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European Commission inodaidzira miitiro yakaoma yekudzora ma drones evagari

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12 makore apfuura

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

drones_and_other_remotely_piloted_aircraft_systems_52fb0eb04eEuropean Commission nhasi (8 Kubvumbi) yakurudzira kumisikidza mitsva mitsva yekudzora mashandiro evagari vemo (kana Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems - RPAS). Iwo mazinga matsva achavhara kuchengetedza, kuchengetedzeka, kuvanzika, kuchengetedza data, inishuwarenzi uye mutoro. Chinangwa ndechekubvumira indasitiri yeEurope kuti ive mutungamiri wepasi rose mumusika weiyi tekinoroji iri kusimukira, panguva imwechete ichiona kuti zvese zvinodzivirirwa zviripo.

Zvidhori zvevagari vemo zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa muEurope, munyika dzakaita seSweden, France neUK, muzvikamu zvakasiyana, asi pasi pehurongwa hwakakamukana hwekutonga. Mitemo yakakosha yekuchengetedzwa kwenyika inoshanda, asi mitemo inosiyana muEU yese uye akati wandei edziviriro akakosha haana kutariswa nenzira inowirirana.

Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri wenyika, Siim Kallas, Commissioner wezvekufambisa uye zvekutakura, akati: "Drones dzevagari vemo dzinogona kutarisa kukanganisa mumigwagwa uye mabhiriji enjanji, kuongorora njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga dzakadai semafashamo uye kupfapfaidza zvirimwa zvine humbowo. remangwana vanogona kutoendesa mabhuku kubva kumutengesi wako waunofarira padandemutande. Asi vanhu vazhinji, kusanganisira ini, tine kutyira nezvekuchengetedzwa, kuchengetedzeka uye nyaya dzekuvanzika zvine chekuita nemidziyo iyi."

Tekinoroji yezvidhori zvechivanhu iri kukura uye pane mukana wekukura kukuru uye kugadzira mabasa. Pane imwe fungidziro mumakore gumi anotevera inogona kuve yakakosha 10% yemusika wendege - ndiyo € 10 bhiriyoni pagore. Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri akawedzera kuti: "Kana pakambove nenguva yakafanira yekuita izvi, uye kuita izvi padanho reEurope, ikozvino. Nekuti ndege dzinotyaira dziri kure, dzinenge netsanangudzo, dzichayambuka miganhu uye indasitiri ichiri. pahudiki hwayo. Tine mukana iye zvino wekuita bumbiro rimwechete remitemo iro munhu wese anogona kushanda naro, sezvatinoita kundege hombe."

Iwo mwero mitsva uchabata nzvimbo dzinotevera:

Mitemo yakadzikama yeEU pane mvumo yekuchengetedza. Chengetedzo ndiyo yekutanga kukosha kune EU mutemo wendege. Zviyero zveEU zvichange zvichibva pamusimboti wekuti ma civil drones (ndege dzinotyaira kure) dzinofanirwa kupa yakaenzana mwero wekuchengetedza kune 'manned' mashandiro endege. EASA, iyo European Aviation Safety Agency, ichatanga kugadzira yakatarwa EU-yakafara zviyero zvendege dzinoyeverwa kure.

Zvakaoma zvinodzora pakuvanzika uye kuchengetedza data. Dhata inounganidzwa nendege inoyerwa kure, inofanirwa kutevedzera inoshanda yekudzivirira data uye zviremera zvekudzivirira data zvinofanirwa kutarisa kunotevera kuunganidzwa uye kugadzirisa kwedata rako. Komisheni ichaongorora maitiro ekuona kuti mitemo yekudzivirira data inoshanda zvizere kune ndege dziri kure uye inokurudzira shanduko kana nhungamiro chaiyo painoda.

Zvidzoreso zvekuchengetedza kuchengetedza. Civil drones inogona kuve pasi pezvingangoita zvisiri pamutemo uye kutyisidzira kwekuchengetedza, sedzimwe ndege. EASA ichatanga basa rekugadzira zvinodikanwa zvekuchengetedza, kunyanya kuchengetedza nzizi dzeruzivo, uye yobva yapa zvisungo zvepamutemo kune vese vatambi vane chekuita (semuenzaniso manejimendi ekufambisa kwemhepo, mutyairi, vanopa masevhisi efoni), kuti zvisimbiswe nezviremera zvenyika.

Chimiro chakajeka chemhosva uye inishuwarenzi. Ikozvino yechitatu-bato reinishuwarenzi hurumende yakasimbiswa zvakanyanya maererano nendege ine vanhu, uko uremu (kubva pa500kg) unosarudza huwandu hushoma hweinishuwarenzi. Komisheni ichaongorora kukosha kwekugadzirisa mitemo iripo kuti ifunge nezvezvakajeka zvendege dziri kure.

Kugadzirisa R&D uye kutsigira indasitiri nyowani. Komisheni ichagadzirisa basa reR&D, kunyanya mari yeEU R&D inotungamirwa ne SESAR Joint Undertaking kuchengetedza nguva dzekutungamira dzeanovimbisa matekinoroji ekuiswa kweRPAS muEuropean airspace ipfupi sezvinobvira. MaSME uye vanotanga muchikamu vanowana rutsigiro rweindasitiri kuvandudza matekinoroji akakodzera (pasi peHorizon 2020 neCOSME zvirongwa).

Chii chinoitika zvino?

Komisheni ichaita muna 2014 ongororo yakadzama yekuongorora nyaya uye kutsanangura nzira dzakanakisa dzekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinogona kuteverwa nechikumbiro chemutemo, kuti chitenderwe neNhengo dzeNyika uye Paramende yeEuropean. Uye zvakare, EASA inogona kubva yatanga kuvandudza inodiwa kuchengetedza zviyero. Mamwe matanho anogona kusanganisira zviito zvekutsigira pasi pezvirongwa zveEU zviripo seSESAR, Horizon 2020 kana COSME. Basa rese iri rine chinangwa chekuzadzisa chinangwa chakataurwa cheEuropean Council yaZvita 2013 kuona kufambira mberi kwekubatanidzwa kweRPAS munzvimbo yemhepo kubva muna 2016.

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