CAP reform: Tsananguro yezvinhu zvikuru

Komisheni, Kanzuru neParamende yeEuropean (EP) yasvika chibvumirano chezvematongerwo enyika pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kweCommon Agriculture Policy - zvichienderana nekubvumidzwa zviri pamutemo neKanzuru uye EP seChibvumirano chekutanga chekuverenga. Zvizhinji zvakabvumiranwa mu trilogue muna Chikumi 1, uye nyaya dzekupedzisira dzakasara (dzakabatana neMulti-Annual Financial framework package) dzakapedzwa munaGunyana 26. Kubva pane zvikumbiro zveKomisheni kubva muna Gumiguru 24 (ona. IP/11/1181 uye MEMO/11/685), chibvumirano chine chekuita nemirau mina yeEuropean Paramende neKanzuru yeCommon Agriculture Policy - i) paDirect Payments, ii) iyo Single Common Market Organisation (CMO), iii) Rural Development uye, iv) Mutemo wakatsetseka wekupa mari, kutonga uye kuongorora CAP. Komisheni yave kugadzirira ese akakodzera Akatumwa uye Kuita Mabasa kuitira kuti mitemo mitsva itange kushanda gore rinouya, kana kubva muna Ndira 2015 kune mazhinji ehurongwa hutsva hweDirect Payment. Yakasiyana "mitemo yeshanduko" ye2014 iri kukurukurwa uye inofanirwa kubvumidzwa neKanzuru neEuropean Paramende gore risati rapera,

Zvinhu zvikuru zvechibvumirano chezvematongerwo enyika zvinogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi:

1. Kubhadhara kwakananga

Kuti tiende kunogovera rutsigiro rwakaringana, hurongwa hweCAP hweDirect Payments huchabva pane imwe apo kugoverwa kwenhengo imwe neimwe - uye nemurimi wega wega ari munhengo yenhengo - kunobva pane zvakaitika kare. Izvi zvichareva kuenderana kwakajeka uye kwechokwadi kwekubhadhara kwete chete pakati penhengo dzenhengo, asiwo mukati menhengo dzenhengo. Pamusoro pezvo, kuunzwa kwe "Greening Payment" - uko 30% yehamvuropu yenyika iripo yakabatana nekupihwa kwemamwe maitiro ekurima anoenderera - zvinoreva kuti chikamu chakakosha cherubatsiro mune ramangwana chakabatana nekupa mubairo varimi mukupihwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinhu zveveruzhinji. Kubhadhara kwese kucharamba kuchienderana nekuremekedza mimwe mitemo yezvakatipoteredza nemimwe [ona "cross compliance" point 4 pazasi pehorizontal regulation].

The Basic Payment Scheme (BPS): nyika dzenhengo dzichapa inosvika makumi manomwe muzana emvuropu yenyika yeDirect Payments kuBasic Payment Scheme - kubvisa mari ipi neipi yakapihwa kune imwe mari yekuwedzera (Young Farmer top-ups, uye dzimwe sarudzo dzakadai seLess Favored Area top-ups, iyo Redistributive Payment) uye "mubhadharo wakabatanidzwa". Kune EU-70 inonetsekana, zuva rekupedzisira reiyo yakapfava, flat-rate Single Area Payments Scheme (SAPS) system ichawedzerwa kusvika 12.

Kuchinjana Kwekunze: Mahamvuropu emunyika ekubhadhara zvakananga kunhengo imwe neimwe yenyika achagadziridzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuitira kuti pasave nemukaha wakakura kudaro pakati penyika dziri nhengo muavhareji yemubhadharo pahekita. Izvi zvichareva kuti idzo nyika dzenhengo uko mubhadharo weavhareji (mu € pahekita) parizvino uri pasi pe90% yeavhareji yeEU ichaona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma muhamvuropu yavo (ne 1/3 yemusiyano pakati peyero yavo yazvino ne90% yeavhareji yeEU). Uyezve, pane vimbiso yokuti nhengo imwe neimwe yeNyika ichasvika pachiyero chiduku ne 2019. Mari inowanikwa kune dzimwe nhengo dzenhengo dzinogamuchira pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu huchagadziriswa zvakakodzera.

