Q&A pamishonga yemhuka uye medicated feed proposal

Nhasi (10 Gunyana) Komisheni yakagamuchira zvirevo zvemishonga yemhuka uye chikafu chemishonga, icho chine chinangwa chekuvandudza hutano hwemhuka uye hutano hweveruzhinji, pamwe nemusika wemukati.

1) Chikumbiro chemishonga yemhuka

Sei mitemo mitsva yeEU pamishonga yemhuka ichidiwa?

Parizvino, kune nhamba isina kukwana uye huwandu hwemishonga yekudzivirira nekurapa zvirwere mumhuka muEU. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kumhuka dzinonzi 'semhando diki' dzakaita senyuchi, hove uye matoki. Kushaikwa kwemishonga yezvipfuyo yakakodzera kunokonzeresa hutano husina kunaka hwemhuka uye kugara zvakanaka, njodzi dzakawedzerwa kuhutano hwevanhu, uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi nemakwikwi kuvarimi veEU.

Pamusoro pezvo, kunyangwe mitemo yeEU pamishonga yezvipfuyo yavepo kubvira 1965, vanobatana nenyika dzenhengo vanoti mutoro wakasarudzika wekutonga uri kukanganisa hunyanzvi. Komisheni inobvuma kuti mitemo iripo yemishonga yezvipfuyo inoisa mutoro wakanyanyisa wekutonga kuindasitiri yemishonga yemhuka, izvo zvinozoisa varimi veEU padambudziko rehupfumi, uye ine chinangwa chekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu nechikumbiro ichi.

Ko Komisheni inotarisira kuwana chii nechikumbiro ichi?

Kunze kwezvinangwa zvakakura zvekubatsira musika wemukati kushanda zvirinani, uchichengetedza hutano hwemhuka uye hutano hweveruzhinji, chinangwa chechikumbiro ichi chakapetwa katatu:

1) Kurerutsa nharaunda yekudzora uye kuderedza mutoro wekutonga - mune mamwe mazwi, kuderedza dzvuku tepi;

2) kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemishonga mitsva yezvipfuyo, kusanganisira iyo yemisika mishoma (kushandiswa kudiki nemhando diki), uchichengeta iyo yatove pamusika, uye;

3) kufambisa kufambiswa kwemishonga yezvipfuyo muEU yose, kuburikidza nemaitiro emvumo ari nani, uye mitemo yakajeka pamhando dzemazuva ano dzekutengesa, kureva kutengesa kweinternet.

Chii chichanyatsochinja?

Mutemo mutsva unotarisisa kurwisa kuvandudzwa kweantimicrobial resistance (AMR) mumhuka nevanhu. Nemitemo mitsva zvichave zvichibvira kurambidza kushandiswa kwemamwe maantimicrobial mumhuka dzakachengeterwa kurapwa kwehutachiona hwevanhu.

Mukuwedzera, kuderedza tsvuku tsvuku:

• Mafambisirwo emvumo yekushambadzira anobvumira makambani kuisa nekuchengetedza mushonga wezvipfuyo pamusika wese weEU, uye;

• Mitemo ye pharmacovigilance (kutarisisa mhedzisiro yemishonga yezvipfuyo pamusika) ichave nyore.

Kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemishonga mitsva:

• Mitemo yakakosha yemvumo yemishonga yezvipfuyo kumisika midiki senge apiculture uye aquaculture ichaunzwa, uye;

• nzira iri nani yekupa mibairo ichaiswa, kureva kuti kuchengetedzwa kwedata kwakawedzerwa kumishonga yezvipfuyo, izvo zvichaita kuti mavestments emakambani abatsire mune zveupfumi.

Kubatsira kutenderera kwemishonga yemhuka mhiri kweEU:

• mitemo inounzwa kuti ifambise kutengesa kweinternet kwemishonga yemhuka mukati meEU.

Mitemo mitsva ichagadzirisa sei AMR?

Chikumbiro ichi chinopa maturusi matsva ekutonga kuKomisheni uye nhengo dzenhengo kuti dzideredze njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu nemhuka hwekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mumhuka. Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kutyaira pasi budiriro uye kupararira kweantimicrobial kuramba muchikamu chezvechiremba.

Ndiani achabatsirwa nemitemo mitsva?

