UK neEU: Zvirinani kubuda kana kupinda?

David Cameron akavimbisa referendum pamusoro pekuti Britain inofanira kuramba iri muEuropean Union pakupera kwe 2017. Heino pfupiso yenharo dzinokosha uye dzinopesana neBritish nhengo.

Pane dzimwe sarudzo dzinoshanda dzekuBritain kusiya EU?

Kana Britain ikavhota kubuda muEU, ichafanirwa kutaurirana nezvehukama hutsva hwekutengeserana neichave inhengo yenhengo makumi maviri nenomwe, kubvumidza mafemu eBritain kutengesa zvinhu nemasevhisi kunyika dzeEU pasina kurohwa nemitero yakawandisa nezvimwe zvirambidzo.

Zvirinani kubuda: Britain inogona kutaurirana "kurambana kwakanaka", asi ikaramba iine hukama hwakasimba hwekutengeserana nenyika dzeEU, vanodaro vari kurwira kubuda kweBritain.

Pane akati wandei anogoneka mascenarios:

• Iyo Norwegian modhi: Britain inosiya EU yobatana neEuropean Economic Area, ichipa mukana wekutengesa musika mumwe chete, kunze kwemamwe mabasa emari, asi ichisunungura kubva kumitemo yeEU pamusoro pekurima, hove, kutonga uye nyaya dzemukati.
• Iyo Swiss modhi: Britain inotevedzera Switzerland, isiri nhengo yeEU asi inotaurirana zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana pachikamu-nechikamu.
• Muenzaniso weTurkey: Iyo UK inogona kupinda mumubatanidzwa wetsika neEU, ichibvumira kupinda mumusika wemahara muzvinhu zvakagadzirwa asi kwete masevhisi emari.
• Iyo UK inogona kutsvaga kutaurirana nezveChibvumirano cheKutengeserana chemahara neEU, yakafanana neyeSwiss modhi asi nekuwana zvirinani masevhisi emari uye nezvimwe kutaura pamusoro pemaitirwo emitemo nezviyero.
• Iyo UK inogona kuita zororo rakachena neEU, ichivimba nenhengo yayo yeWorld Trade Organisation sehwaro hwekutengeserana

Zvirinani kupinda: "Kurambana kwakanaka" kurota kwepombi, vanopikisa EU vanopokana. France, Germany nedzimwe nyika dzinotungamira dzeEU hadzimbofa dzakatendera Britain nzira ye "kutora nekusanganisa" kumitemo yebloc. Norway neSwitzerland dzinofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakawanda yeEU pasina pesvedzero pamaumbirwo adzinoitwa. Kutaurirana chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara kunogona kutora makore uye kuve nemhedzisiro isina chokwadi. Uye kana Britain yakaenda kuzororo yakachena zvachose neEU kutengesa kwayo kunze kwaizove pasi pemitero uye yaizofanira kuzadzisa zviyero zvekugadzira zveEU, zvichikuvadza kukwikwidza kwebhizinesi reBritish.

• Verenga zvimwe: Zvatinoziva kusvika parizvino nezve UK in-out referendum

Kutarisana nereferendamu yeEU kunenge kuine nyaya dziri kukwikwidzana dzekuti mamiriyoni mangani emabasa acharasika kana kuwanikwa nekubuda kweBritain. Zvose zvakadai zvinouya nenyevero yehutano. Kuuya nenhamba chaiyo kwakaoma sezvo pasina nzira yekuziva kana kutyisidzirwa nemakambani ekunze kuti adzore mashandiro avo kuUK kuchaitika kana, zvechokwadi, mabasa mangani aizogadzirwa nehupfumi hwakagadziridzwa hungangobuda mukati. kumuka kwekubuda.

Zvirinani kubuda: Kuchave nekuwanda kwemabasa sezvo mafemu asunungurwa kubva kumitemo yeEU pamwe nered tape, vanodaro vari kupokana nezvekubuda, nemakambani madiki nepakati asingatengese neEU achibatsirikana zvakanyanya. In bepa rayo richangoburwa, EU Mabasa Ngano, sangano reFree market Institute for Economic Affairs rinotsvaga kupikisa chirevo chekuti mabasa 3-4 miriyoni aizorasika kana Britain ikaenda. "Mabasa ane chekuita nekutengeserana, kwete kuve nhengo yemubatanidzwa wezvematongerwo enyika, uye pane humbowo hushoma hunoratidza kuti kutengeserana kwaizoderera zvakanyanya pakati pemabhizinesi eBritish nevatengi vekuEurope kana UK iri kunze kweEU," inodaro. "Musika wevashandi wekuUK une simba rinoshamisa, uye waizochinja nekukurumidza kushandura hukama neEU."