Internal Convergence: Idzo nyika dzenhengo dzinenge dzichichengetedza migove zvichibva pane zvakaitika kare dzinofanira kuenda kune mamwe mazinga akafanana emubhadharo wekutanga pahekita. Vanogona kusarudza kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana: kutora nzira yenyika, kana nzira yedunhu (zvichienderana nehutungamiri kana agronomic maitiro); kuwana chiyero chedunhu/nyika panosvika gore ra2019, kana kuona kuti mapurazi aya anowana isingasviki 90% yeavhareji yedunhu/nyika anoona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma (nechikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemusiyano uripo pakati peyero yazvino ne90% yeavhareji yenyika/dunhu) - nerumwe vimbiso yekuti mvumo yega yega yekubhadhara inosvika pamutengo wakaderera we60% weavhareji yenyika ne2019 kukosha kwekodzero). Mari inowanikwa kune varimi vanowana zvinopfuura avhareji yedunhu/nyika ichagadziriswa zvakaenzana, paine sarudzo yekuti nyika dziri nhengo dzidzikise chero "kurasika" kusvika makumi matatu%.

Nyika dziri nhengo dzinewo kodzero yekushandisa mubhadharo wekugovera mahekita ekutanga apo vanogona kutora kusvika ku30% yehamvuropu yenyika voigoverazve kuvarimi pamahekita avo makumi matatu ekutanga (kana kusvika paavhareji saizi yepurazi munyika yenhengo kana yakakwira kupfuura 30ha). Izvi zvichava neakakosha redistributive effect.

Kuderedzwa kwemubhadharo wemapurazi makuru : Chibvumirano chasvika pakumanikidzwa kudzikiswa kwemubhadharo wemapurazi ega ega pamusoro pe150 000 € ("degressivity"). Mukuita izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwerutsigiro hunopiwa nepurazi rega rega semubhadharo wekutanga huchadzikiswa neinosvika 5% pamari iri pamusoro pe150 000 €. Kuti utore nhoroondo yebasa, mari yemuhoro inogona kubviswa kuverengwa kusati kwaitwa. Kudzikiswa uku hakudi kushanda kunhengo dzenhengo dzinoshandisa "redistributive payment" pasi payo panosvika 5% yehamvuropu yavo yenyika inodzoserwa kugovewazve pamahekita ekutanga emapurazi ese. NB Mari "yakachengetwa" pasi pechirongwa ichi inogara munyika yenhengo/dunhu rine chekuita, uye yoendeswa kune imwe hamvuropu yeRural Development, uye inogona kushandiswa pasina chero mari inodiwa. Nyika dzenhengo zvakare dzine sarudzo yekuisa mari iyo chero murimi wega wega anogona kugashira pa300 000 €, achitorawo mari yemuhoro.

Varimi Vadiki: Kuti ukurudzire kuvandudzwa, Mari yeBasic Payment inopiwa kune vatsva varimi Vechidiki (vasina makore anopfuura makumi mana) inofanira kuwedzerwa nemubhadharo uripo kwenguva inopfuura makore mashanu (yakabatana nekutanga kuiswa). Izvi zvichapihwa mari inosvika 40% yehamvuropu yenyika uye ichave inomanikidzirwa kunhengo dzese dzenhengo. Izvi zviri pamusoro pemamwe matanho anowanikwa kuvarimi vechidiki pasi pezvirongwa zveRural Development.

Small Farmers Scheme: Inosarudzika kunyika dziri nhengo, chero murimi anenge achida rubatsiro anogona kusarudza kutora chikamu muChirongwa cheVarimi Vadiki obva agashira mubhadharo wepagore wakatarwa nenhengo yenhengo kazhinji iri pakati pe500 € ne1 250 €, zvisinei nekukura kwepurazi. Nyika dziri nhengo dzinogona kusarudza kubva munzira dzakasiyana dzekuverengera muripo wegore negore, kusanganisira sarudzo yekuti varimi vangowana mari yavaizogamuchira. Izvi zvichava kurerutsa kukuru kuvarimi vane chekuita navo uye kuhutungamiri hwenyika. Vatori vechikamu havazove pasi pekutonga-kutevedza mitemo uye zvirango, uye kusunungurwa kubva kugirini. (Ongororo yakaitwa yakaratidza kuti chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemapurazi ari kukumbira mari yeCAP ane nzvimbo inosvika mahekita matatu kana kuti pasi - asi izvi zvinotora chikamu che3% chete chenharaunda yese yekurima muEU-3.) Mari yese yeSmall Farmers Scheme inogona kusadarika gumi kubva muzana yehamvuropu yenyika, kunze kwekunge imwe nhengo yenyika inosarudza kuona kuti varimi vadiki vakagamuchira chirongwa ichi. Pachange painewo mari yeRural Development yekupa mazano kuvarimi vadiki ekusimudzira upfumi hwenyika pamwe nekumutsurudza mari yerubatsiro kumatunhu ane mapurazi madiki akadai.

