'Kuvaka Nuclear Weapon Yemahara Nyika', musangano wepasi rose ichaitwa musi wa29 Nyamavhuvhu, yakwezva vanhu vakuru kubva kunyika dzine zvombo zvenyukireya, pamwe nenyika dzisiri dzenyukireya. Musangano uyu uchaunganidza vamiriri veparamende, vamiriri vemasangano epasi rose, vanorwira rusununguko, nyanzvi, pamwe nemameya nenhepfenyuro kubva pasi rose - anonyora Aiman Turebekova we Astana Times.
Global Coordinator of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament (PNND) Alyn Ware, akagamuchira 2009 Right Livelihood Award (Alternative Nobel Peace Prize), mumwe wevarongi vakabatikana. Pakati pemamwe mabasa ake pamusangano uyu, achaita kuenzanisa chikamu chedare 'Nuclear test ban uye basa reUnited Nations mukuwana zvombo zvenyukireya'. Astana Times vakamubvunza mibvunzo yakati wandei ine chekuita nemamiriro akaita zvinhu pasi rose maererano nekushomeka kwezvombo zvenyukireya.
Alyn Ware
Ngozi dzezvombo zvenyukireya dziri kushandiswa nenyika dzezvombo zvenyukireya, dzingava netsaona kana kuti nokuverenga zvisizvo, dzakakura sengozi dzokushandiswa kwezvombo zvenyukireya nemaune. Zviuru zvezvombo zvavo zviri munzvimbo yakakwirira yakangwarira (yagadzirira kutangwa mukati memaminitsi), pakutanga-payambiro mitemo uye nehurumende dzakagadzirira kuburitsa zvombo zvenyukireya kunyangwe dzikasatarisana nekurwisa kwenyukireya kuri pedyo (mashandisirwo ekutanga). Kanenge ka15, tasvika mukati menguva yakati rebei yekuchinjana kwenyukireya pakati peRussia neUnited States.
Saka, danho rekutanga renyika dzine zvombo zvenyukireya kumisa mauto adzo enyukireya, votaura kuti havangambove vekutanga kuburitsa zvombo zvenyukireya, vopinda munhaurirano dzekurambidza nekubvisa zvombo pasi pehutongi hwakasimba uye hunobudirira. Izvi hazvizongoderedzi njodzi yehondo yenyukireya pakati penyika, asi zvichaitawo kuti magandanga akwanise kuwana kana kugadzira chombo chenyukireya. Hapachazovizve nezvombo zvenyukireya zvokuti magandanga aba, uye zvinhu zvose zvinoputika zvichachengetedzwa.
Ndeipi basa rePNND mundima iyi?
PNND isangano remapato eparamende kubva pasirese rinoshanda pazvirongwa, mitemo uye zvimwe zvirongwa kudzivirira kuwanda kwenyukireya, kuderedza njodzi dzenyukireya uye kuwana nyika isina zvombo zvenyukireya. PNND inoshanda pamwe nekubatana neUnited Nations, Inter Parliamentary Union (IPU), Paramende Assembly yeSangano Rokuchengetedza uye Kudyidzana muEurope (OSCE PA) nemamwe masangano epasi rose kuvaka kushandira pamwe pakusaparadzirisa uye kubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Vazhinji venhengo dzedu vane zvinzvimbo zvakakosha - zvakaita semakurukota ekunze, vatauri / vatungamiri veparamende, masachigaro ezvekune dzimwe nyika uye makomiti edziviriro, mapurezidhendi ematare eparamende akadai seIPU neOSCE PA, uye masangano epasi rese akadai saPresident weUN General Assembly.
Asi kunyange idzo nhengo dzisina zvinzvimbo zvakakosha dzinogona kuita mutsauko nekusimudzira manzwi adzo, kuronga zviitiko nezvirongwa zveparamende, kumutsa mibvunzo kana zvikumbiro muparamende uye kushanda pamwe nemasangano akazvimirira mumisangano yepasi rose.
PNND murongi pamwe chete wemusangano wepasi rose '.Kuvaka Nyika Yezvombo Yenyukireya'. Nei wakatsigira danho rekuita chiitiko chakadaro muKazakhstan? Ndeipi nheyo huru yemusangano?
Kazakhstan yakatungamira nemuenzaniso panyaya iyi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvhara nzvimbo yeSemipalatinsk nuclear test site, yanga iri nzvimbo yekutanga yekuyedza zvombo zvenyukireya zveSoviet Union, kudzosera zvombo zvenyukireya zvese muKazakhstan (ingangoita 1,500) kuRussia kuti zvibviswe, kutaurirana. Nuclear Weapon Yemahara Zone nedzimwe nyika dzeCentral Asia, zvichiita kuti UN General Assembly itange Zuva reInternational Day Against Nuclear Tests, kutanga Iyo ATOM Project kudzidzisa nyika nezvekubatsira kwevanhu kwezvombo zvenyukireya uye kunyora a Kuzivisa Kwepasirese KweNyika Yezvombo Zvenyukireya, iyo yakagamuchirwa neUN General Assembly muna Zvita 2015.