Zvirinani kupinda: Mamirioni emabasa aizorasika sezvo vagadziri vepasi rose vakatamira kunyika dzeEU dzine mutengo wakaderera. Indasitiri huru yemotokari yeBritain, yevekunze kwenyika yaizonyanya kuve iri panjodzi. "Kukwezva kweUK senzvimbo yekudyara nekuita bhizinesi remotokari kunotsigirwa zvakajeka nenhengo yeUK ine simba muEU," akadaro KPMG mushumo weindasitiri yemotokari gore rapfuura. Bazi rezvemari, iro rinoshandisa vanhu vangangosvika miriyoni 2.1 muUK, rinewo kushushikana nekubuda kweBritish. "Kubudirira kweindasitiri yebasa rezvemari yeUK kune chikamu chikuru chakavakirwa pamutemo weEU Internal Market. Kusiya izvi kune dzimwe nzira dzisina kuedzwa, dzisingazivikanwi uye dzisingatarisirwi zvingatakura njodzi huru," akadaro. Kambani yemagweta pasi rose Clifford Chance mumushumo wakaitwa neTheCityUK gore rapfuura.

Zvakawanda zvaizoenderana nezvibvumirano zvekutengeserana Britain yakakwanisa kutaurirana neEU nedzimwe nyika mushure mekubuda kwayo.

Mamiriro akanaka kwazvo, maererano nekufunga tank Open Europe, ndeyekuti UK ingave iri nani ne 1.6% yeGDP pagore ne 2030. Icho chiri kufungidzira kuti UK yakaita kupararira kwakapararira mushure mekubuda kwayo uye yakakwanisa kurova zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvakanaka. Tangi yekufunga inowedzera kuti: "Kurebesa kwechokwadi kwakasiyana kuri pakati pekurasikirwa kwechigarire 0.8% kuGDP muna 2030 uye kuwana 0.6% zvachose muGDP muna 2030, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo Britain inosanganisa nzira dzemitemo".

Iyo Center for Economic Performance, paLondon School of Economics, inodaro yakaipisisa-mamiriro ezvinhu iri kuderedzwa kwe6.3% kusvika 9.5% muGDP, "kurasikirwa kwehukuru hwakafanana kune hwakakonzerwa nedambudziko rezvemari repasi rose ra2008/09". Nyaya yakanakisisa, maererano nekuongorora kwavo, kurasikirwa kwe2.2% yeGDP.

Zvirinani kubuda: Britain yaizodzorazve kutonga kuzere kwemiganhu yayo. UKIP inoda kuona hurongwa hwemvumo yekushanda huchiunzwa, kuitira kuti zvizvarwa zveEU zvisangane nezvirambidzo zvemavhiza zvakafanana neavo vanobva kunze kweEU, izvo yainoti zvinoderedza huwandu hwevanhu kubva pamakumi maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe nesere pagore kusvika pamakumi mashanu ezviuru. Izvi zvaizogadzira mikana yebasa kuvashandi vekuBritain uye kuwedzera mihoro, pamwe nekurerutsa kumanikidza kuzvikoro, zvipatara nemamwe mabasa eruzhinji.

Zvirinani kupinda: Britain inogona kubvumirana kubvumidza kufamba kwakasununguka kwevatorwa veEU semutengo wekubvumidzwa kupinda mumusika wemahara. Chero zvazvingava, kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzeEU kwakanakira hupfumi hweBritain. Kufembera kwekukura kweUK kwakavakirwa, muchidimbu, pakuenderera mberi kwemazinga ekutama. Bazi rakazvimirira reHofisi yeBudget Responsibility rinoti hupfumi hunoenderana nevashandi vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika uye mitero inobhadharwa nevanobva kune dzimwe nyika kuti varambe vachiwana mari yekubatsira veruzhinji.

Mupiro weUnited Kingdom kuEU, tichifunga nezvekudzorerwa, waiva £ 11.3bn muna 2013. Izvi zvinopeta kanopfuura kana pane zvazvaiva muna 2008. Inenge mari yakafanana neyo hurumende yeUnited States inoshandiswa pakutakura gore negore.

Zvirinani kubuda: Iyo UK yaizochengetedza mabhiriyoni emubhadharo wenhengo, uye kugumisa "mutero wakavanzika" unobhadharwa nevateresi vekuUK kana zvinhu zvichitumirwa kuEU, zvichikonzerwa nematepi matsvuku, marara, hutsotsi nezvimwe zvinhu.

Zvirinani kupinda: Kubatsira kweUK kubhajeti reEU kudonha mugungwa kana zvichienzaniswa nezvakanaka kune bhizinesi rekuve mumusika mumwe chete.