Rutsigiro rwekuzvidira rwakabatanidzwa: Kuti uchengetedze huwandu hwazvino hwekugadzirwa muzvikamu kana matunhu ane mhando dzekurima kana zvikamu zvinosangana nematambudziko uye zvakakosha kune zvehupfumi uye/kana zvemagariro uye/kana zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza, nyika dzenhengo dzichava nesarudzo yekupa huwandu hushoma hwekubhadhara "kwakabatana", kureva mubhadharo wakabatana nechimwe chigadzirwa. Izvi zvichangogumira kusvika pa8% yehamvuropu yenyika, kana kusvika pa13% kana nhanho iripo yerutsigiro rwakabatana munhengo yenhengo yakakwira kupfuura 5%.Komisheni ine shanduko yekubvumidza mwero wepamusoro panenge wakakodzera. Pane mukana wekupa imwe mari (inosvika 2%) ye "akabatanidzwa" rutsigiro rwezvirimwa zveprotein.

Nzvimbo dzine Natural Constraints (ANCs) /Nzvimbo Dzisingafadzi (LFAs): Nyika dzenhengo (kana matunhu) dzinogona kupa imwe mari yekubhadhara kunzvimbo dzine zvimhingamipinyi (sezvinotsanangurwa pasi pemitemo yeRural Development) inosvika 5% yehamvuropu yenyika. Izvi ndezvekusarudza uye hazvikanganisi sarudzo dzeANC/LFA dziripo pasi peRural Development.

Greening: Pamusoro peBasic Payment Scheme/SAPS, imwe neimwe inobata ichawana mubhadharo pahekita yakaziviswa nechinangwa chemubhadharo wekutanga wekuremekedza mamwe maitiro ekurima anobatsira mamiriro ekunze uye nharaunda. Nyika dziri nhengo dzichashandisa 30% yehamvuropu yavo yenyika kuitira kubhadhara izvi. Izvi zvinosungirwa uye kutadza kuremekedza zvinodiwa neGreening kunozokonzera kudzikiswa uye zvirango izvo zvingangopfuura mubhadharo weGreening. Mumakore 1 & 2 chirango chekurima girini chinogona kusapfuura 0%, 20% mugore rechitatu uye kubva rechina chirango chakanyanya chakaiswa chichava 25%. Ehe, muripo wegirinhi unongopihwa kune idzo nzvimbo dzinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu (kureva kuve wakakodzera kuBPS kana SAPS, kuremekedza zvisungo zvegreening).

Nzvimbo dziri pasi pekugadzirwa kwe organic, inova sisitimu yekugadzira ine inozivikanwa mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza, ichaonekwa sekuzadzisa mamiriro ekugamuchira mubhadharo wegirinhi, pasina zvimwe zvinodiwa.

Iwo matatu maitiro ekutanga anoonekwa ndeaya:

1. Kuchengetedza uswa husingagumi;
2. kusiyana-siyana kwezvirimwa (murimi anofanira kurima mbesa dzinenge 2 kana munda wake wekurima ukapfuura mahekita gumi uye mbesa dzinenge 10 kana munda wake wekurima wapfuura mahekita 3. Chirimwa chikuru chinogona kufukidza chikamu chikuru che30% chevhu rinorimika, uye zvirimwa zvikuru zviviri zvakanyanya 75% yenzvimbo inorimwa), uye;
3. kuve nechokwadi che "ecological focus area" inokwana 5% yenzvimbo inorimika yenzvimbo yekuchengetera mapurazi mazhinji ane nzvimbo inorimika yakakura kupfuura mahekita gumi nemashanu - kureva miganho yeminda, hedge, miti, ivhu rakarimwa, maumbirwo enzvimbo, biotopes, buffer strips, nzvimbo yesango. Huwandu uhu hunogona kukwira kusvika pa15% mushure meshumo yeKomisheni muna 7 uye zvichienderana nechikumbiro chemutemo.

Kuenzana kweGreening: Kuitira kudzivirira kuranga avo vanotogadzirisa nyaya dzezvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza, chibvumirano chinofanoona "Greening equivalency" sisitimu umo kushandiswa kwemaitiro anobatsira kwezvakatipoteredza kunoonekwa sekutsiva izvi zvakakosha zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, agri-environment schemes anogona kubatanidza maitiro anoonekwa seakaenzana. Murairo mutsva une runyoro rwemaitiro akaenzana akadaro. Kuti udzivise "rubatsiro rwemari kaviri" yezviyero zvakadaro (uye chero zvirongwa zvekurima-zvakatipoteredza zvakajairika), kubhadhara kuburikidza nehurongwa hweRD kunofanirwa kufunga nezvekutanga kusvibira zvinodiwa [ona RD chikamu pazasi].

