Kukwikwidza Hunhu hweMuslim kuti Vaone Kupinda kweRussia Munharaunda yeIndonesia-Malaysia Vechidiki vechiMuslim 

Kupinda kweRussia kuUkraine kwaunza mhinduro dzakakura kubva kunharaunda dzepasirese. MuIndonesia, takaziva 6,280 tweets mukutsigira Russia pakutanga kwekupinda kwe2022. Zvichakadaro, kumwe kutsvagurudza kunoti maMalaysian netizens akagadzira 1,142 pro-Russian tweets uye akawanda epaFacebook zvinyorwa.

Kubva pane iri pamusoro data, Indonesian neMalaysian social media vashandisi ratidza kuvarairwa kubva mukukurukura nezvekuparadza kukanganiswa kwekupinda uye panzvimbo pacho tarisa pane zvepamusoro chimiro chezvinyorwa zvavanodya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vateereri vari panjodzi yekuratidzwa kune zvinyorwa zvinoshandura pfungwa dzavo kubva pachokwadi chehondo kuenda kumaonero emutadzi.

Tsvagiridzo yedu yakaona kuti vashandisi vesocial media vakataura nhoroondo dzechiIslam kuratidza kutsigira kwavo kurwisa uku. Kuti tiongorore pfungwa iyi zvakare, takaita Focus Group Discussion (FGD) nevadzidzi vanobva kumayunivhesiti maviri echiIslam muIndonesia neMalaysia. Takazobatanidza zvakawanikwa na online ongororo data iyo yakagoverwa kune vakawanda vateereri mumatunhu ese ari maviri. Tichifunga kuti social media inogona kukanganisa ruzha rwevanhu, muchinjika-kuongorora pakati pedhijitari uye yechinyakare data inodiwa.

Kunyangwe hazvo nharaunda dzechiIndonesian-Malaysian dzechiMuslim dzichigovana hunhu hwemagariro, pane misiyano inocherechedzwa maererano nemaonero avo ekurwisa kweRussia. Zvatakawana zvakaratidza kuti vechidiki vechiMalaysian vechiMuslim vakaratidza kutsigira kurwisa kweRussia zvakanyanya nekuda kwe "anti-Western" manzwiro. Zvichakadaro, vechidiki vechiMuslim vechiIndonesia vakaratidza kuyemura kushinga kwaPutin muhondo.

Methodology

Kuti tiwane data, takaita maFGD uye ongororo yepamhepo yevaMuslim vechidiki muIndonesia neMalaysia. MaFGD aisanganisira vadzidzi veUniversitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum kuIndonesia neUniversiti Sultan Zainal Abidin kuMalaysia, ose ane tsika refu yekubatanidza tsika dzechiIslam mukudzidza. Muchikamu chino, takabvunza vakapindura mibvunzo pamusoro pemaonero avakaita kurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine, kuchiteverwa nekurukurirano yevamwe vezera remusoro wenyaya. Mibvunzo yakanangana nematsananguriro avaizoita kurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine uye kuti vaizotsanangura sei zvine chekuita nezvavanosangana nazvo pasocial media.

Pamusoro pezvo, takaita ongororo imwe chete yepamhepo yakagoverwa kuburikidza nemurongi wechikoro cheIslam uye yakatumirwa kune 315 vakapindura mudunhu rese reJava uye 69 vakapindura kubva kuMalaysia. Vamhan'ari vakawanwa nesampling zvisina tsarukano uye vozosarudzwa zvichibva pamaitiro chaiwo anosanganisira zera re 15-40 uye chinodiwa chekupedza kana kuita dzidzo yeIslam. Vatori vechikamu vainzi vapindure musanganiswa we22 mibvunzo yakavhurika uye yakavharwa yeongororo, iyo yaisanganisira zvese zvehuwandu uye hwemhando data maererano nevakapindura 'kune kurwisa kweRussia. Mushure mezvo, data yekuongorora yemhando yakaongororwa pachishandiswa chinyorwa chekuongorora chinyorwa CAQDAS (Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis), iyo inoshandiswa kupatsanura data reongororo mumadingindira akasiyana.