Mhuka, varimi, varidzi vezvipfuyo, makambani anogadzira mishonga nemamwe mabhizinesi vachabatsirikana kubva mumutemo wakadzokororwa wemishonga yemhuka.

Kumhuka, pundutso ichabva mukuwanda kwenhamba uye mhando yemishonga iripo yekudzirapa.

Shanduko idzi dzichabatsira vana chiremba vezvipfuyo, varimi (kunyanya idzo mhuka dzinopfuya dzinoonekwa semhando diki dzakaita senyuchi, mbudzi, matoki) uye varidzi vezvipfuyo, avo vanozove nekuwana mishonga yezvipfuyo yekurapa mhuka.

Hutano hwevanhu huchavandudza kuburikidza nemitemo yakanangana nekuchengetedza mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Makambani anogadzira mishonga achabatsirikana kubva mumitengo yakadzikira zvine chekuita nekupihwa mvumo kwemishonga yavo uye kuichengeta pamusika.

Mamwe mabhizinesi anozobatsirwa nemakwikwi akavandudzwa uye kutenderera kwemishonga yezvipfuyo muEU yese, uye kushanda kwakakwana kwemusika wemukati.

Maonero aani akarangarirwa?

Musangano wekubvunza veruzhinji wakaitwa muna 2010, kuti uunganidze pfungwa dzevose vane chekuita nezvakadai, kusanganisira varimi, varidzi vezvipfuyo, makambani anogadzira mishonga nemamwe mabhizinesi.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvemishonga yemhuka:

http://ec.europa.eu/health/veterinary-use/index_en

2) Medicated feed proposal

Sei mitemo mitsva yeEU pakudya kwemishonga ichidiwa?

Mushure mekunyorerwa nachiremba wemhuka, chikafu chemishonga inzira yakakosha yekupa mishonga yemhuka kumhuka. Kugadziridzwa kwemutemo wekudyisa wemedicated uyo wave kuda kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chezana ramakore (iyo yazvino Directive 90/167/EEC yakagamuchirwa muna 1990) yakanonoka. Hutongi hwemarudzi hwakasiyana hwakakanganisa musika wemukati uye hutano hweveruzhinji hahuna kuvimbiswa zvakanaka nemitemo iripo. Kuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano kunodiwa kuratidza kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi nesainzi mumakumi emakore apfuura, kuitira kuti mitemo yakawiriraniswa irambe ichiona kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwekudya kwemishonga muEU.

Zvakare nekukosha kune hutano hwemhuka, ongororo iyi yakakosha pakushanda kwakaringana kwemusika wemukati kukurudzira kukwikwidza, hutsva uye kukura kwehupfumi mumaindasitiri ane chekuita.

Kubva 1990 Directive yakatanga kushanda, mamiriro ezvinhu munyika dzakawanda dzeEU akawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma: mitemo yakapararira uye yakasiyana-siyana yakakanganisa kurapwa kwakanaka kwemhuka uye kuvapo kwekudya kwemishonga pamitengo yemakwikwi. Mukuwedzera, kukura kweantimicrobial resistance (AMR) kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Chekupedzisira, pasi pehurongwa hwazvino, varidzi vezvipfuyo munyika zhinji dzeEU havagone kubata mhuka dzavo zvakanaka uye nemazvo nechikafu chemhuka.

Mitemo inowirirana yemitemo yeEU, inorambidza kuita kweEU kusvika padiki, sezvakavavarirwa neongororo iyi, ichave nehupfumi uye hutano.

Ko Komisheni inotarisira kuwana chii nechikumbiro ichi?

Chikumbiro ndechekubvisa uye kutsiva Directive 90/167/EEC ine yemazuva ano Regulation inofukidza kugadzirwa, kuisa pamusika uye kushandiswa kwechikafu chekudya.

Nekukurudzira seti yakawiriraniswa yezvirongwa zvekugadzira chikafu chakashongedzwa pamhando yakakodzera uye chengetedzo level, Komisheni ine chinangwa chekujekesa munda kune vese vanogadzira uye nekutsigira kunoshanda uye kune hupfumi medicated kugadzirwa kwekudya. Mutemo wakarongwa unofanirwa kubvumira veterinarians kuti vasarudze nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa mhuka dzine zvirwere vachifunga nezvemamiriro emunharaunda munharaunda yega yega.