Chirango cheMari: zvisinei nesarudzo yakaparadzana yegore rebhajeti ra2014, zvakabvumiranwa kuti chero ramangwana reKurangwa kweMari mukubhadhara kwakananga kwegore (kureva kuti kana fungidziro yekubhadhara yakakwira kupfuura bhajeti iripo yeMbiru yekutanga) inofanira kushandisa chikumbaridzo che € 1 2. Mune mamwe mazwi, kuderedzwa kwaisazoshanda kune yekutanga 000 2 purazi Payment Direct . Izvi zvichabatsirawo kudyisa Market Crisis reserve pazvinenge zvakakodzera [ona yakachinjika mutemo].

Kuendesa mari pakati peMbiru: nyika dzenhengo dzichave nemukana wekuendesa kusvika ku15% yehamvuropu yavo yenyika yeDirect Payments (1st Pillar) kune yavo Rural Development envelopu. Mari iyi haizodi kuti ishandiswe pamwe chete. Nyika dziri nhengo dzichavawo nesarudzo yekuendesa inosvika gumi neshanu muzana yehamvuropu yavo yenyika yeRural Development kune yavo Direct Payments envelopu, kana inosvika makumi maviri neshanu muzana kune idzo nhengo dzenhengo dzinowana isingasviki makumi mapfumbamwe muzana evhareji yeEU yekubhadhara zvakananga.

Varimi vakashinga: Kuti vabvise maburi emutemo akati wandei ayo aita kuti makambani mashoma atore Direct Payments, kunyangwe basa ravo rekutanga risiri rekurima, shanduko inosimbisa mutemo kune varimi vanoshanda. Rondedzero nyowani yakashata yezviitwa zvebhizinesi zvehunyanzvi izvo zvinofanirwa kubviswa kubva pakugamuchira Direct Payments (inovhara nhandare dzendege, njanji masevhisi, mabasa emvura, masevhisi ezvivakwa uye zvekusingaperi zvemitambo & nzvimbo dzekutandarira) ichave inosungirwa kunhengo dzenhengo, kunze kwekunge bhizinesi rega rega rinogona kuratidza kuti vane basa rekurima rechokwadi. Nyika dzenhengo dzichakwanisa kuwedzera rondedzero isina kunaka kuti ibatanidze mamwe mabasa ebhizinesi.

Mahekita anokodzera - Mitemo inofanoona kugadzwa kwa2015 segore idzva rereferensi yenzvimbo inopa kodzero yekugovewa kwekodzero dzekubhadhara, asi pachange paine chinongedzo kune vanozobatsirwa nehurongwa hwekubhadhara zvakananga muna 2013 kuitira kudzivirira fungidziro. Nyika dzenhengo dzinogona kuona kuwedzera kukuru munzvimbo yakanzi inokodzera dzinobvumidzwa kudzikisira huwandu hwekodzero dzekubhadhara dzichagoverwa muna 2015.

2. Nzira dzekugadzirisa misika

Nemukaka wemukaka uchipera muna 2015, shanduko inofanoona kupera kwehugaro hwehuga munaGunyana 30, 2017, ichisimbisa chiratidzo cheiyo 2005 shanduko yeshuga yekuisa zuva rekupedzisira rekutonga kweiyo quota ichibvumira imwe nguva yekuti chikamu ichi chigadzirise. Izvi zvinogonesa kukwikwidza kwakavandudzwa kwevagadziri veEU pamusika wepamba uye wepasi rose zvakafanana (sezvo zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinoganhurirwa nemitemo yeWTO pasi pemakota). Izvi zvichapawo chikamu nemaonero enguva refu. Kuwanikwa kwakawanda pamisika yepamba yeEU nemitengo inonzwisisika kuchabatsirawo vashandisi vepakati uye vekupedzisira veshuga. Kuti tipe kuchengetedzwa kwakawedzerwa, zvibvumirano zvezvibvumirano pakati pemafekitari eshuga nevarimi zvichachengetwa. Kwenguva mushure me quotas, shuga chena icharamba ichikodzera kune yakavanzika yekuchengetedza rubatsiro. Nyika zhinji dzichiri kusimukira dzicharamba dzichiwana mukana usina muganho wemahara kumusika weEU.

