COP26, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye hutongi hwehutongi - musanganiswa usina kugadzikana

Sezvo chikuru nechakanaka zvakadzika paGlasgow kumusangano wemamiriro ekunze weCOP26 uchangopera ungadai wakaregererwa nekuratidza hutsinye.

Zvisinei nekuwanda kwezvisungo kubva kuhurumende dzekuMadokero nemakambani epasi rose zvine chinangwa chekugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, nzou muBlue Zone yaive yakawedzera kubuda kabhoni yevamwe vakanyanya kusvibisa pasirese, mabehemoths eChina neRussia. 

Zvinoenderana ne "Nyika Yedu muData", China neRussia pamwe chete dzinoumba ingangoita 33% yepasi rose carbon dioxide emissions neChina chete inoverengera zvinoshamisa 28% yemugove wenyika.

Pasina kongiri uye chiito chekukurumidza kubva kure kune yakakura kwazvo emitter yepasirese (China), mikana yekuchengeta tembiricha yepasi rose ichikwira kusvika pazasi 2 madhigirii ne2050 inotaridzika kunge isingaite. Kuti vatsoropodzi varambe vachiwedzera, gore rapfuura Mutungamiri Xi Jinping vakavimbisa kuti China yaizosvika pakubuda kwemhepo panosvika gore ra2030 uye ichawana kusarerekera kwekabhoni panosvika 2060. Pamusoro pezvo, vakavimbisa kucheka kusimba kwekabhoni ne "65%" kubva mumazinga a2005. 2030, kubva pachinangwa chekare che "kusvika 65%. Zvisungo izvi zvaitwawo nemakambani ehurumende yeChina ari pasi pemarata, marasha nemagetsi achirairwa nehurumende.

Senguva dzose nezviziviso zvezvematongerwo enyika kubva kuBeijing, mukaha uri pakati pemashoko nezviito uri kumuka. Muna 2003, China yakaita 22% yepasi rose carbon dioxide emissions asi muna 2020 izvi zvakange zvawedzera zvakanyanya kusvika pa31%. Chikamu chayo chekushandiswa kwemarasha pasi rose chakakwira kubva pa36% kusvika pa54% panguva imwe cheteyo. Nekuwedzera kwesimba repasi rose kuri kuwedzera kuomesa zvinhu, Beijing iri kuwedzera simba rayo rekupisa marasha mukusakoshesa zvakatipoteredza, vagari vayo uye zvipikirwa zvayo zvekudzikisa kabhoni.

Sekureva kweUS Energy Information Administration, China iri kupeta katatu kugona kwayo kugadzira mafuta kubva mumarasha, nezve iyo yakanyanya-carbon-intensive process inogona kufungidzira chero munhu. Inotova neanopfuura 1,000 gigawatts emagetsi emarasha uye ine mamwe gigawatts zana mupombi. Kana tichienzanisa, huwandu hwese hwemagetsi hweUK hunosvika 105 gigawatts.

Muvakidzani weChina weRussia haasi kuita zviri nani. Mugore rakaona rekodhi richipwanya moto wemasango muSiberia, mafashamo ane mafashama paGungwa Dzvuku uye kupisa kwemhepo muMoscow, mibvunzo iri kubvunzwa muRussia nezve hurongwa hweMutungamiri Putin nehurumende yake nezve kutyisidzira kuripo kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. . 

Mugore rapfuura, Mutungamiri weRussia, Vladimir Putin, akarayira hurumende yake kuti igadzire hurongwa hwekuti Russia ideredze utsi hwayo pasi peiyo yeEuropean Union panosvika 2050. KuFar East, chitsuwa chePacific cheSakhalin chinotarisira kushandisa masango ayo akakura kuti awedzere. inova nzvimbo yekutanga yeRussia isina kwayakarerekera. Padanho rega rega rehurumende yeRussia, mutemo wemamiriro ekunze ndiyo nyaya inopisa.

SekuChina, panofanirwa kutarisa mhiri kwemisoro yenyaya kuti uone kana chiito chichienderana nekutaura kwakakwirira. Russia yakazvipira kusarerekera kabhoni panosvika 2060 (chinangwa chinoenderana neChina, kunyangwe makore gumi aine chishuviro kupfuura EU neUK), asi Russian net zero ingangove yakafukidzwa nekuwedzeredza pamusoro pehuwandu hwekabhoni yakanyudzwa masango enyika, pane kudzikisira zvine mutsindo mukubuda kwehutsi kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwevanhu vakawanda uye kutevedzerwa kwehunyanzvi hwekushandura.

Nyaya inodzokororwa inodzikamisa chero kuedza kweRussia decarbonisation ndiko kuwanda kwezvinoonekwa se "njodzi dzenharaunda" dzinoitwa nemabhizinesi akazvimirira mudunhu iri, mumwe muenzaniso uri wekudonha netsaona kweNorilsk Nickel yematani makumi maviri nerimwe edhiziri murwizi rweSiberia muna Chivabvu, iyo oligarch. Vladimir Potanin akamanikidzwa kubhadhara rekodhi faindi ye21,000 bhiriyoni, uye makemikari anokuvadza akadonha paTogliattiazot ammonia chirimwa kumaodzanyemba kweRussia pasi pemuridzi waSergei Makhlai.

Kana Xi Jinping naVladimir Putin vakapinda muCOP26 danho harina kungoisa inzwi rinotyisa pamusangano uyu asi iro rinoonekwa zvakanyanya sekukanganisa kuedza kuita kuti vatungamiriri venyika vataurirane chibvumirano chitsva chekumisa kudziya kwepasirese. Zvicharamba zvichionekwa kuti vatungamiriri vaviri vanozvimiririra vachatora zvakakomba sei basa ravo remamiriro ekunze asi kure nekuverenga geopolitical ichokwadi chakapusa: China neRussia inyika hombe dziri kupisa nekukurumidza kupfuura pasi rose. Kutevedzana kwemwaka isina kugadzikana uye mamiriro ekunze, uye njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, zvakasiya vanhu vekuRussia neChina vachinyanya kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze. Kune vatungamiriri vanofarira kugara kudivi rerudyi remaonero everuzhinji pese pazvinogoneka, nekufamba kwenguva panogona kuve nesarudzo shoma asi kuti Xi naPutin vaende vakasvibira zvizere uye pamwe kutofunga kuenda kuzviitiko zvinotsiva kuCOP26.

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