Vechidiki vechiIndonesia vechiMuslim 'Kuyemura kwaPutin

Mhedzisiro yeongororo yakaratidza kuti vazhinji vechidiki vechiIndonesia vechiMuslim vakakwezvwa naPutin's macho persona. Apo tsvakurudzo yakabvunza mubvunzo: 'Unoziva Vladimir Putin here?' mhinduro huru kubva kune vakapindura (76%) yaiti “Hongu”, vasara vakapindura vachiti “Kwete”. Vakapindura vakabvunzwa kuti, 'Unozivei pamusoro paVladimir Putin?', nemhinduro yakajairika ndeyokuti vaiyemura machismo aPutin, akadai seushingi hwake muhondo uye kudzivirira chikonzero cheIslam. Vanoverengeka vakapindura muchikamu cheFGD vakabvumawo Putin's macho persona. Uyezve, mubvunzo 'Unofunga kuti Russia inyika "inotonhorera"?' zvakakonzera kuti 53% yevakapindura vapindure "Hongu", 17% vapindure "Kwete", uye 30% vachiti, "Handizivi". Pavakabvunzwa kuti vatsanangure mhinduro yavo, vazhinji vakapindura vakafunga kuti Russia "yakanaka" nekuda kwechimiro chaPutin chekutsigira Islam.

Nezvemubvunzo 'Iwe unoziva here nezvekupinda kweRussia kuUkraine muna 2022?' 72% yevakapindura vakapindura "Hongu" uye 28% vakapindura "Kwete". Pavakabvunzwa kuti chii chavaiziva nezvekupinda uku, ruzhinji rwevakapindura vakangotarisa nezve NATO naPutin kudzivirira nyika yake, uye vakaregeredza zvachose chikamu chekubatsira. Chekupedzisira, takabvunza vakapindura kana zvesocial media zvavaidya zvine nyaya dzaPutin anotsigira Islam, ne69% yevakapindura vachiti vakasangana nezviri kuratidza Russia sepro-Islam, zvichiratidza zvidzidzo zvedu zvekare.

Vechidiki vekuMalaysia vechiMuslim uye neAnti-West Sentiment

Nharaunda yeMalasian Muslim yaive neimwe maonero ekurwisa kweRussia kune vamwe vavo vekuIndonesia. Ivo vanoona kurwiswa kweRussia zvakanyanya kuburikidza nenhoroondo anti-West lens. Izvi zvinoenderana nezvatakaona muchikamu cheFGD. Achipindura mubvunzo, 'Unoona zvirimo here zvine meseji yekuti Russia/Putin inotsigira Islam?' 20% yevakapindura vakati “Hongu”, 42% vakapindura kuti “Kwete”, uye 38% vakati “Handizive”. Mumwe mubvunzo, 'Iwe unofunga kuti Russia/Putin inyika ine pro-Islam?' yakapindurwa ne26% "Hongu", 46% "Kwete", uye 28% "Handizive". Pavakakumbirwa kuti vatsanangure pamusoro pemhinduro dzavo, vaMalasia vakapindura vakati vaifarira kutsigira Russia nekuda kwenhoroondo yeMalawi yekoloni neGreat Britain. Mhinduro idzi dzinoratidza musiyano wemaonero pakati pevabvunzwa vekuMalaysia neveIndonesia, nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvavanoshandisa.

100% yevaMalaysian vakapindura vakapindura "Hongu" pavakabvunzwa 'Unoziva Vladimir Putin here?' Misiyano pakati pemapoka maviri evakapindura yakaenderera mberi pakumutsanangura. Nepo vaipindura veIndonesia vakaratidza kushamwaridzana naPutin's macho persona, vakapindura vekuMalaysia vainyanya kuona Putin kuburikidza nebasa rake semutungamiri wenyika. Paakabvunzwa kuti 'Unofunga kuti Russia inyika "inotonhorera" here?' 58% yevakapindura vakapindura kuti “Hongu”, 18% vakapindura kuti “Kwete”, uye 24% vakati “Handizive”. Pakutsanangura, vazhinji vakapindura vakaturikira "zvinotonhorera" maererano netsika dzeRussia uye simba rakasimba remauto, vamwe vachitaura kushushikana kweRussia nekuda kwenyika yayo.

100% yevaMalaysian vakapindura vakapindurawo "Hongu" maererano nemubvunzo 'Unoziva here nezvekupinda kweRussia kuUkraine muna 2022?' Zvakare, vakapindura vakatendawo kuti kupinda uku kwakakonzerwa neWest kusvika kuUkraine. Vatiwo vanotarisira kuti hurumende yeMalaysia ichatsigira Russia, sezvo nyika dzekumavirira dziri kutsigira Ukraine.