Pakugadzirwa kwewaini, chibvumirano chinoremekedza danho rekuvandudzwa kwewaini muna 2006 rekugumisa hurongwa hwekodzero dzekudyara waini pakupera kwa2015, nekuunzwa kwehurongwa hwemvumo yekudyara mizambiringa mitsva kubva muna 2016 - sezvakakurudzirwa neHigh Level Group paWaini muna Zvita wapfuura (ona. IP/13/1378) - nekukura kunogumira ku1% pagore.

Zvimwe zvigadziriso kumitemo yeSinge Common Market Organisation (CMO) ine chinangwa chekuvandudza kutariswa kwemusika wekurima kweEU maererano nekuwedzera kwemakwikwi pamisika yepasirese, uku ichipa mambure ekuchengetedza evarimi mumamiriro ezvinhu ekusava nechokwadi kwekunze (pamwe chete nekubhadhara kwakananga uye sarudzo dzekutonga njodzi pasi pebudiriro yekumaruwa). Nzira dziripo dzekupindira kwevanhu uye rubatsiro rwekuchengetedzwa kwepachivande rinodzokororwa kuti rive rinoteerera uye rinonyanya kushanda, semuenzaniso nekugadzirisa unyanzvi hwemombe uye mukaka. Zvemukaka, shanduko idzi - kutenga-munguva yakawedzerwa nemwedzi 1, otomatiki kunyorova bhotela & SMP kupfuura sirin'i, kuwedzera kwebhota sirin'i kusvika 50 000 tonnes, uye inogoneka yekuchengetera yakavanzika yeSMP & imwe PDO/PGI cheese - huya mukuwedzera kune 2012 "Milk Package" iyo inobatanidzwa muMutemo uye kusimbisa chibvumirano chevarimi.

Uyezve, zvinyorwa zvitsva zvekuchengetedza zvinotangwa kumapoka ose kuitira kuti Komisheni iite matanho ekukurumidzira kuti apindure kune kuvhiringidzika kwemusika mukuru - sematanho akatorwa panguva ye-e-coli dambudziko muna May-July 2011. Aya matanho achabhadharwa kubva kuCrisis Reserve inobhadharwa gore negore kuderedza kubhadhara kwakananga. Mari isina kushandiswa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri ichadzorerwa kuvarimi mugore rinotevera. Kana paine kusaenzana kwakanyanya mumusika, Komisheni inogona zvakare kupa mvumo masangano evagadziri kana masangano ari pakati pemapazi, achiremekedza dziviriro dzakananga, kutora mamwe matanho enguva pfupi pamwe chete (semuenzaniso kubviswa kwemusika kana kuchengetwa nevashandisi vakazvimiririra) kudzikamisa chikamu chine chekuita.

The School Fruit Scheme uye Chikoro chemukaka chirongwa chichawedzerwa, uye bhajeti repagore rechikoro chemichero chechikoro rinowedzerwa kubva paEUR 90 kusvika EUR 150 miriyoni pagore.

Kuti vavandudze nzvimbo yevarimi yenhaurirano mucheni yechikafu, Komisheni iri kutsvaga sangano riri nani rezvikamu zvine kushomeka kushoma kumutemo wemakwikwi weEU. Mitemo ine chekuita nekucherechedzwa kweMasangano eVagadziri (POs) uye masangano ari pakati pemapazi ave kubata zvikamu zvese - paine dzimwe nzira dzekutangisa masangano akadaro dzava kuendeswa kumari yeRural Development (ona pazasi). Pamusoro pezvo, mukana wekuti varimi vataurirane pamwe chete zvibvumirano zvekupihwa kwemafuta emuorivhi, nyama yemombe, zviyo uye zvimwe zvirimwa zvinorimwa zvinofanofanoona mune mamwe mamiriro nedziviriro. Komisheni ichapa nhungamiro pamusoro pezvingangoitika zvine chekuita nemutemo wemakwikwi. Vagadziri vehams yakavharwa neinodzivirirwa geographical chiratidzo kana dhinominesheni yekwakabva vanogona pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kudzora kupihwa kwechigadzirwa kumusika.

Muchido chekurerutsa uye kutariswa kwemusika, akati wandei ezvirongwa zvidiki kana zvisina kushandiswa zvinobviswa (rubatsiro rwekushandisa mukaka wakanyungudutswa uye skimmed mukaka poda mukudya kwemhuka uye casein, pamwe nerubatsiro rwemakonye esirika!)

