kupa mari mapurojekiti akaitwa pasi peB&R. Musangano weHangzhou uchamiririra mukana weChina kuvakira uye kufambisira mberi zvakabudirira zvemusangano weG2013 weSt. chinangwa chekuenzanisa nzira dzekuvaka zvivakwa. China nedzimwe nyika dzeBRICS (Brazil, Russia, India neSouth Africa) dzinogonawo kutora mukana uyu kuratidza kugadzirira kwavo kuvaka mabhiriji pakati pemabhanga achangoburwa ebudiriro emarudzi akawanda (akadai seNew Development Bank neAIIB) kune rimwe divi, uye masangano emari echinyakare pane imwe.

Pakupedzisira, the kukura kunosanganisira chikamu chinoita senge chinoratidza kutsunga kweChina kuvaka hukama hwakabatana mumamiriro epamba pakati pekukura kwehupfumi, nzanga uye nharaunda. Tichipindura kukusaenzana kwematunhu kuri kukura, mikaha yemari inowedzera uye kushatiswa kwemhoteredzo kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, chinangwa chekuona kukura kwakabatanidzwa chakaiswawo muchirongwa chemakore mashanu (13-2016) chegumi nematatu. Musangano weG2020 wegore rino inguva yekuti China isundire nhengo kuti dzigadzire hurongwa chaihwo hwekuita 20 Sustainable Development Agenda uye kuongorora kuitwa kweMulti-Year Development Action Plan yakabvumidzwa pa2030 G2010 muSeoul.

Muchidimbu, nepo hutungamiriri hweChina hwakatove neshanduko pamaitiro eG20 (kunyanya kuburikidza nekukwikwidza kwekutengeserana), nguva yakakosha yekuti Beijing iratidze kugadzirira kwayo hutungamiriri hwepasirese - ichitsigirwa nedanho remumba - mukutonga kwehupfumi huchauya. muchimiro cheHangzhou summit - nyika ichange ichiona.

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