Muchinjikwa-Ongororo yeSyvey Results

Takaona muenzaniso wakafanana mumhinduro dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwesocial media pakati pevaviri seti yevakapindura. Mhinduro yaivepo yaive yekuti vakawana social media kusvika maawa mashanu pazuva, TikTok ne Instagram mapuratifomu anozivikanwa. Vakataurawo kuti social media ndiyo yaive yavo yekutanga ruzivo nezve kurwisa kweRussia. Zvichienderana nedata rakaunganidzwa, 100% yevaMalasia vakapindura uye 72% yevaIndonesia vakapindura vakati vakasangana nenhau dzesocial media nezve kurwisa kweRussia. Vakapindura vekuIndonesia vanoti vakasangana nedzimwe nyaya dzakanangana naPutin, ukuwo vekuMalaysia vakapindura vakati vaona zvirimo zvinopomera West. Zvisinei nekusiyana uku, vese vekuIndonesia nevekuMalaysia vakapindura vakati Russia inyika inotsigira Islam.

Kunogoneka kubatana kuripo pakati pekuti nharaunda idzi dzinoshandisa sei zvemagariro media uye kushingirira kweanopokana neWestern manzwiro. Iyo nguva yakawanda inopedzwa nekuwana social media, inowedzera njodzi yekufumurwa kune zvine chekuita nepropaganda. Vakapindura vekuMalaysia avo vakapedza maawa angangoita mana pasocial media vaifarira kuona Russia senyika inotonhorera uye inopokana neWestern. Zvichakadaro, vanhu vekuIndonesia vakapindura vaive panjodzi yekuvhiringwa ruzivo.

Championing Humanity

Muzera iro ruzivo rwedhijitari runotonga, nharaunda yeMuslim inofanirwa kuratidza kusimba kweruzivo. Izvi zvinoreva kuzivisa propaganda uye kupatsanura chokwadi kubva kune disinformation. Nekuda kwehukama hwayo hwakasimba hwekubatana, nharaunda yeMuslim yakawedzera kunetsa kune social media propaganda, kunyanya pamusoro we Jihad. Kutadza kusiyanisa propaganda kubva chaiyo Dzidziso yeIslam zvinogona kukonzera ugandanga.

Nharaunda yeMuslim inofanirwa kupindura kuhondo nekudzokorora dzidziso dzechiIslam dzechivanhu, pane kuwira pasocial media propaganda. VaMuslim vanofanira kufunga pamusoro pemigumisiro yevanhu vasati vaita maonero pane imwe nyaya. Vakawirwa nehondo vanoda rutsigiro nekudzivirirwa zvisinei nenhoroondo yavo kana zvematongerwo enyika. Aya mazano anogona kukurudzira vechidiki vechiMuslim kuti vasiyanise pakati pechokwadi uye propaganda uye nekubatanidza dzidziso yeIslam mukupindura kurwisa kweRussia.

Mhedziso uye Mazano

Tsvagiridzo iri pamusoro inoratidza kuti nharaunda dzeIndonesia neMalaysian Muslim dzinoona sei kupindira kweRussia pasocial media. Pasinei nekufanana pakati penharaunda, vapinduri veIndonesia vakanyanya kutarisa paPutin's macho persona. Nekune rimwe divi, vaMalasia vakapindura vairatidza kutsigira kwavo Russia zvichibva pane zvinopokana neWestern. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tinokurudzira nharaunda dzechiMuslim munyika mbiri idzi kuti dzishandure paradigm kubva panhaurwa yesocial media kuenda kune imwe nhaurirano yakakura. Kurwira vanhu chinhu chakakosha chedzidziso yechiIslam chisingafanirwe kuregeredzwa.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, nhaurirano yekuyambuka-nyika pakati penharaunda dzeMuslim inogona kuona kuti mhinduro kuhondo kuratidza Tsika dzechiIslam. Nhaurirano pakati penharaunda dzechiIslam, kunyanya pakati pevadiki vechiMuslim muIndonesia neMalaysia, yakakosha mukugadzira mamiriro akafanana ekuona nyaya dzepasi rose uye kurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine vachishandisa hunhu hweIslam. Humanitarianism ipfungwa yepasirese inofambirana nehunhu hwechiIslam uye inobvumira vechidiki vechiIndonesia neMalasia maMuslim kushuvira kugadzirisa kusawirirana nerunyararo pasi rose.

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