3. Kubudirira kwekumaruwa

Rural development policy icharamba ichichengeta hwaro hwayo hwazvino, hwakabudirira pfungwa: Nyika dzenhengo kana matunhu acharamba achigadzira zvirongwa zvawo zvepagore zvakasiyana-siyana pahwaro hwemenu yematanho anowanikwa padanho reEU - vachipindura zvinodiwa nenzvimbo dzavo dzekumaruwa. Aya mapurogiramu achave achitsigirwa nemari kubva kumavhopu enyika - uko mari uye mazinga ekubhadhara mari ichabatwa mukati memamiriro ezvinhu eMFF. Mitemo mitsva yeMbiru yechipiri inopa nzira inoshanduka kupfuura ikozvino. Matanho haacharongedzerwe padanho reEU kuita "matemo" ane hukama hushoma hwekushandisa mari paaxis. Pane kudaro, zvichange zviri kunhengo dzenhengo/matunhu kuti vasarudze kuti ndedzipi nhanho dzavanoshandisa (uye sei) kuitira kuti vakwanise kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvakatarwa zvichipesana ne "zvakakosha" zvitanhatu zvakakura uye "nzvimbo dzekutarisa" dzakadzama (zvidiki-zvinokosha), pahwaro hwekuongorora kwakanaka. Izvo zvitanhatu zvinonyanya kukosha zvichavhara: Kukurudzira kufambiswa kweruzivo nekuvandudza; Kuwedzera kukwikwidza kwemarudzi ese ekurima uye kuchengetwa kwemasango kwakasimba; Kukurudzira hurongwa hwekudya, kusanganisira kugadzirisa uye kushambadzira, & kutonga kwenjodzi; Kudzoreredza, kuchengetedza & kusimudzira ecosystems; Kukurudzira kushanda kwezviwanikwa & shanduko kune yakaderera-kabhoni hupfumi; uye Kukurudzira kubatanidzwa kwevanhu, kuderedza urombo uye kubudirira kwehupfumi mumaruwa. Nyika dziri nhengo dzichafanira kushandisa chikamu che2% chemari yadzo yebudiriro yekumaruwa kubva kubhajeti reEU pane mamwe matanho ane chekuita nekutonga kwevhu uye kurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, pamwe ne30% pamaitiro e LEADER. [Kune 5%, izvi zvinobata Matanho anobatanidzwa achave: Kuisa mari muzvinhu zvinobatika (zvakatipoteredza-/zvekudyara zvine chekuita nemamiriro ekunze chete); matanho ose emasango; Agri-environment-climate; Organic farming; Natura 30 kubhadhara (kwete Water Framework Directive kubhadhara); uye Kubhadhara kunzvimbo dzakatarisana nechisikigo kana zvimwe zvipingaidzo.]

Rural Development policy ichashanda zvakare mukubatana pamwe nemamwe marongero kuburikidza neEU-level Common Strategic Framework uye kuburikidza nePartnership Agreements padanho renyika rinofukidza rutsigiro rwese kubva kuEuropean Structural and Investment (ESI) mari (iyo EAFRD, ERDF, Cohesion Fund, ESF uye EMFF) munhengo yenhengo.

Migove yeNyika: Rural Development migove yedunhu rega rega inosanganisirwa muBasic Regulation, asi paine mukana wekugadzirisa huwandu uhu kuburikidza neChiito chakatumwa kana zvichidikanwa nehunyanzvi kana kupihwa nemutemo wemutemo.

Co-maring rates: Iyo yakanyanya EU co-mari yemitengo ichasvika ku85% munzvimbo dzisina kusimukira, matunhu ekunze uye zvitsuwa zvidiki zveAegean, 75% munzvimbo dzekuchinja, 63% mune mamwe matunhu ekuchinja uye 53% mune mamwe matunhu ekubhadhara kwakawanda, asi inogona kunge yakakwira kune matanho anotsigira kuendesa ruzivo kwevadiki, kuisirwa uye kugadziridza mapoka evadiki. kana zviri zve LEADER zvirongwa uye zvekushandisa zvine chekuita nemhoteredzo nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pasi pezviyero zvakasiyana.

Munguva itsva, nhengo dzenhengo/matunhu achavewo nemukana wekugadzira madiki-programme kuti atarise zvakadzama nyaya dzakaita sevarimi vechidiki, mapurazi madiki, nzvimbo dzemakomo, vakadzi vekumaruwa, kudzikisira kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze / kugadzirisa, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye mashopu mashoma. Mareti erutsigiro epamusoro achawanikwa mukati mezvirongwa zvishoma mune dzimwe nguva.