Uyezve, Komisheni ine chinangwa chekuvandudza chokwadi chepamutemo uye kujeka kune vanogadzira chikafu chemishonga kuitira kuti vasazovhiringika nekusiyana uye / kana kujeka mitemo yenyika. Hurongwa hwekuwedzeredza mune dzimwe nzvimbo huchabviswa kuitira kuti chikafu chemishonga chigone kugadzirwa zvine hupfumi. Mukufambirana, mitemo yakarembera iyo inotungamira mukukanganisa kwemhuka uye hutano hweveruzhinji inosimbiswa. Chekupedzisira, Komisheni inotarisira kusimudzira hunyanzvi kuburikidza nemvumo yakajeka yekushandisa chikafu chemishonga kumhuka dzinovaraidza.

Chii chichanyatsochinja?

Iyo Regulation ichanyatso sanganisira medicated chikafu chezvipfuyo uye ichaunza yakasimba matanho ekuona kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwekudya kwemishonga. Pamusoro pezvo, kugadzirwa kunotarisirwa, musanganiswa wenhare, kugadzirwa kwepapurazi kwekudya kwemishonga uye vagovanisi vane hunyanzvi vanobvumidzwa EU-yakafara. Chekupedzisira, Regulation ichaisa nhanho dzechizvino-zvino dzehumwe hwekudya kwemishonga uye nesainzi inotorwa-kupfuura miganho yemishonga yemhuka mune zvakajairwa chikafu chemukomboni.

Mitemo mitsva ichagadzirisa sei AMR?

Chikumbiro chinogadzirisa AMR nekugadzirisa kushandiswa zvisiri izvo kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nenzira nhatu. Chekutanga inorambidza kushandiswa kwechikafu chekudya senzira yekudzivirira kana seyekusimudzira kukura. Chechipiri, inogadza muganho wakasara weEU-pase wemishonga yemhuka mune zvakajairwa chikafu. Pakupedzisira, inosimbisa mitemo yekuraira nekubata chikafu chemishonga nemishonga inorwisa utachiona.

Ndiani achabatsirwa nemitemo mitsva?

Mhuka dzinorimwa - dzinosanganisira mune zvemumvura, mhuka dzinovaraidza, varimi, varidzi vezvipfuyo, vanachiremba vezvipfuyo, mabhizinesi anogadzira chikafu chemishonga uye vagari vachabatsirwa nemutemo wakadzokororwa wezvekudya kwemishonga.

Kuvepo kwechikafu chemhando yepamusoro chemishonga nemitengo inokwikwidzana kuchabatsira varimi uye zvoita kuti varapwe zviri nani zvipfuyo zvepapurazi zvinorwara.

Sezvo kurapwa kunogona kuiswa muzvokudya zvemhuka, mhuka dzinovaraidza dzine zvirwere zvisingaperi hazvichafaniri kumedza mapiritsi kana mamwe marudzi emishonga, zvichiita kuti upenyu huve nyore kwavari nevaridzi vavo.

Mitemo yakajeka ichave mukana kune makambani matsva uye zvakare makambani aripo anoshuvira kuwedzera bhizinesi ravo.

Chekupedzisira, mabhenefiti anowedzera kune hutano hweveruzhinji nekuda kwematanho ekurwisa AMR.

Maonero aani akarangarirwa?

Vazhinji vane chekuita vakabvunzurudzwa panguva yegadziriro yechikumbiro ichi, kusanganisira varimi nemasangano anoona nezvezvipfuyo, indasitiri yezvekudya nemishonga yezvipfuyo, vanachiremba vezvipfuyo, masangano evatengi nevaridzi vezvipfuyo. Nyika dzose dziri nhengo, Norway neSwitzerland dzakabvunzurudzwawo.

Pamusoro pezvo, ongororo yakavhurika yedandemutande yakaitika muna 2011 nemipiro kubva kuvagari vemo pamwe nemasangano eEU-level. Chekupedzisira, zvidzidzo, data uye maonero esainzi kubva kuEuropean Food Safety Authority uye European Medicines Agency zvakashandiswa sekuisa pachikumbiro ichi.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekudya kwemhuka.

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