Vamiriri veParamende, hurumende nevamiriri vemasangano akazvimirira oga vanogona kudzidza kubva nekukurudzirwa nemuenzaniso uyu. Zvakadaro, kuti nyika dzine zvombo zvenyukireya dzikwanise kutevedzera muenzaniso uyu, vamiriri veparamende vanofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete nemameya, vatungamiriri vezvitendero, vaimbove vakuru vakuru nevatungamiriri vemauto nevamwe vamiriri vane simba vemasangano akazvimirira. Aya ndiwo matunhu atiri kuunganidza muAstana kumusangano musi waAug. 29.
Kazakhstan nenyika zvakagadzirirwa kucherechedza makore makumi maviri neshanu ekuvharwa kweSemipalatinsk nuclear test site. Nyika yakatungamira muchirongwa chepasi rose chekuenda kune nyika isina zvombo zvenyukireya. Mutungamiri Nursultan Nazarbayev vakaburitsa Manifesto yavo vachitara hurongwa hwenyika isina zvombo zvenyukireya panosvika 2045. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chakasiyana chenyika. Nekudaro, kuchine zvakapoteredza 16,000 zvombo zvenyukireya munyika. Chii chingaitwe nenharaunda dzepasi rose kuchengetedza nyika kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera?
Manifesto "Nyika. The 21st Century" iyo ichangobva kubudiswa neMutungamiri Nazarbayev inobatsira zvikuru kune chinangwa chenyika isina zvombo zvenyukireya uye kugumisa hondo. Manifesto inoziva kuti pane hukama pakati pezvinangwa zviviri izvi. Kutyisidzirwa kwechisimba nehondo ndiko kwaita kuti dzimwe nyika dzitore zvombo zvenyukireya kuti dzidzivise. Asi iyi haisi mhinduro, sezvo kutorwa chaiko kwezvombo zvenyukireya kuchigona kuwedzera tyisidziro kune dzimwe nyika uye kuita kuti kusawirirana nehondo kuenderere mberi.
Manifesto inoratidza imwe nzira - nzira iri pakati penheyo yeUN uye yakabatanidzwa muUN Charter. Uye ndiko kudzivirira hondo kwete nekutyisidzira kuparadzwa kwevamwe uye kuparadzwa kwebudiriro yevanhu, asi nekushandisa kuchengetedzwa kwakafanana uye nzira dzemitemo yepasirese dzakadai sedhipatimendi, kutaurirana, kuyananisira, kukwikwidzana uye kutonga. Uye kutsigira izvi kuburikidza nekutonga kwezvombo kwakasimbiswa uye kubvisa zvombo uye nekugadzirisa nyaya dzekusaenzana kwakanyanya kana kusarongeka pakati penyika.
PNND yakabatana neMayor for Peace uye mamwe makiyi network kuti amise UNFOLD ZERO, ipuratifomu yepasi rose yekusimudzira basa reUN mukuzadzisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa zveUNFOLD ZERO zvine chekuita nemaitiro akatsanangurwa mumanifesto.
Ungagovera ruzivo rwako pachako rwekubatana nesangano rekubvisa zvombo zvenyukireya pasi rose?
Ndakanga ndichidzidzira kuva mudzidzisi muNew Zealand pandakatanga kuziva nezve njodzi yekuedza kwenyukireya muPacific - nharaunda yedu. Aya mabhomba akanga achiparadza zvakapetwa kagumi kana mazana kupfuura mabhomba akaparadza Hiroshima neNagasaki. Kukuvadzwa kwehutano hwevakadzi, vana nevamwe kunobva mukuedzwa kwenyukireya muMarshall Islands, French Polynesia, Christmas Island neAustralia (Maralinga) yakandivhundutsa - uye yakaratidza kuti kana izvi zviri izvo zvinokonzerwa nekuputika kwenyukireya kwakaputika kure kubva kuvanhu munguva yerunyararo, mhedzisiro yezvombo zvenyukireya muhondo ingave isingafungidzike uye isati yamboitika.
Panguva iyo nyika yangu yaive chikamu chemubatanidzwa wenyukireya, sezvo vanhu vazhinji vaitenda kuti zvombo zvenyukireya zvaive zvakakosha kuti zvidzivise. Saka ndakapinda munhimbe yokudzidzisa vanhu vedu nezvezvombo uye kuita kuti hurumende irambidze zvombo. Isu tave nemutemo wakasimba wekubvisa nyukireya pasi rose, unotsigirwa nemunhu wese munyika, uye takatangisa akati wandei epasi rose. Muna 1992, ndakakumbirwa kuenda kuUN kuNew York kuti nditungamire chimwe chezvirongwa izvi - chirevo chekuendesa nyaya yezvombo zvenyukireya kuDare Renyika Dzepasi Pose. Isu takakunda nyaya uye izvi zvakabatsira kuvaka rutsigiro rwezvombo zvenyukireya muUN nepasirese.