Iyo yakagadziridzwa menyu yezviyero ichavaka pane yakasimba pfungwa dzezviyero zviripo munguva ino. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, ichafukidza:

1. Innovation: Iri dingindira rakakosha (uye kunyanya yakarongwa European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural Productivity & Sustainability - iyo "EIP") ichashandirwa neakasiyana siyana ebudiriro yekumaruwa akadai se "ruzivo rwekufambisa", "kushandira pamwe" uye "kudyara muzvinhu zvinobatika". EIP ichasimudzira kushanda zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa, goho uye kudzikira-upfu uye kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze/-kusimba kusimudzira kwekurima nemasango. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuwanikwa, pakati pezvimwe, kuburikidza nekudyidzana kukuru pakati pekurima netsvakiridzo kuitira kukurumidza kuendesa tekinoroji kuvarimi;
2. Ruzivo - "ruzivo-rwakavakirwa kurima": Matanho akasimbiswa eFarm Advisory Services (zvakare akabatana nekuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kugadzirisa, kumatambudziko ezvakatipoteredza uye nekusimudzira hupfumi nekudzidziswa);
3. Kugadziridzazve purazi / kudyara / kuita zvechizvino-zvino: Rubatsiro ruchiri kuwanikwa - dzimwe nguva nemitengo yepamusoro yerutsigiro kana yakabatana neEIP kana mapurojekiti akabatanidzwa;
4. Varimi vechidiki - Musanganiswa wematanho anogona kusanganisira rubatsiro rwekutanga bhizinesi (kusvika € 70,000), kuisirwa mari muzvinhu zvenyama, kudzidziswa uye masevhisi ekuraira;
5. Varimi vadiki: Rubatsiro rwekutanga bhizinesi kusvika € 15,000 papurazi diki;
6. Risk management toolkit: Inishuwarenzi & mutual funds - yezvirimwa & yeinishuwarenzi yemamiriro ekunze, chirwere chemhuka [chiri kuwanikwa pasi peChisungo 68 muMbiru yekutanga] - yakawedzerwa kuti ibatanidze sarudzo yekudzikamisa mari (iyo inobvumira kubhadhara (kusvika 1% yekurasikirwa) kubva muhomwe yemubatanidzwa kana mari yakaderera ne70%);
7. Mapoka evagadziri / masangano: Tsigiro yekumisikidza mapoka / masangano pahwaro hwehurongwa hwebhizinesi uye inogumira kune masangano anotsanangurwa seSMEs;
8. Agri-environment - kubhadharwa kwemamiriro ekunze: Zvibvumirano zvakabatana, kubatanidza kune kudzidziswa kwakakwana / ruzivo, kushanduka kukuru kana uchiwedzera zvibvumirano zvekutanga;
9. Organic Farming: Chiyero chitsva chakaparadzana chekuonekwa zvakanyanya;
10. Forestry: Tsigiro yakasimbiswa / yakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nerubatsiro uye mubhadharo wegore negore;
11. Nzvimbo dzemakomo: Kunzvimbo dzemakomo uye minda yekurima pamusoro pe62º N, mari yekubatsira inogona kusvika ku450 €/ha (yakawedzera kubva ku250 €/ha);
12. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzakatarisana nechisikigo & zvimwe zvipingaidzo zvakati: Kuganhurwa kutsva kweNzvimbo dzine Natural Constraints (ANC) - nemhedzisiro kubva muna 2018 munguva pfupi yapfuura - zvichibva pa8 biophysical maitiro; nyika dzenhengo dzinochengeta kuchinjika kutsanangura kusvika kugumi muzana yenzvimbo yavo yekurima kune zvipingaidzo zvekuchengetedza kana kuvandudza nharaunda;
13. Kushandirapamwe: Mikana yakawedzerwa yekutsigira kudyidzana kwetekinoroji, kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvekutengesa (semuenzaniso mapurojekiti ekuyedza, zvirongwa zvakabatana zvezvakatipoteredza, kusimudzira macheni ekutenga mapfupi uye misika yemuno);
14. Zviitiko zvisiri zvekurima: Rubatsiro rwekutanga nekusimudzira mabhizinesi madiki nemadiki;
15. Masevhisi ekutanga uye kuvandudzwa kwemusha: Kudyara mubroadband zvivakwa uye simba rinodzokororwa rinogona kupfuura diki-diki, kutamiswa kwezviitiko / shanduko yezvivakwa zvavharwa zvino;
16. MUTUNGAMIRIRI: Kusimbisa kukuru pakusimudzira ruzivo uye kumwe kutsigirwa kwegadziriro yemazano; kukurudzira kushanduka kwekushanda nedzimwe mari munzvimbo dzemunharaunda, kureva kushandira pamwe kwemaruwa-madhorobha; NB LEADER yave kushandiswa senzira yakajairika yebudiriro yenharaunda inotungamirwa nenharaunda neanotevera Mari dzeESI: ERDF, ESF, EMFF neEAFRD.