Zvirinani kubuda: IEU haina kukosha kune kutengeserana kweBritish sezvayaimboita, uye kuenderera mberi kwemhirizhonga mueurozone kuchaita kuti ive shoma. Kunyangwe dai Britain ikatadza kutaurirana nezvechibvumirano chekutengeserana neEU, hazvizove zvakashata sekutaura kunoita vanofarira EU, anopikisa nyanzvi yezvehupfumi Roger Bootle mubhuku rake. Dambudziko neEurope: "Zvaizoisa UK munzvimbo imwechete neUS parizvino, pamwe neIndia, China neJapan, idzo dzese dzinokwanisa kutumira kunze kwenyika kuEU zviri nyore." UK ingave yakasununguka kumisa zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana pakati penyika mbiri nemisika yekunze iri kukurumidza kukura yakaita seChina, Singapore, Brazil, Russia neIndia kuburikidza neWorld Trade Organisation.

Zvirinani kupinda: EU ndiyo inonyanya kudyidzana neUK yekutengeserana, inokosha kudarika £400bn pagore, kana 52% yehuwandu hwekutengesa kwezvinhu nemasevhisi. Kubvisa zvachose kubva kuEU kwaizoona zvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana zvakamiswa, nekutengesa kunze kwemotokari kuEU, semuenzaniso, kutarisana nemutero we15% uye kupinza mutero we10%. "Pfungwa yekuti UK ingave yakasununguka kunze kweEU yakavakirwa panhevedzano yemafungiro asiriwo, ekuti hupfumi huri pakati nepakati, hwakavhurika hunogona kubata muhurongwa hwekutengesa huri kuramba huchiparara hunotongwa neUS, EU neChina; iyo EU. zvinoita kuti zviome kuti Britain ipinde mumisika ichiri kusimukira; uye iyo mari yekunze yaizonyanya kukwezvwa nehupfumi hweBritain dai yakanga isisiri chikamu chemusika mumwe chete," pro-EU Center for European Reform. akadaro mumushumo wenguva pfupi yapfuura.

Zvirinani kubuda: Iyo UK yaizoramba iri chikamu chakakosha cheNATO neUN Security Council uye simba renyukireya, ine izwi rine simba repasi rose pacharo. Boka reEurosceptic Bruges rinoda kupera kwe "isina kuremekedzwa" musimboti wekuti Britain inoita sebhiriji reatlantic pakati peUS neEurope, ichiti nyika inofanirwa kuita kuzvivimba kwayo inotungamira.

Zvirinani kupinda: Yakabviswa pesvedzero muBrussels, Berlin neParis, Britain yaizozviwana ichinyanya kufuratirwa neWashington uye ikasarirwa panhau hombe dzemunyika dzakaita semhoteredzo, chengetedzo nekutengeserana. America nemamwe masangano ari kuda kuti Britain irambe iri muEU. Iyo UK ine njodzi yekuve maverick, yakasarudzika nyika kana ikabva.

Zvirinani kubuda: Britain yaizowana kutonga kuzere kwemiganhu yayo, nekutama nekubuda kunze kwenyika kunodzorwa nemutemo weBritish chete. Zvingave zvakanyanya kuomera vagari veEU kuti vatamire kuUK, kunyangwe avo vagara pano vasingakwanise kubviswa.

Zvirinani kupinda: Zvakawanda zvaizoenderana nekuti rudzii rwechibvumirano rwakasvikwa nedzimwe nyika dzeEU. Vanhu vekuBritain vangangokumbira mavhiza kuti vapinde munyika dzeEU uye avo vari kutogarako vanogona kutarisana nemitemo yekubatanidza, sekuratidza kuti vanogona kutaura mutauro uyu vasati vawana kodzero dzekugara kwenguva refu. Paizovewo nekusagadzikana kwevashandi vazhinji veEU vava kubhadhara mutero kuUK - ndezvipi zvikomborero, kana zviripo, zvavangave nekodzero?

Zvirinani kubuda: EU ine simba shoma pamusoro pemutero, iyo inonyanya kukoshesa hurumende dzenyika. Kunze kweVAT, iyo ine mabhendi akabvumirana padanho reEU. Kunze kweEU, iyo UK ingangove nekushanduka-shanduka.

Zvirinani kupinda: "Kunzvenga mitero uye kunzvenga mitero kuchasvika pakuremara sezvo hupfumi hwedu hunowedzera kuve hwevekunze kwenyika dzakawanda izvo zvinoita kuti Britain ive pakati pehurongwa hwebhizinesi ravo," rakapokana bepanhau rinotsigira European The Observer. mupepeti.

Zvirinani kubuda: Ingave pfuti huru muruwoko rweBritish democracy sezvo paramende yeWestminster yakawana hutongi hwayo uye yakabatana zvakare nevavhoti. Nyika yaizove yakasununguka kubva kuEuropean Arrest Warrant uye mamwe mutemo uye kurongeka matanho.

Zvirinani kupinda: MaBritish anobatsirwa kubva kuEU mitemo yebasa uye dziviriro yemagariro, izvo zvinotorerwa. Kubviswa kubva kuEuropean Arrest Warrant kunogona kureva kunonoka kweUK mukuendesa vanofungidzirwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope; uye UK yatova nedzimwe nzira dzekubuda mumutemo wevashandi weEU, kusanganisira iyo Working Time Directive.

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