4. Horizontal regulation

Kudzora: Kudzora zvinodiwa zvichadzikiswa munzvimbo umo macheki apfuura aratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka, kureva kuti mitemo iri kuremekedzwa. Nekudaro, macheki achada kuwedzerwa munzvimbo dzine matambudziko.

Farm Advisory Service: Rondedzero yenyaya idzo nyika dzenhengo dzichazopa mazano kuvarimi yakawedzerwa kuti ivhare, kunze kwekutevedzwa, mubhadharo wakanangana negirini, mamiriro ekuchengetedza ivhu rinokodzera kubhadharwa zvakananga, iyo Water Framework uye Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directives, pamwe nemamwe matanho ekusimudzira kumaruwa.

Kutevedzana: Kubhadhara kwese kwakananga, kumwe kubhadharwa kwekusimudzira kumaruwa uye kumwe kubhadharwa kwemizambiringa kucharamba kwakabatana neruremekedzo rwehuwandu hwezvinodiwa nemutemo zvine chekuita nenharaunda, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, mamiriro ekurima akanaka evhu, hutano hwevanhu, mhuka nezvirimwa uye kugara zvakanaka kwemhuka. Rondedzero iri rakarerutswa kuti isabatanidze mitemo apo pasina zvisungo zvakajeka uye zvinodzoreka kuvarimi. Chibvumirano ichi chinotsinhira kuti Water Framework and the Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directives zvichaiswa mucross-compliance system kana zvaratidzwa kuti zvakashandiswa nemazvo munyika dzose dziri nhengo, uye zvinosungirwa kuvarimi zvanyatsoonekwa.

Crisis reserve : Dambudziko rekuchengetedza richagadzirwa gore rega rega nemari inosvika mazana mana emamiriyoni eeuro (mumitengo ya400) nekushandisa chirango chemari. Kana mari iyi ikasashandiswa padambudziko inodzoserwa kuvarimi semiripo yakananga mugore rinotevera.

Kujeka: Nyika dziri nhengo dzinofanirwa kupa pachena kuzere kune vese vanobatsirikana - kunze kweiyo mapurazi anokodzera kupinda muSmall Farmers Scheme mudunhu iri nhengo. Kune aya mapurazi, data ichapihwa asi isina zita kana kero. Izvi zvinoremekedza zvizere mutongo weDare waGumiguru 2010 uyo wakataura kuti mitemo iripo yanga isingaremekedze mitemo yekuvanzika kwedata kune vanhu venyama.

Kutariswa & Kuongorora kweCAP: Komisheni ichapa mushumo gore ra2018 risati rapera - uye makore mana ega ega mushure mazvo - pamusoro pekushanda kweCAP maererano nezvinangwa zvayo zvikuru - kugadzirwa kwechikafu kunoshanda, kutonga kwakasimba kwezviwanikwa, uye budiriro yenharaunda.

5. Zvimwe zvinhu

Alignment: Panyaya yekuenderera mberi nekuita, nyaya dzakati wandei dzine chekuita neSingle CMO regulation dzakadomwa sepasi pemvumo pasi peChisungo 43(3) nezvimwe pasi peChisungo 43(2).

Hurongwa hweshanduko: Chinangwa ndechekuti Mitemo yese mitsva itange kushanda kubva muna Ndira 1, 2014 - uye Komisheni zvino inogona kutanga basa rekuita mitemo yeKanzuru iyi. Zvisinei, nekugadzirira kwakakodzera, zvatova pachena kuti nhengo yenyika Paying Agencies haina nguva yakakwana yekuve nehutongi hunodiwa uye hutongi hwehurongwa hutsva hwekubhadhara zvakananga panzvimbo yekutanga kwegore rinotevera (apo mafomu eIACS anotumirwa kune varimi). Nekuda kwaizvozvi, Komisheni yaita chirevo chakasiyana chekuti pave neshanduko yegore reDirect Payments muna 2014. Nekumwe kutaura, zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita seGreening neYoung Farmers top-up zvichashanda chete kubva muna 2015 zvichienda mberi. Zvakadai, nyika dzenhengo dzesangano iri dzinokurudzirwa kushanda muzvirongwa zvadzo zvepagore zveRural Development, izvo zvinofanirwa kutambirwa kutanga kwegore rinouya. Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvepagore, zvakadai sekubhadhara kwekurima-environment, mitemo yekushandura inofanira kushanda kuitira kuti pasave nekukanganiswa mumhando iyi yechirongwa.

Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tinya pano.

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